April 4
Day of the year
April 4 is the 94th day of the year (95th in leap years ) in the Gregorian calendar ; 271 days remain until the end of the year.
Events
Pre-1600
1609 – Moriscos are expelled from the Kingdom of Valencia .[ 9] 1660 – Declaration of Breda by King Charles II of Great Britain promises, among other things, a general pardon to all royalists and opponents of the monarchy for crimes committed during the English Civil War and the Interregnum .[ 10] 1796 – Georges Cuvier delivers the first paleontological lecture.[ 11] 1814 – Napoleon abdicates (conditionally) for the first time and names his son Napoleon II as Emperor of the French , followed by unconditional abdication two days later.[ 12] 1818 – The United States Congress , affirming the Second Continental Congress , adopts the flag of the United States with 13 red and white stripes and one star for each state (20 at that time).[ 13] 1841 – William Henry Harrison dies of pneumonia , becoming the first President of the United States to die in office, and setting the record for the briefest administration. Vice President John Tyler succeeds Harrison as President.[ 14] 1860 – The declaration on the introduction of the Finnish markka as an official currency is read in different parts of the Grand Duchy of Finland .[ 15] 1865 – American Civil War : A day after Union forces capture Richmond, Virginia , U.S. President Abraham Lincoln visits the Confederate capital.[ 16] 1866 – Alexander II of Russia narrowly escapes an assassination attempt by Dmitry Karakozov in the city of Saint Petersburg .[ 17] 1887 – Argonia, Kansas elects Susanna M. Salter as the first female mayor in the United States.[ 18]
1904 – Two Ms ~7.1 earthquakes , among the largest in Europe, strikes Bulgaria, killing over 200 people and causing destruction.[ 19] 1905 – In India, an earthquake hits the Kangra Valley , killing 20,000, and destroying most buildings in Kangra , McLeod Ganj and Dharamshala .1913 – First Balkan War : Greek aviator Emmanouil Argyropoulos becomes the first pilot to die in the Hellenic Air Force when his plane crashes.1920 – The four-day Nebi Musa riots commence.[ 20] 1925 – The Schutzstaffel (SS) is founded under Adolf Hitler's Nazi Party in Germany .1933 – U.S. Navy airship USS Akron is wrecked off the New Jersey coast due to severe weather.1944 – World War II : First bombardment of oil refineries in Bucharest by Anglo-American forces kills 3,000 civilians.1945 – World War II: United States Army troops liberate Ohrdruf forced labor camp in Germany.1945 – World War II: United States Army troops capture Kassel .
1945 – World War II: Soviet Red Army troops liberate Hungary from German occupation and occupy the country themselves.
1946 – Greek judge and archeologist Panagiotis Poulitsas is appointed Prime Minister of Greece in the midst of the Greek Civil War .[ 21] 1949 – Cold War : Twelve nations sign the North Atlantic Treaty creating the North Atlantic Treaty Organization .1958 – The CND peace symbol is displayed in public for the first time in London .1960 – France agrees to grant independence to the Mali Federation , a union of Senegal and French Sudan .1963 – Bye Bye Birdie George Sidney , was released.[ 22] 1964 – The Beatles occupy the top five positions on the Billboard Hot 1001967 – Martin Luther King Jr. delivers his "Beyond Vietnam: A Time to Break Silence " speech in New York City's Riverside Church .[ 23] 1968 – Martin Luther King Jr. is assassinated by James Earl Ray at a motel in Memphis, Tennessee .1968 – Apollo program : NASA launches Apollo 6 .
1969 – Dr. Denton Cooley implants the first temporary artificial heart .1973 – The Twin Towers of the World Trade Center in New York City are officially dedicated.1973 – A Lockheed C-141 Starlifter , dubbed the Hanoi Taxi Operation Homecoming .
1975 – Microsoft is founded as a partnership between Bill Gates and Paul Allen in Albuquerque, New Mexico .1975 – Vietnam War : A United States Air Force Lockheed C-5A Galaxy transporting orphans , crashes near Saigon , South Vietnam shortly after takeoff, killing 172 people.
