Arabbuna

Arabbuna
herrixka
Administrazioa
Estatu burujabe Palestina
Mendeko lurraldeZisjordania
Palestina Estatuko lurralde-antolaketaJeningo Gobernazioa
Geografia
Koordenatuak32°30′N 35°24′E / 32.5°N 35.4°E / 32.5; 35.4
Map
Demografia

Arabbuna Zisjordaniako Jenin gobernazioko herri palestinar bat da. Herria Jenin hiritik 9 kilometro iparraldera dago, Zisjordaniako banaketa hesiaren[1] hegoaldean, eta Palestinako Estatistika Bulego Nagusiaren arabera, herriak 1.025 biztanle zituen 2017an [2]. Goi eta Erdi Paleolito garaiko historiaurreko flint tresnak aurkitu ziren herriaren hegoaldean. Bizantziar garaiko aztarna arkeologikoak aurkitu zituzten herrian.

Historia

Arkeologia

Arkeologoek flint tresnak aurkitu dituzte Arabbuna hegoaldean. Tresna hauek Goi Paleolito eta Erdi Paleolito garaietakoak ziren (BP 300.000 eta 10.000 urte bitartekoak). Lehenengoen tresnak Mousteriar kulturakoak [3]dira. Herria bera antzinako leku batean dago. Eraikin, hesi eta terrazetako hormetan harri zaharrak berrerabili dira. Arroka-aldaxkak etxe eta baratzeen artean sakabanatuta daude. Horietako batzuk antzinako hilobi gisa identifikatuta daude. Arabbonako bizilagunek gaur egun arroka-aldaxkak erabiltzen dituzte biltegiratzeko. Potxero eta beiragile gutxi batzuk aurkitu zituzten herrian, eta bizantziar garaikoak dira. Beraz, herria "Araba" izeneko kokaleku baten kokalekua izan daiteke, Eusebioren garaian K.a. IV. mendetik existitzen zena. [4] [5]

Ottomandar garaia

Arabbuna, gainerako Palestina bezala, Otomandar Inperioan sartu zuten 1517an. XVI. eta XVII. mendeetan zehar, Turabay Emirerrikoa izan zen (1517-1683), Jezreel harana, Haifa, Jenin, Beit She 'an harana, Jabal Nablus iparraldea, Bilad al-Ruha/Ramot Menashe eta Xarongo lautadaren iparraldea ere hartzen zituena. 1596ko erroldan, Arrabuna Arabbuni bezala agertzen zen, Sarako nahiyan kokatua, Lajungo liwan.[6] [7]14 etxe zituen, guztiak musulmanak. % 25eko zerga-tasa finkoa ordaintzen zuten nekazaritzako produktuetan, garia, garagarra, udako uztak, ahuntzak eta erlauntzak barne, noizbehinkako errentez gain; guztira 4.500 akçe.[8]

1870ean, Victor Guérinek Arabbuna herrixka txiki bat zela aurkitu zuen[9], eta "herrixka honen hegoalderago", eraikin zahar baten oinarria, eta ez dirudi aztertu zuenik [10]. 1870/1871 (K.a. 1288) urtean, otomandar errolda batek Shafa al-Qiblyko nahiya (azpibarrutia) izeneko herria zerrendatu zuen. [11]

Britaniar agintaldia

1922ko Palestinako erroldan, Britainiar Agintaritzako agintariek zuzendua, herriak 136 musulman zituen [11], eta 1931ko erroldan 138 musulman zeuden, 24 etxetan [12].

1944/5eko estatistiketan 210 biztanle zeuden, guztiak musulmanak [13], guztira 6.772 dunamekin, lurralde eta populazio ofizialen inkesta baten arabera[14]. Horietatik, 256 dunam landaketa eta lur ureztagarrietarako erabili ziren, 3.607 dunam zerealetarako [14], eta 22 dunama lur hiritarretarako[14].

Jordaniar garaia

1948ko Arabiar Gerraren eta 1949ko Armistizio Akordioen ondoren, Arabbuna Jordaniaren menpe geratu zen.

