馬什龍屬

马什龙属
化石时期:侏羅紀晚期,155–152 Ma
馬什龍的重建頭骨,位於猶他自然歷史博物館英语Natural History Museum of Utah
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 蜥形纲 Sauropsida
总目: 恐龍總目 Dinosauria
目: 蜥臀目 Saurischia
亚目: 獸腳亞目 Theropoda
科: 皮亚尼兹基龙科 Piatnitzkysauridae
属: 马什龙属 Marshosaurus
Madsen, 1976
模式種
兩百年馬什龍
Marshosaurus bicentesimus

Madsen, 1976

馬什龍屬名:Marshosaurus)是一中等身型的獸腳亞目恐龍,頭骨長60公分,身長估計有5-6米長。

馬什龍的想像圖

正模標本包括三到四個個體的部份骨骼,發現於美國猶他州科羅拉多州莫里遜組,地質年代估計是屬於侏羅紀晚期啟莫里階,距今約1億5500萬年至1億5000萬年前。正模標本是個左腸骨,發現於猶他州的克利夫蘭勞埃德採石場

牠的化石顯示牠的手臂短但強壯。身體骨骼的特徵則表示了牠是屬於鳥獸腳類,這是一類外形像鳥類的獸腳亞目,如暴龍迅猛龍異特龍等。科學家們並不肯定馬什龍的分類,有可能是屬於肉食龍下目虛骨龍類。在2009年,R.B.J. Benson研究斑龍的新標本,建立出新的斑龍超科研究,將馬什龍歸類於斑龍超科[1]

模式種兩百年馬什龍M. bicentesimus),是由詹姆斯·麥迪遜(James H. Madsen, Jr.)在1976年命名。屬名是為紀念奧塞內爾·查利斯·馬什(Othniel Charles Marsh),他於骨頭大戰中發現了很多恐龍化石;種名則是紀念當時為美國建立200周年[2]

古生物學

馬什龍的右腸骨有因病理造成的變形跡象,可能導因於受傷造成的因素。另一個標本的肋骨也有病理跡象[3]。在2001年,布魯斯·羅斯柴爾德(Bruce Rothschild)等人發表一份獸腳類恐龍的壓力性骨折研究。他們研究5個馬什龍的腳掌骨骼,沒有發現壓力性骨折的跡象[4]

參考資料

  1. ^ Benson R.B.J, 2009. A description of Megalosaurus bucklandii (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Bathonian of the UK and the relationships of middle Jurassic theropods. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
  2. ^ Madsen, J. H. 1976. A second new theropod dinosaur from the Late Jurassic of east central Utah. Utah Geology 3(1): 51–60.
  3. ^ Molnar, R. E., 2001, Theropod paleopathology: a literature survey: In: Mesozoic Vertebrate Life, edited by Tanke, D. H., and Carpenter, K., Indiana University Press, p. 337-363.
  4. ^ Rothschild, B., Tanke, D. H., and Ford, T. L., 2001, Theropod stress fractures and tendon avulsions as a clue to activity: In: Mesozoic Vertebrate Life, edited by Tanke, D. H., and Carpenter, K., Indiana University Press, p. 331-336.

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