1977 – Southern Airways Flight 242 crashes in New Hope, Paulding County, Georgia , killing 72.[ 24] 1979 – Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto of Pakistan is executed.1981 – Iran–Iraq War : The Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force mounts an attack on H-3 Airbase and destroys about 50 Iraqi aircraft.1983 – Space Shuttle program : Space Shuttle Challenger STS-6 .[ 25] 1984 – President Ronald Reagan calls for an international ban on chemical weapons .1987 – Garuda Indonesia Flight 032 crashes at Medan Airport , killing 23.[ 26] 1988 – Governor Evan Mecham of Arizona is convicted in his impeachment trial and removed from office.1990 – The current flag of Hong Kong is adopted for post-colonial Hong Kong during the Third Session of the Seventh National People's Congress .[ 27] 1991 – Senator John Heinz of Pennsylvania and six others are killed when a helicopter collides with their airplane over an elementary school in Merion, Pennsylvania .1991 – Forty-one people are taken hostage inside a Good Guys! Electronics store in Sacramento , California . Three of the hostage takers and three hostages are killed.[ 28]
1994 – Three people are killed when KLM Cityhopper Flight 433 crashes at Amsterdam Airport Schiphol .[ 29] 1996 – Comet Hyakutake is imaged by the USA Asteroid Orbiter Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous .1997 – Space Shuttle program: Space Shuttle Columbia is launched on STS-83 . However, the mission is later cut short due to a fuel cell problem.[ 30] 2002 – The MPLA government of Angola and UNITA rebels sign a peace treaty ending the Angolan Civil War .2009 – France announces its return to full participation of its military forces within NATO .2010 – A magnitude 7.2 earthquake hits south of the Mexico-USA border , killing at least two and damaging buildings across the two countries.[ 31] 2011 – Georgian Airways Flight 834 crashes at N'djili Airport in Kinshasa , killing 32.[ 32] 2013 – 74 people are killed in a building collapse in Thane , India .[ 33] 2017 – Syria conducts an air strike on Khan Shaykhun using chemical weapons , killing 89 civilians.[ 34] 2020 – China holds a national day of mourning for martyrs who died in the fight against the novel coronavirus disease outbreak .2023 – Finland becomes a member of NATO after Turkey accepts its membership request.[ 35]
Births
Pre-1600
1640 – Gaspar Sanz , Spanish guitarist, composer, and priest (d. 1710)1646 – Antoine Galland , French orientalist and archaeologist (d. 1715)[ 38] 1648 – Grinling Gibbons , Dutch-English sculptor (d. 1721)1676 – Giuseppe Maria Orlandini , Italian composer (d. 1760)1688 – Joseph-Nicolas Delisle , French astronomer and cartographer (d. 1768)1718 – Benjamin Kennicott , English theologian and scholar (d. 1783)1752 – Niccolò Antonio Zingarelli , Italian composer (d. 1837)1760 – Juan Manuel Olivares , Venezuelan organist and composer (d. 1797)1762 – Stephen Storace , English actor and composer (d. 1796)1772 – Nachman of Breslov , Ukrainian founder of the Breslov Hasidic movement (d. 1810)1780 – Edward Hicks , American minister and painter (d. 1849)1785 – Bettina von Arnim , German author, illustrator, and composer (d. 1859)[ 39] 1792 – Thaddeus Stevens , American lawyer and politician (d. 1868)1802 – Dorothea Dix , American nurse and activist (d. 1887)[ 40] 1818 – Thomas Mayne Reid , Irish-American author and poet (d. 1883)1819 – Maria II of Portugal (d. 1853)1821 – Linus Yale Jr. , American engineer and businessman (d. 1868)1826 – Zénobe Gramme , Belgian engineer, invented the Gramme machine (d. 1901)1829 – Owen Suffolk , Australian bushranger, poet, confidence-man and author (d. ?)1835 – John Hughlings Jackson , English physician and neurologist (d. 1911)1842 – Édouard Lucas , French mathematician and theorist (d. 1891)1843 – William Henry Jackson , American painter and photographer (d. 1942)1846 – Comte de Lautréamont , Uruguayan-French poet and educator (d. 1870)1851 – James Campbell, 1st Baron Glenavy , Irish lawyer and politician (d. 1931)1853 – Remy de Gourmont , French poet, novelist, and critic (d. 1915)1868 – Philippa Fawcett , English mathematician and educator (d. 1948)1869 – Mary Colter , American architect, designed the Desert View Watchtower (d. 1958)1875 – Pierre Monteux , Sephardic Jewish French-American viola player and conductor (d. 1964)1876 – Maurice de Vlaminck , French painter and poet (d. 1958)1878 – Walter Conrad Arensberg , American art collector, critic and poet (d. 1954)[ 41] 1878 – Stylianos Lykoudis , Greek admiral and historian (d. 1958)
