拉米塔龙属

拉米塔龙属
化石时期:晚白垩纪70 Ma
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 蜥形纲 Sauropsida
总目: 恐龍總目 Dinosauria
目: 蜥臀目 Saurischia
亚目: 獸腳亞目 Theropoda
科: 阿贝力龙科 Abelisauridae
亚科: 食肉牛龙亚科 Carnotaurinae
属: 拉米塔龙属 Lametasaurus
Matley,1932
模式種
印度拉米塔龙
Lametasaurus indicus

Matley,1932

拉米塔龍名:Lametasaurus)意為「拉米塔的蜥蜴」,化石包含:一個腸骨、至少五節薦椎、一個脛骨、以及一些牙齒與鱗甲[1],發現於印度查謨-克什米爾邦賈巴爾普爾附近,屬於拉米塔組(Lameta Formation),地質年代為馬斯垂克階。拉米塔龍一度被認為是個嵌合體,目前被認為是種四足肉食性動物[2]

在1917年到1919年,印度古生物學家查爾斯·馬特里(Charles Alfred Matley)在賈巴爾普爾附近挖掘化石[3]。在1921年,他宣布發現兩個獸腳類恐龍的化石,屬於斑龍類[4]。數年後,他將其中一個化石命名為模式種印度拉米塔龍L. indicus)。屬名是以發現化石的拉米塔組為名;種名則是以印度為名。之後查爾斯·馬特里改變看法,認為拉米塔龍不是獸腳類恐龍,而屬於劍龍下目,可能是Omosaurus(目前的銳龍)的一種;在當時的分類裡,劍龍下目包含許多有裝甲恐龍,例如甲龍類恐龍[3]。在1933年,弗雷德里克·馮·休尼與馬特里將一些由巴納姆·布郎(Barnum Brown)發現的化石歸類於拉米塔龍[3],這些化石被認為是一個部分尾槌[5],之後被發現是一個大型皮內成骨[3]

在1933年,有研究人員提出拉米塔龍的標本是個嵌合體,由數種動物的化石組成;鱗甲可能來自於泰坦巨龍類,牙齒來自於鱷魚,腸骨與薦骨、脛骨則來自於獸腳類恐龍,但是薦骨已經遺失[6]。在1964年,艾力克·沃克(Alick Walker)選定鱗甲為選模標本,因此模式標本不包含骨頭與牙齒[7]。目前拉米塔龍僅限於這些鱗甲化石,通常被認為是種結節龍科恐龍。在2003年,其他研究人員提出骨盆與脛骨可能屬於勝王龍[8]。在2008年,Matthew Carrano提出這些鱗甲不屬於甲龍類,而可能來自於泰坦巨龍類、阿貝力龍科;如果是阿貝利龍科的話,那拉米塔龍將不是嵌合體,而可能是勝王龍或印度龍次異名[9]

部分模式標本已經遺失,而且沒有博物館保管編號,難以重新檢驗。拉米塔龍目前的狀態是個疑名,不再是個有效的分類單元[10]

參考資料

  1. ^ Matley, C.A., 1923, "Note on an armoured dinosaur from the Lameta beds of Jubbulpore", Records of the Geological Survey of India, 55: 105-109
  2. ^ Bervoets, Fred. Lametasaurus Indicus. Dino Data. [04/23/12]. (原始内容存档于2013-03-17). 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Carrano, M.T., J.A. Wilson, P.M. Barrett, 2010, "The history of dinosaur collecting in central India since 1828", In: Moody, R.T.J., E. Buffetaut, D. Naish, and D.M. Martill (eds.), Dinosaurs and Other Extinct Saurians: A Historical Perspective. Geological Society, London, Special Publications 343: 161–173
  4. ^ Matley, C.A., 1921, "On the stratigraphy, fossils and geological relationships of the Lameta beds of Jubbulpore", Records of the Geological Survey of India 53: 142–169
  5. ^ Huene, F. von, & Matley, C.A., 1933, "The Cretaceous Saurischia and Ornithischia of the central provinces of India", Palaeontologia Indica, 21: 1–74
  6. ^ Chakravarti, D.K., 1935, "Is Lametasaurus indicus an armored dinosaur?", American Journal of Science 30(5): 138-141
  7. ^ Walker, A., 1964, "Triassic reptiles from the Elgin area: Ornithosuchus and the origin of carnosaurs", Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 248: 53-134
  8. ^ J.A. Wilson, P.C. Sereno, S. Srivastava, D.K. Bhatt, A. Khosla and A. Sahni, 2003, "A new abelisaurid (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from the Lameta Formation (Cretaceous, Maastrichtian) of India", Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 31(1): 1-42
  9. ^ M.T. Carrano and S.D. Sampson, 2008, "The phylogeny of Ceratosauria (Dinosauria: Theropoda)", Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 6(2): 183-236
  10. ^ F.E. Novas, S. Chatterjee, D.K. Rudra and P.M. Datta, 2010, "Rahiolisaurus gujaratensis, n. gen. n. sp., a new abelisaurid theropod from the Late Cretaceous of India". In: S. Badyopadhyay (ed.), New Aspects of Mesozoic Biodiversity. Lecture Notes in Earth Sciences 132, pp. 45-62

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