Pyu language (Papuan)

Pyu
Pyu
Native to	Papua New Guinea; Indonesia
Region	Green River Rural LLG in Sandaun Province; Pegunungan Bintang Regency in Highland Papua;
Native speakers	250 (2012 census)
Language family	Arai–Samaia or Language isolate Pyu;
Language codes
ISO 639-3	pby
Glottolog	pyuu1245
ELP	Pyu
	Pyu
	Coordinates: 4°01′09″S 141°02′01″E / 4.019117°S 141.033561°E

Pyu is a language isolate spoken in Papua New Guinea and Indonesia. As of 2000, the language had about 100 speakers in Papua New Guinea. It is spoken in Biake No. 2 village (4°01′09″S 141°02′01″E / 4.019117°S 141.033561°E / -4.019117; 141.033561 (Biake 2)) of Biake ward, Green River Rural LLG in Sandaun Province.^[2]^[3] Additionally, there are about 150 speakers in Batom District, Pegunungan Bintang Regency, Highland Papua, Indonesia.^[4]^[5]

Classification

Timothy Usher links the Pyu language to its neighbors, the Left May languages and the Amto–Musan languages, in as Arai–Samaia stock.^[6]

An automated computational analysis (ASJP 4) by Müller et al. (2013)^[7] found lexical similarities with Kimki. However, since the analysis was automatically generated, the grouping could be either due to mutual lexical borrowing or genetic inheritance.

Based on limited lexical evidence, Pyu had been linked to the putative Kwomtari–Fas family, but that family is apparently spurious and Foley (2018) notes that Pyu and Kwomtari are highly divergent from each other. Some similar pronouns are found in both Kwomtari and Pyu:^[8]

pronoun	Pyu	Kwomtari
‘1PL, we’	məla	mena
‘2SG, you (sg)’	no	une
‘3, he/she/it/they’	na	nane

Vocabulary

The following basic vocabulary words are from Conrad & Dye (1975)^[9] and Voorhoeve (1975),^[10] as cited in the Trans-New Guinea database:^[11]

gloss	Pyu
head	uǏiʔ; wiri
hair	Ǐɩsiʔ; lisi
ear	kweɛ
eye	bəmeʔ; pɛmɛʔɛ
nose	tɛpʌǏi
tooth	rəne
tongue	asaguʔ
louse	ni; niʔ
dog	naguʔ; nakwu
pig	we; wɛʔ
bird	maǏuǏiʔ; maru
egg	Ǐio taʔ; taʔ
blood	ɛmiʔ; kami
bone	bəli; bɩǏiʔ
skin	kagole; kʌkʌǏɛʔ
breast	ib̶iʔ
tree	ga; ka
man	tali; taliʔ
woman	Ǐomæʔ
sun	agwiʔ
water	ʔiʔ; yi
fire	kamie; kʌmæ
stone	siri; sɩliʔ
road, path	ʔonæ; ʔonɛ
eat	waŋgɛʔ
one	tefiye; tɛᵽiɛʔ
two	kasi