1879 – Gustav Goßler , German rower (d. 1940)1884 – James Alberione , Italian priest, founded the Society of St. Paul (d. 1971)1884 – Isoroku Yamamoto , Japanese admiral (d. 1943)
1886 – Frank Luther Mott , American historian and journalist (d. 1964)1888 – Tris Speaker , American baseball player and manager (d. 1958)1888 – Zdzisław Żygulski, Sr. , Polish historian and academic (d. 1975)
1889 – Makhanlal Chaturvedi , Indian journalist, poet, and playwright (d. 1968)1892 – Italo Mus , Italian painter (d. 1967)1892 – Edith Södergran , Swedish-Finnish poet (d. 1923)[ 42]
1895 – Arthur Murray , American dancer and educator (d. 1991)1896 – Robert E. Sherwood , American playwright and screenwriter (d. 1955)1897 – Pierre Fresnay , French actor and screenwriter (d. 1975)1898 – Agnes Ayres , American actress (d. 1940)1899 – Hillel Oppenheimer , German-Israeli botanist and academic (d. 1971)
1902 – Louise Lévêque de Vilmorin , French journalist and author (d. 1969)1902 – Stanley G. Weinbaum , American author and poet (d. 1935)
1905 – Eugène Bozza , French composer and conductor (d. 1991)1905 – Erika Nõva , Estonian architect and engineer (d. 1987)
1906 – Bea Benaderet , Turkish-Irish-American television, radio, and voice actress (d. 1968)1906 – John Cameron Swayze , American journalist (d. 1995)
1907 – Robert Askin , Australian sergeant and politician, 32nd Premier of New South Wales (d. 1981)1910 – Đặng Văn Ngữ , Vietnamese physician and academic (d. 1967)1913 – Dave Brown , Australian rugby league player (d. 1974)1913 – Rosemary Lane , American actress and singer (d. 1974)
1913 – Frances Langford , American actress and singer (d. 2005)
1913 – Jules Léger , Canadian lawyer and politician, 21st Governor General of Canada (d. 1980)
1913 – Muddy Waters , American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1983)
1914 – Richard Coogan , American actor (d. 2014)1914 – Marguerite Duras , French novelist, screenwriter, and director (d. 1996)
1914 – David W. Goodall , Australian ecologist and botanist (d. 2018)
1915 – Louis Archambault , Canadian sculptor (d. 2003)1916 – Nikola Ljubičić , Serbian general and politician, 10th President of Serbia (d. 2005)1916 – Mickey Owen , American baseball player and coach (d. 2005)
1916 – David White , American actor (d. 1990)
1918 – George Jellicoe, 2nd Earl Jellicoe , English soldier and politician, Leader of the House of Lords (d. 2007)1920 – Ignatius IV of Antioch , Greek patriarch (d. 2012)1921 – Orunamamu , American-Canadian author and educator (d. 2014)1921 – Elizabeth Wilson , American actress (d. 2015)
1922 – Elmer Bernstein , American composer and conductor (d. 2004)1923 – Peter Vaughan , English actor (d. 2016)1923 – Gene Reynolds , American actor, director, producer and screenwriter (d. 2020)
1924 – Bob Christie , American race car driver (d. 2009)1924 – Gil Hodges , American baseball player and manager (d. 1972)
1925 – Dettmar Cramer , German footballer and manager (d. 2015)1925 – Frank Truitt , American basketball player and coach (d. 2014)
1925 – Claude Wagner , Canadian lawyer, judge, and politician (d. 1979)
1925 – Emmett Williams , American poet and author (d. 2007)
1926 – Ronnie Masterson , Irish actress (d. 2014)1927 – Joe Orlando , Italian-American author and illustrator (d. 1998)1928 – Maya Angelou , American memoirist and poet (d. 2014)1928 – Jimmy Logan , Scottish actor, director, and producer (d. 2001)
1928 – Monty Norman , English singer-songwriter and producer (d. 2022)
1929 – Humbert Allen Astredo , American actor (d. 2016)1930 – Netty Herawaty , Indonesian actress (d. 1989)1931 – James Dickens , English politician (d. 2013)1931 – Bobby Ray Inman , American admiral and intelligence officer
