Tranvia Bologna-Imola

Tranvia Bologna-Imola
InizioBologna
FineImola
Inaugurazione1885
Chiusura1935
Vecchi gestoriSocietà Veneta
Lunghezza33,75 km
Tipotranvia
Mezzi utilizzatilocomotive a vapore e carrozze
Trasporto pubblico

La tranvia Bologna-Imola era una linea tranviaria a vapore italiana che collegava Bologna a Imola, percorrendo in sede promiscua la Via Emilia.

Storia

La Società Veneta per Imprese e Costruzioni Pubbliche ottenne nel 1885 la concessione cinquantennale per la costruzione e l'esercizio di una linea tranviaria a vapore che collegasse le città di Bologna e Imola.

La tranvia fu inaugurata fino a San Lazzaro il 24 settembre 1885 e prolungata a Imola l'anno successivo, il 20 giugno 1886[1].

Il progetto datato 1889 del direttore tecnico della tranvia, ing. Miglietta, di prolungare l'impianto fino a Faenza, pur formalmente approvato, non venne mai attuato[1], così come non fu dato seguito al progetto del 1924 di elettrificazione della linea[2].

Nel 1935, alla scadenza della concessione, la Società Veneta decise di non rinnovare la stessa. La linea fu quindi soppressa e sostituita da un autoservizio a cura della provincia di Bologna il 24 settembre dello stesso anno[3].

Un servizio tranviario che ricalcava in parte il percorso iniziale della linea per Imola fu istituito fino a San Lazzaro nel 1948 quale linea urbana della rete bolognese.

Caratteristiche tecniche

Il ponte sul torrente Sillaro a Castel San Pietro terme, con il binario tranviario diretto a Bologna in una cartolina d'epoca
Percorso[4]
Continuation backward Continuation backward
per Bologna Centrale
Station on track Unknown route-map component "ABZg+l" Unknown route-map component "CONTfq"
Bologna San Vitale
Unknown route-map component "uexKBHFa" One way leftward Unknown route-map component "KRZo" Unknown route-map component "CONTfq"
0 Bologna Porta Mazzini per Portomaggiore
Unknown route-map component "CONTgq" Unused waterway under railway bridge Transverse track Unknown route-map component "ABZgr"
per Prato
Unknown route-map component "uexHST" Straight track
2 Pontevecchio Crociali
Unknown route-map component "uexHST" Straight track
3 Pontevecchio
Unknown route-map component "uexHST" Straight track
3 Due Madonne
Unknown route-map component "uexBHF" Stop on track
5 San Lazzaro
Unknown route-map component "uexHST" Straight track
7 Cicogna
Unknown route-map component "uexHST" Straight track
8 Idice
Unknown route-map component "uexWBRÜCKE1" Transverse water Small bridge over water
torrente Idice
Unknown route-map component "uexHST" Straight track
9 Marescotta
Unused straight waterway Non-passenger station/depot on track
P.M. Mirandola-Ozzano
Unknown route-map component "uexBHF" Stop on track
11 Ozzano
Unknown route-map component "uexHST" Straight track
13 Maggio
Unknown route-map component "uexHST" Stop on track
15 San Nicolò Varignana
Unknown route-map component "uexHST" Straight track
18 Gallo
Unknown route-map component "uexBHF" Station on track
22 Castel San Pietro
Unknown route-map component "uexHST" Straight track
26 Toscanella
Unknown route-map component "uexBHF" Straight track
27 Dozza
Unknown route-map component "uexHST" Straight track
29 Piratello
Unknown route-map component "uexKBHFe" Straight track
33 Imola
Unknown route-map component "exCONTgq" Unknown route-map component "exSTRq" Unknown route-map component "exSTR+r" Straight track
per Fontanelice
Unknown route-map component "exBHF" Station on track
Imola SAF / Imola FS
Unknown route-map component "exSTRl" Unknown route-map component "eKRZo" Unknown route-map component "exCONTfq"
per Massalombarda
Continuation forward
per Ancona

La tranvia era una linea a singolo binario a scartamento ordinario italiano da 1445 mm. Il binario risultava armato con rotaie da 25 kg/m che ammetteva una velocità massima di 20 km/h[1].