References

^ Pyu at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
^ Eberhard, David M.; Simons, Gary F.; Fennig, Charles D., eds. (2019). "Papua New Guinea languages". Ethnologue: Languages of the World (22nd ed.). Dallas: SIL International. Archived from the original on 2019-06-03. Retrieved 2019-06-07.
^ United Nations in Papua New Guinea (2018). "Papua New Guinea Village Coordinates Lookup". Humanitarian Data Exchange. 1.31.9. Archived from the original on 2019-06-05. Retrieved 2019-06-07.
^ Zulyani Hidayah. Ensiklopedia suku bangsa di Indonesia (Edisi kedua ed.). Jakarta. ISBN 9789794619292. OCLC 913647590.
^ Szilzer, Peter J.; Clouse, Helja Heikkinen (1991). Index of Irian Jaya languages :a special publication of Irian :Peter J. Silzer, Helja Heikkinen Clouse (in Indonesian). SIL and University of Cenderawasih. Retrieved 2024-10-25.
^ "NewGuineaWorld, Arai and Samaia Rivers". Retrieved 2017-12-09.
^ Müller, André, Viveka Velupillai, Søren Wichmann, Cecil H. Brown, Eric W. Holman, Sebastian Sauppe, Pamela Brown, Harald Hammarström, Oleg Belyaev, Johann-Mattis List, Dik Bakker, Dmitri Egorov, Matthias Urban, Robert Mailhammer, Matthew S. Dryer, Evgenia Korovina, David Beck, Helen Geyer, Pattie Epps, Anthony Grant, and Pilar Valenzuela. 2013. ASJP World Language Trees of Lexical Similarity: Version 4 (October 2013) Archived 2022-03-28 at the Wayback Machine.
^ Foley, William A. (2018). "The Languages of the Sepik-Ramu Basin and Environs". In Palmer, Bill (ed.). The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide. The World of Linguistics. Vol. 4. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 197–432. ISBN 978-3-11-028642-7.
^ Conrad, Robert (Ed.); Dye, Wayne (Ed.) (2015). Conrad, Robert; Dye, Wayne (eds.). "Some Language Relationships in the Upper Sepik Region of Papua New Guinea". Summer Institute of Linguistics. doi:10.15144/PL-A40.1. Archived from the original on 2024-05-26. Retrieved 2024-05-26.
^ Voorhoeve, C.L. Languages of Irian Jaya: Checklist. Preliminary classification, language maps, wordlists. B-31, iv + 133 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1975. doi:10.15144/PL-B31
^ Greenhill, Simon (2016). "TransNewGuinea.org - database of the languages of New Guinea". Archived from the original on 2021-05-14. Retrieved 2020-11-05.

External links

Pyu language word list at TransNewGuinea.org

[e18-1] Pyu at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)

[Ethnologue22-PNG-2] Eberhard, David M.; Simons, Gary F.; Fennig, Charles D., eds. (2019). "Papua New Guinea languages". Ethnologue: Languages of the World (22nd ed.). Dallas: SIL International. Archived from the original on 2019-06-03. Retrieved 2019-06-07.

[UN-PNG-3] United Nations in Papua New Guinea (2018). "Papua New Guinea Village Coordinates Lookup". Humanitarian Data Exchange. 1.31.9. Archived from the original on 2019-06-05. Retrieved 2019-06-07.

[4] Zulyani Hidayah. Ensiklopedia suku bangsa di Indonesia (Edisi kedua ed.). Jakarta. ISBN 9789794619292. OCLC 913647590.

[ioijl-5] Szilzer, Peter J.; Clouse, Helja Heikkinen (1991). Index of Irian Jaya languages :a special publication of Irian :Peter J. Silzer, Helja Heikkinen Clouse (in Indonesian). SIL and University of Cenderawasih. Retrieved 2024-10-25.

[6] "NewGuineaWorld, Arai and Samaia Rivers". Retrieved 2017-12-09.

[ASJP-4-7] Müller, André, Viveka Velupillai, Søren Wichmann, Cecil H. Brown, Eric W. Holman, Sebastian Sauppe, Pamela Brown, Harald Hammarström, Oleg Belyaev, Johann-Mattis List, Dik Bakker, Dmitri Egorov, Matthias Urban, Robert Mailhammer, Matthew S. Dryer, Evgenia Korovina, David Beck, Helen Geyer, Pattie Epps, Anthony Grant, and Pilar Valenzuela. 2013. ASJP World Language Trees of Lexical Similarity: Version 4 (October 2013) Archived 2022-03-28 at the Wayback Machine.

[Foley-Sepik-8] Foley, William A. (2018). "The Languages of the Sepik-Ramu Basin and Environs". In Palmer, Bill (ed.). The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide. The World of Linguistics. Vol. 4. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 197–432. ISBN 978-3-11-028642-7.

[9] Conrad, Robert (Ed.); Dye, Wayne (Ed.) (2015). Conrad, Robert; Dye, Wayne (eds.). "Some Language Relationships in the Upper Sepik Region of Papua New Guinea". Summer Institute of Linguistics. doi:10.15144/PL-A40.1. Archived from the original on 2024-05-26. Retrieved 2024-05-26.

[10] Voorhoeve, C.L. Languages of Irian Jaya: Checklist. Preliminary classification, language maps, wordlists. B-31, iv + 133 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1975. doi:10.15144/PL-B31

[11] Greenhill, Simon (2016). "TransNewGuinea.org - database of the languages of New Guinea". Archived from the original on 2021-05-14. Retrieved 2020-11-05.

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Pyu language (Papuan)

Classification

Vocabulary

References

External links

Portal di Ensiklopedia Dunia