1931 – Catherine Tizard , New Zealand politician, 16th Governor-General of New Zealand (d. 2021)
1932 – Clive Davis , American record producer, founded Arista Records and J Records 1932 – Richard Lugar , American lieutenant and politician, 44th Mayor of Indianapolis (d. 2019)
1932 – Anthony Perkins , American actor (d. 1992)
1932 – Johanna Reiss , Dutch-American author
1932 – Andrei Tarkovsky , Russian director and producer (d. 1986)
1933 – Bill France Jr. , American businessman (d. 2007)1933 – Brian Hewson , English runner (d. 2022)
1933 – Bapu Nadkarni , Indian cricketer (d. 2020)
1934 – Helen Hanft , American actress (d. 2013)1934 – Kronid Lyubarsky , Russian journalist and activist (d. 1996)
1935 – Geoff Braybrooke , English-New Zealand soldier and politician (d. 2013)1935 – Kenneth Mars , American actor and comedian (d. 2011)
1935 – Trevor Griffiths , English playwright and educator (d. 2024)
1938 – A. Bartlett Giamatti , American businessman and academic (d. 1989)1939 – JoAnne Carner , American golfer1939 – Darlene Hooley , American educator and politician
1939 – Hugh Masekela , South African trumpeter, flugelhornist, cornetist, composer, and singer (d. 2018)
1940 – Richard Attwood , English race car driver1940 – Sharon Sheeley , American singer-songwriter (d. 2002)
1941 – Zia Uddin , Bangladeshi Islamic scholar and politician[ 43] 1942 – Jim Fregosi , American baseball player and manager (d. 2014)1942 – Kitty Kelley , American journalist and biographer
1942 – Elizabeth Levy , American author
1944 – Magda Aelvoet , Belgian politician1944 – Mary Kenny , Irish journalist, author, and playwright
1944 – Bob McDill , American country music songwriter
1944 – Craig T. Nelson , American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
1944 – Nelson Prudêncio , Brazilian triple jumper and educator (d. 2012)
1944 – Toktamış Ateş , Turkish academician, political commentator, columnist and writer (d. 2013)
1945 – Daniel Cohn-Bendit , French-German educator and politician1945 – Caroline McWilliams , American actress (d. 2010)
1946 – Colin Coates , Australian speed skater1946 – Dave Hill , English guitarist
1946 – Katsuaki Satō , Japanese martial artist and coach
1946 – György Spiró , Hungarian author and playwright
1946 – Bubba Wyche , American football player and coach
1947 – Wiranto , Indonesian general and politician1947 – Ray Fosse , American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 2021)
1947 – Eliseo Soriano , Filipino minister and television host (d. 2021)
1948 – Abdullah Öcalan , Turkish activist1948 – Berry Oakley , American bass player (d. 1972)
1948 – Richard Parsons , American lawyer and businessman (d. 2024)[ 44]
1948 – Dan Simmons , American author
1948 – Derek Thompson , Northern Irish actor
1948 – Pick Withers , English drummer
1949 – Junior Braithwaite , Jamaican-American singer (d. 1999)1949 – Litsa Diamanti , Greek singer [ 45]
1949 – Shing-Tung Yau , Chinese-American mathematician and academic
1950 – Christine Lahti , American actress and director1951 – John Hannah , American football player and coach1952 – Rosemarie Ackermann , German high jumper1952 – Pat Burns , Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 2010)
1952 – Gregg Hansford , Australian race car driver and motorcycle racer (d. 1995)
1952 – Cherie Lunghi , English actress and dancer
1952 – Karen Magnussen , Canadian figure skater and coach
1952 – Gary Moore , Northern Irish singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (d. 2011)
1952 – Villy Søvndal , Danish educator and politician, Danish Minister of Foreign Affairs
1953 – Robert Bertrand , Canadian politician (d. 2022)1953 – Henry Fotheringham , South African cricketer
1953 – Simcha Jacobovici , Canadian director, producer, journalist, and author
1953 – Sammy Wilson , Northern Irish politician, 31st Lord Mayor of Belfast
1953 – Chen Yi , Chinese violinist and composer
1956 – Evelyn Hart , Canadian ballerina1956 – Tom Herr , American baseball player and manager