Originata dalla stazione bolognese di Porta Mazzini, la tranvia proseguiva pressoché per intero lungo la via Emilia, mantenendosene al margine della carreggiata. Fino al 1899 l'attestamento a Imola avveniva presso la Porta Leone, nel borgo San Cassiano, vicino alla città. In tale anno fu costruita la stazione terminale presso l'attuale centro commerciale della Conad, portando l'impianto alla lunghezza complessiva di 33,75 chilometri[1].

La pendenza massima raggiunta era del 2,4%; i raggi di curvatura non scendevano sotto i 120 m.

Durante il percorso i treni servivano 6 fermate intermedie, oltre che le vere e proprie stazioni di San Lazzaro, Ozzano, Castel San Pietro e Dozza[3].

Materiale rotabile

Per la trazione dei treni la Società Venetà utilizzò prevalentemente locomotive cabinate di tipo tranviario a 2 assi che costituivano i gruppi 150 e 170.

Le prime, numerate 150÷154, erano di costruzione Henschel e Breda da 85 kW. Le seconde, contraddistinte dagli identificativi sociali 170÷172, erano anch'esse delle Henschel, realizzate nel 1886 con una potenza di 118 kW provenienti dalla tranvia Vicenza-Montagnana[1].

Nei primi anni di esercizio tali locomotive erano alimentate a legna, da cui derivò il nome popolare di e' brusamaron, mentre successivamente fu impiegata la lignite. A seguito dell'introduzione del carbone fossile, la durata del viaggio fra le due città si ridusse a un'ora e mezza, dalle due ore di viaggio richieste in precedenza[3].

In previsione del potenziamento dei servizi presso un altro gruppo di linee della Società Veneta, quello esercito attraverso la controllata Società delle Guidovie Centrali Venete che svolgeva corse da Padova verso Bagnoli di Sopra, Piove di Sacco, Fusina e Mestre, furono acquistate anche i 9 esemplari che costituivano inizialmente il gruppo 179-187; il lotto fu diviso fra due costruttori: le unità 179-184 furono fornite dalla stessa Henschel & Sohn, mentre le successive unità, destinate proprio alla linea emiliana, vennero realizzate dalla Maschinenfabrik Emil Kessler, di Esslingen[3]; delle stesse arrivò tuttavia a Bologna solo la 186.

Completavano la dotazione del parco 10 carrozze a due assi e tre carri merci.

Materiale motore - prospetto di sintesi

Unità Anno di costruzione Costruttore Potenza Note
150 - Mira 1885-86 Henschel 85 kW Ex 175
151 - Savena 1885-86 Henschel 85 kW Ex 178
152 - Gaiana 1885-86 Henschel 85 kW Ex 186
153 - Roveri 1889 Breda 85 kW Ex 188
154 - Mezzolara 1889 Breda 85 kW Ex 189
170 - Montagnana 1889 Henschel 118 kW Ex 211, proveniente dalla tranvia Vicenza-Montagnana
171 - Noventa 1889 Henschel 118 kW Ex 212, proveniente dalla tranvia Vicenza-Montagnana
172 - Ongiano 1889 Henschel 118 kW Ex 215, proveniente dalla tranvia Vicenza-Montagnana

Note

Bibliografia

  • Davide Damiani, Fuori porta col vaporino 1877-1977. Cento anni di trasporti pubblici in provincia di Bologna, Bologna, Centro Stampa ATC, 1977.
  • Giovanni Cornolò, La Società Veneta Ferrovie, Ponte San Nicolò, Duegi Editrice, 2005.
  • Fabio Formentin e Paolo Rossi, Storia dei trasporti urbani di Bologna, 3ª ed., Cortona, Calosci, 2005 [1990].

Voci correlate

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