'Anin

'Anin
herrixka
Administrazioa
Estatu burujabe Palestina
Mendeko lurraldeZisjordania
Palestina Estatuko lurralde-antolaketaJeningo Gobernazioa
Geografia
Koordenatuak32°30′05″N 35°10′04″E / 32.5014°N 35.1677°E / 32.5014; 35.1677
Map
Altuera400 m
Demografia

'Anin (arabieraz: عانين‎) Palestinako herrixka bat da, Jeningo Gobernazioaren parte dena, Zisjordanian. Palestinako Estatistika Bulego Nagusiaren arabera, herrixkak 4.216 biztanle zituen 2017an.[1]

Historia

Iradoki denez, 'Anin antzinako Beth Anath izan liteke, edo greziar: Batanaia, Eusebio Zeraseakoaren Onomasticon-en eta Toseftan aipatua.[2]

Burdin Aroko, persiarren, erromatarren, bizantziarra, musulman goiztiarren eta Erdi Aroako keramikak topatu dira bertan.[3]

"Herrixkaren iparraldean, harkaitzezko pasabide bat dago, oinez ibiltzeko modukoa, 50 bat oin dituena eta zementuz forratuta dagoena; gero oin baten altuera hartzen du. Horrek arroka-gainazal lau batera darama (...) Harrian egindako bi hilobi daude mendebaldean, orain blokeaturik daude".[4][5]

Otomandar Aroa

1517an, 'Anin Otomandar Inperioan sartu zen, Palestinako gainerako lurraldeak bezala. XVI. eta XVII. mendeetan, Turabay dinastiaren (1517-1683) jabetza zen, Jezreelgo harana, Haifa, Jenin, Beit She'an bailara, Jabal Nablusen iparraldea, Bilad al-Ruha/Ramot Menashe eta Xarongo lautadaren iparraldea bezala.[6][7] 1596ko erroldan Sahil Atlit-en nahiya edo azpibarruti bezala agertzen zen, Lajjungo liwa edo barrutian. Herrixkak 16 etxe zituen, guztiak musulmanak. Herritarrek nekazal produktuen gaineko %25eko zerga-tasa finkoa ordaintzen zuten, guztira 3.600 akçe.[8]

1882an, Palestine Exploration Fundek Palestinako Mendebaldeari buruz egindako inkestan honela deskribatu zen 'Anin: "herri txiki da bat gailur batean, zati bat harriz eraikia, mendebaldean olibadi txiki bat eta bi putzu ditu. Antzinako leku baten itxura du, arrokaz ebakitako hilobiak eta urarentzako kanal bitxia".[9]

Mandatu Britainiarraren aroa

1922ko Palestinako erroldan, Palestinako Britaniar Mandatuko agintariek egina, 360 biztanle musulman ziren. 1931ko erroldan ordea, 447 musulman, 68 etxeetan banaturik.[10][11]

1944/5eko estatistiketan, 590 biztanle musulman ziren, eta herrixkak 15.049 dunam zituen.[12] Horietatik, 1.769 landa eta ureztatze-lurretarako, 1.806 zerealetarako, eta 13 dunam herrixka eraikitzeko.[13][14]

Jordaniar aroa

1948ko Arabiar-israeldar Gerraren ondoren, Jordaniaren menpe geratu zen.

1961eko Jordaniak egin zuen erroldan 752 biztanle zenbatu ziren.[15]

1967az geroztik

1967ko Sei Eguneko Gerra eta gero, Israelek kontrolpean hartu zuen Zisjordaniako gainerako lurraldeekin batera. Okupazioko B eremuan dago herria, Palestinako Aginte Nazionalaren kontrol zibil partzialean sartua, apenas herrigunea inguruko lurrik gabe eta C eremuko kontrol israeldar osoko lurraldeak inguratuta.[16]

Erreferentziak

  1. ↑ Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics. (February 2018). Preliminary Results of the Population, Housing and Establishments Census 2017. , 64 or..
  2. ↑ Avi-Yonah, Michael. (1976). «Gazetteer of Roman Palestine» Qedem 5: 37. ISSN 0333-5844..
  3. ↑ Zertal, 2016, pp. 127-130
  4. ↑ Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. 51
  5. ↑ Dauphin, 1998, p. 748
  6. ↑ (Ingelesez) al-Bakhīt, Muḥammad ʻAdnān; al-Ḥamūd, Nūfān Rajā. «Daftar mufaṣṣal nāḥiyat Marj Banī ʻĀmir wa-tawābiʻihā wa-lawāḥiqihā allatī kānat fī taṣarruf al-Amīr Ṭarah Bāy sanat 945 ah» www.worldcat.org (Jordanian University): 1–35..
  7. ↑ Marom, Roy; Marom, Tepper; Adams, Matthew J. (2023). «Lajjun: Forgotten Provincial Capital in Ottoman Palestine» Levant: 1–24.  doi:10.1080/00758914.2023.2202484..
  8. ↑ Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 159
  9. ↑ Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. 44
  10. ↑ Barron, 1923, Table IX, Sub-district of Jenin, p. 30
  11. ↑ Mills, 1932, p. 67
  12. ↑ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 54
  13. ↑ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 98
  14. ↑ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 148
  15. ↑ Government of Jordan, Department of Statistics, 1964, p. 25
  16. ↑ «Nominatim - Anim» nominatim.openstreetmap.org (Noiz kontsultatua: 2023-11-22).

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