1956 – David E. Kelley , American screenwriter and producer
1957 – Paul Downton , English cricketer1957 – Aki Kaurismäki , Finnish director, producer, and screenwriter
1957 – Graeme Kelling , Scottish guitarist (d. 2004)
1957 – Nobuyoshi Kuwano , Japanese singer and trumpet player
1958 – Peter Baltes , German bass player1958 – Cazuza , Brazilian singer-songwriter (d. 1990)
1958 – Rodney Eade , Australian footballer and coach
1959 – Phil Morris , American actor and screenwriter1960 – Jonathan Agnew , English cricketer and sportscaster1960 – Jane Eaglen , English soprano
1960 – Godknows Igali , Nigerian diplomat, civil servant and technocrat
1960 – Hugo Weaving , Nigerian-Australian actor and producer
1961 – Hildi Santo-Tomas , American interior decorator1962 – Craig Adams , English bass player and songwriter1962 – Kailasho Devi , Indian social worker and politician
1963 – A. Michael Baldwin , American actor, producer, and screenwriter1963 – Jack Del Rio , American football player and coach
1963 – Dale Hawerchuk , Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 2020)
1963 – Jane McDonald , English singer and broadcaster
1963 – Graham Norton , Irish actor and talk show host
1964 – Branco , Brazilian footballer and coach1964 – Dr. Chud , American drummer and singer
1964 – Anthony Clark , American actor
1964 – David Cross , American actor, producer, and screenwriter
1964 – Satoshi Furukawa , Japanese surgeon and astronaut[ 46]
1964 – Paul Parker , England international footballer and TV pundit[ 47]
1964 – Đặng Thân , Vietnamese writer and poet
1965 – Vinny Burns , English guitarist and producer1965 – Robert Downey Jr. , American actor, producer, and screenwriter.[ 48]
1966 – Nancy McKeon , American actress1966 – Mike Starr , American bass player (d. 2011)
1966 – Christos Tsekos , Greek basketball player
1967 – Edith Masai , Kenyan-German runner1967 – George Mavrotas , Greek water polo player and politician
1968 – Jesús Rollán , Spanish water polo player (d. 2006)1969 – Piotr Anderszewski , Polish pianist and composer1969 – Karren Brady , English journalist and businesswoman
1970 – Georgios Amanatidis , Greek footballer and manager1970 – Dimitris Basis , Greek singer [ 49]
1970 – Greg Garcia , American director, producer, and screenwriter
1970 – Barry Pepper , Canadian actor and producer
1970 – Jason Stoltenberg , Australian tennis player
1970 – Josh Todd , American singer-songwriter and actor
1970 – Yelena Yelesina , Russian high jumper
1971 – Yanic Perreault , Canadian ice hockey player and coach1971 – Malik Yusef , American actor, producer, and poet
1971 – John Zandig , American wrestler and promoter
1972 – Jim Dymock , Australian rugby league player and coach1972 – Martin Rundkvist , Swedish archaeologist and professor[ 50]
1972 – Jill Scott , American singer-songwriter and actress
1972 – Magnus Sveningsson , Swedish bass player
1973 – Chris Banks , American football player (d. 2014)1973 – David Blaine , American magician and producer
1973 – Loris Capirossi , Italian motorcycle racer
1973 – Peter Hoekstra , Dutch footballer and coach
1973 – Chris McCormack , Australian triathlete and coach
1973 – Kelly Price , American singer-songwriter
1975 – Delphine Arnault , French businesswoman1975 – Thobias Fredriksson , Swedish skier
1975 – Joyce Giraud , Puerto Rican television actress and producer, Miss Puerto Rico 1994
1975 – Pamela Ribon , American actress, screenwriter, and author
1975 – Miranda Lee Richards , American singer-songwriter
1975 – Scott Rolen , American baseball player
1975 – Kevin Weekes , Canadian ice hockey player and sportscaster
1976 – Nathan Blacklock , Australian rugby player1976 – Sébastien Enjolras , French race car driver (d. 1997)
1976 – Emerson Ferreira da Rosa , Brazilian footballer
1976 – James Roday , American actor, director, and screenwriter
1977 – Stephan Bonnar , American mixed martial artist (d. 2022)1977 – Keith Bulluck , American football player and sportscaster
1977 – Adam Dutkiewicz , American guitarist, songwriter, and producer
1977 – Stephen Mulhern , English magician and television host