1967tik aurrera

1967ko Sei Eguneko Gerraz geroztik, Arabbuna israeldarren okupaziopean dago. 1967ko erroldan, Arrabunak 270 biztanle zituen, eta horietatik 42 israeldarrak ziren.[15]

Erreferentziak

  1. Richter, Werner. (1988-07). «Atlas of Israel, edited by R. Adler, et al. 3rd ed. (English-Hebrew). The Survey of Israel, Tel Aviv; Macmillan, New York1985.» Middle East Studies Association Bulletin 22 (1): 102–103.  doi:10.1017/s0026318400019957. ISSN 0026-3184. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2023-11-13).
  2. Houk, V.. (2007-12-11). «Aulacoseira hibschii (Reichelt) Houk from its type locality and other diatomite localities in North Bohemia (Czech Republic and Germany)» Proceedings of the 1st Central European Diatom Meeting 2007 (Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem)  doi:10.3372/cediatom.111. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2023-11-15).
  3. Fenenga, Franklin. (1955-12). «: Archeological Survey of Western Utah . Jack R. Rudy. ; Archeological Survey of the La Sal Mountain Area, Utah . Alice P. Hunt. ; The Garrison Site: A Report of Archeological Excavations in Snake Valley, Nevada-Utah . Dee Calderwood Taylor.» American Anthropologist 57 (6): 1330–1331.  doi:10.1525/aa.1955.57.6.02a00470. ISSN 0002-7294. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2023-11-15).
  4. «AIBS News» BioScience 48 (9): 778–778. 1998-09  doi:10.2307/1313343. ISSN 0006-3568. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2023-11-15).
  5. Goder-Goldberger, Mae; Bar-Matthews, Mira. (2019-04). «Novel chrono-cultural constraints for the Middle Paleolithic site of Rosh Ein Mor (D15), Israel» Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 24: 102–114.  doi:10.1016/j.jasrep.2018.12.021. ISSN 2352-409X. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2023-11-15).
  6. Chirzin, Muhammad. (2008-07-14). «Khaṣāiṣ al-Amthāl fī al-Qurān wa Aghrāḍuhā wa al-Mauḍū'āt allatī' ‘Ālajathā» Al-Jami'ah: Journal of Islamic Studies 42 (1): 199–222.  doi:10.14421/ajis.2004.421.199-222. ISSN 2338-557X. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2023-11-15).
  7. (Ingelesez) Marom, Roy; Tepper, Yotam; Adams, Matthew J.. (2023-05-04). «Lajjun: forgotten provincial capital in Ottoman Palestine» Levant 55 (2): 218–241.  doi:10.1080/00758914.2023.2202484. ISSN 0075-8914. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2023-11-15).
  8. ALSHARIF, MUATH; ALNAFOOSI, ZAINAB; ABDULFATTAH, OMAR. (2021-10). «A VERY RARE CASE OF LARYNGEAL CRYPTOCOCCOSIS» Chest 160 (4): A1912.  doi:10.1016/j.chest.2021.07.1693. ISSN 0012-3692. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2023-11-15).
  9. «Pressure Not a Motive Power» Scientific American 30 (22): 336–336. 1874-05-30  doi:10.1038/scientificamerican05301874-336. ISSN 0036-8733. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2023-11-15).
  10. «Anzeige» Astronomische Nachrichten 101 (20-21): 336–336. 1882-01  doi:10.1002/asna.18821012007. ISSN 0004-6337. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2023-11-15).
  11. a b Grossman, David. (2017-09-08). Rural Arab Demography and Early Jewish Settlement in Palestine. Routledge ISBN 978-1-315-12882-5. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2023-11-15).
  12. Mills, F. B.. (1932). Mills annual seed & plant book, 1932 /. F.B. Mills, (Noiz kontsultatua: 2023-11-15).
  13. «The Internet Archive Wayback Machine» Reference Reviews 16 (2): 5–5. 2002-02-01  doi:10.1108/rr.2002.16.2.5.59. ISSN 0950-4125. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2023-11-15).
  14. a b c International Financial Statistics. International Monetary Fund 1970-04 ISBN 978-1-5135-3347-6. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2023-11-15).
  15. West Bank and Gaza Strip. 1999-11-09  doi:10.5089/9781557758279.071. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2023-11-15).

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