1977 – Omarr Smith , American football player and coach
1978 – Jason Ellison , American baseball player and scout1978 – Alan Mahon , Irish footballer
1979 – Heath Ledger , Australian actor (d. 2008)1979 – Roberto Luongo , Canadian ice hockey player
1979 – Natasha Lyonne , American actress
1979 – Andy McKee , American guitarist
1979 – Maksim Opalev , Russian canoeist[ 51]
1980 – Johnny Borrell , English singer-songwriter and guitarist1980 – Trevor Moore , American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2021)
1980 – Eric Steinbach , American football player
1980 – Björn Wirdheim , Swedish race car driver
1981 – Currensy , American rapper1981 – Eduardo Luís Carloto , Brazilian footballer
1981 – Casey Daigle , American baseball player
1981 – Anna Pyatykh , Russian triple jumper[ 52]
1981 – Ned Vizzini , American author and screenwriter (d. 2013)
1982 – Justin Cook , American voice actor and producer1982 – Magnus Lindgren , Swedish chef (d. 2012)
1983 – Evgeny Artyukhin , Russian ice hockey player1983 – Eric André , American comedian[ 53]
1983 – Ben Gordon , American basketball player
1983 – Doug Lynch , Canadian ice hockey player
1983 – Natalie Pike , Scottish-English model and actress
1983 – Amanda Righetti , American actress
1984 – Sean May , American basketball player1984 – Arkady Vyatchanin , Russian swimmer
1985 – Rudy Fernández , Spanish basketball player1985 – Dudi Sela , Israeli tennis player
1985 – Ricardo Vilar , Brazilian footballer
1986 – Eunhyuk , South Korean singer-songwriter and dancer1986 – Cameron Barker , Canadian ice hockey player
1986 – Maurice Manificat , French skier
1986 – Aiden McGeady , Scottish-born Irish footballer
1986 – Alexander Tettey , Norwegian footballer
1987 – Sami Khedira , German footballer1987 – McDonald Mariga , Kenyan footballer
1987 – Cameron Maybin , American baseball player
1987 – Marcos Vellidis , Greek footballer
1987 – Sarah Gadon , Canadian actress
1988 – Frank Fielding , English footballer1989 – Vurnon Anita , Dutch footballer1989 – Steven Finn , English cricketer[ 54]
1989 – Chris Herd , Australian footballer[ 55]
1991 – Yui Koike , Japanese singer and actress1991 – Asia Muhammad , American tennis player[ 56]
1991 – Justin O'Neill , Australian rugby league player
1991 – Martín Pérez , Venezuelan baseball player[ 57]
1991 – Jamie Lynn Spears , American actress and singer
1991 – Marlon Stöckinger , Filipino race car driver[ 58]
1992 – Lucy May Barker , English actress and singer1992 – Ricky Dillon , American YouTuber and singer
1993 – Samir Carruthers , English footballer1993 – Frank Kaminsky , American basketball player
1994 – Shunsuke Nishikawa , Japanese actor1994 – Risako Sugaya , Japanese singer and actress
1996 – Austin Mahone , American singer-songwriter and actor2001 – Anzor Alem , Congolese actor and singer[ 59] 2003 – Harvey Elliott , English footballer[ 60]
Deaths
Pre-1600
397 – Ambrose , Roman archbishop and saint (b. 338)636 – Isidore of Seville , Spanish archbishop and saint (b. 560)814 – Plato of Sakkoudion , Byzantine monk and saint (b. 735)896 – Formosus , pope of the Catholic Church (b. 816)911 – Liu Yin , Chinese warlord and governor (b. 874)931 – Kong Xun , Chinese official and governor (b. 884)968 – Abu Firas al-Hamdani , Arab prince and poet (b. 932)991 – Reginold , bishop of Eichstätt[ 61] 1284 – Alfonso X , king of Castile and León (b. 1221)1292 – Nicholas IV , pope of the Catholic Church (b. 1227)1406 – Robert III , king of Scotland (b. 1337)[ 62] 1483 – Henry Bourchier, 1st Earl of Essex (b. c. 1405)1536 – Frederick I, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach (b. 1460)1538 – Elena Glinskaya , Grand Princess and regent of Russia1588 – Frederick II , king of Denmark and Norway (b. 1534)1589 – Benedict the Moor , Sicilian Franciscan friar and saint (b. 1526) 1 1596 – Philip II, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen (b. 1533)
1609 – Carolus Clusius , Flemish botanist, mycologist, and academic (b. 1526)1617 – John Napier , Scottish mathematician, physicist, and astronomer (b. 1550)1643 – Simon Episcopius , Dutch theologian and academic (b. 1583)1661 – Alexander Leslie, 1st Earl of Leven , Scottish field marshal (b. 1580)1743 – Daniel Neal , English historian and author (b. 1678)1761 – Théodore Gardelle , Swiss painter (b. 1722)1766 – John Taylor , English librarian and scholar (b. 1704)1774 – Oliver Goldsmith , Irish novelist, playwright and poet (b. 1728)1792 – James Sykes , American lawyer and politician (b. 1725)1807 – Jérôme Lalande , French astronomer and academic (b. 1732)1817 – André Masséna , French general (b. 1758)1841 – William Henry Harrison , American general and politician, 9th President of the United States (b. 1773)1846 – Solomon Sibley , American lawyer and politician, 1st Mayor of Detroit (b. 1769)1861 – John McLean , American jurist and politician, 6th United States Postmaster General (b. 1785)1863 – Ludwig Emil Grimm , German painter and engraver (b. 1790)1864 – Joseph Pitty Couthouy , American commander and paleontologist (b. 1808)1870 – Heinrich Gustav Magnus , German chemist and physicist (b. 1802)1874 – Charles Ernest Beulé , French archaeologist and politician (b. 1826)1875 – Karl Mauch , German geographer and explorer (b. 1837)1878 – Richard M. Brewer , American criminal (b. 1850)1879 – Heinrich Wilhelm Dove , German physicist and meteorologist (b. 1803)1883 – Peter Cooper , American businessman and philanthropist, founded Cooper Union (b. 1791)1890 – Pierre-Joseph-Olivier Chauveau , Canadian lawyer and politician, 1st Premier of Quebec (b. 1820)1890 – Edmond Hébert , French geologist and academic (b. 1812)
1912 – Charles Brantley Aycock , American lawyer and politician, 50th Governor of North Carolina (b. 1859)1912 – Isaac K. Funk , American minister, lexicographer, and publisher, co-founded Funk & Wagnalls (b. 1839)
1913 – Emmanouil Argyropoulos , Greek pioneer aviator (b. 1889) [ 63] 1913 – Konstantinos Manos , Greek politician, poet, soldier and sportsman (b. 1869)[ 64]
1919 – William Crookes , English chemist and physicist (b. 1832)1919 – Francisco Marto , Portuguese saint (b. 1908)
1923 – John Venn , English mathematician and philosopher, created the Venn diagram (b. 1834)1928 – Konstantinos Maleas , Greek painter (b. 1879) [ 65] 1929 – Karl Benz , German engineer and businessman, founded Mercedes-Benz (b. 1844)1931 – André Michelin , French businessman, co-founded the Michelin Tyre Company (b. 1853)1932 – Wilhelm Ostwald , Latvian-German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1853)1933 – Elizabeth Bacon Custer , American author and educator (b. 1842)1944 – Morris H. Whitehouse , American architect (b. 1878)[ 66] 1951 – George Albert Smith , American religious leader, 8th President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (b. 1870)1953 – Carol II of Romania (b. 1893)1957 – E. Herbert Norman , Canadian historian and diplomat (b. 1909)1958 – Johnny Stompanato , American soldier and bodyguard (b. 1925)1961 – Harald Riipalu , Estonian military commander (b. 1912)1961 – Simion Stoilow , Romanian mathematician and academic (b. 1873)
1963 – Oskari Tokoi , Finnish socialist and the Chairman of the Senate of Finland (b. 1873)[ 67] 1967 – Al Lewis , American songwriter (b. 1901)1967 – Héctor Scarone , Uruguayan footballer and manager (b. 1898)
1968 – Martin Luther King Jr. , American minister and activist, Nobel Prize laureate (assassinated ) (b. 1929)1972 – Adam Clayton Powell Jr. , American pastor and politician (b. 1908)1972 – Stefan Wolpe , German-American composer and academic (b. 1902)
1976 – Harry Nyquist , Swedish engineer and theorist (b. 1889)1977 – Andrey Dikiy , Ukrainian-American journalist, historian, and politician (b. 1893)1979 – Zulfikar Ali Bhutto , Pakistani lawyer and politician, 4th President of Pakistan (b. 1928)1979 – Edgar Buchanan , American actor (b. 1903)
1980 – Red Sovine , American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1917)1983 – Gloria Swanson , American actress (b. 1899)1983 – Bernard Vukas , Croatian football player, played for 1953 FIFA's "Rest of the World" team against England at Wembley (b. 1927)
1984 – Oleg Antonov , Russian-Ukrainian engineer and businessman, founded Antonov Design Bureau (b. 1906)[ 68] 1985 – Kate Roberts , Welsh author and activist (b. 1891)1987 – C. L. Moore , American author and academic (b. 1911)1987 – Chögyam Trungpa , Tibetan guru, poet, and scholar (b. 1939)
1987 – Sachchidananda Vatsyayan , Indian journalist and author (b. 1911)
1991 – Edmund Adamkiewicz , German footballer (b. 1920)1991 – Max Frisch , Swiss playwright and novelist (b. 1911)
1991 – H. John Heinz III , American soldier and politician (b. 1938)
1991 – Graham Ingels , American illustrator (b. 1915)
1992 – Yvette Brind'Amour , Canadian actress and director (b. 1918)1992 – Jack Hamilton , Australian footballer (b. 1928)
1992 – Arthur Russell , American singer-songwriter and cellist (b. 1951)
1993 – Alfred Mosher Butts , American game designer, invented Scrabble (b. 1899)1993 – Douglas Leopold , Canadian radio and television host (b. 1947)
1995 – Kenny Everett , English radio and television host (b. 1944)1995 – Priscilla Lane , American actress (b. 1915)
1996 – Barney Ewell , American runner and long jumper (b. 1918)1996 – Boone Guyton , American lieutenant and pilot (b. 1913)
1997 – Leo Picard , German-Israeli geologist and academic (b. 1900)1997 – Alparslan Türkeş , Turkish colonel and politician, 39th Deputy Prime Minister of Turkey (b. 1917)
1999 – Lucille Lortel , American actress, artistic director and producer (b. 1900)1999 – Early Wynn , American baseball player and sportscaster (b. 1920)
2001 – Liisi Oterma , Finnish astronomer (b. 1915)2001 – Ed Roth , American illustrator and engineer (b. 1932)
2001 – Maury Van Vliet , American-Canadian academic (b. 1913)
2003 – Anthony Caruso , American actor (b. 1916)2004 – Briek Schotte , Belgian cyclist and coach (b. 1919)2005 – Edward Bronfman , Canadian businessman and philanthropist (b. 1924)2007 – Bob Clark , American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1941)2007 – Karen Spärck Jones , English computer scientist and academic (b. 1935)
2008 – Francis Tucker , South African race car driver (b. 1923)2009 – Maxine Cooper , American actress, activist and photographer (b. 1924)2011 – Scott Columbus , American drummer (b. 1956)2011 – Ned McWherter , American politician, 46th Governor of Tennessee (b. 1930)[ 69]
2011 – Juliano Mer-Khamis , Israeli actor, director, and activist (b. 1958)
2012 – A. Dean Byrd , American psychologist and academic (b. 1948)2012 – Dimitris Christoulas , Greek pensioner who committed suicide in public (b. 1935) [ 70]
2012 – Anne Karin Elstad , Norwegian author and educator (b. 1938)
2012 – Claude Miller , French director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1942)
2012 – Dubravko Pavličić , Croatian footballer (b. 1967)
2012 – Roberto Rexach Benítez , Puerto Rican academic and politician, 10th President of the Senate of Puerto Rico (b. 1929)
2013 – Bengt Blomgren , Swedish actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1923)2013 – Roger Ebert , American journalist, critic, and screenwriter (b. 1942)
2013 – Carmine Infantino , American illustrator (b. 1925)
2013 – Tommy Tycho , Hungarian-Australian pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1928)
2013 – Ian Walsh , Australian rugby player and coach (b. 1933)
2013 – Noboru Yamaguchi , Japanese author (b. 1972)
2014 – İsmet Atlı , Turkish wrestler and trainer (b. 1931)2014 – Wayne Henderson , American trombonist and producer (b. 1939)
2014 – Kumba Ialá , Bissau-Guinean soldier and politician, President of Guinea-Bissau (b. 1953)
2014 – Margo MacDonald , Scottish journalist and politician (b. 1943)[ 71]
2014 – Curtis Bill Pepper , American journalist and author (b. 1917)
2014 – Muhammad Qutb , Egyptian author and academic (b. 1919)
2015 – Jamaluddin Jarjis , Malaysian engineer and politician (b. 1951)2015 – Elmer Lach , Canadian ice hockey player and coach (b. 1918)
2015 – Donald N. Levine , American sociologist and academic (b. 1931)
2015 – Klaus Rifbjerg , Danish author and poet (b. 1931)
2016 – Chus Lampreave , Spanish actress (b. 1930)2024 – Lynne Reid Banks , British author (b. 1929)[ 72] 2024 – Thomas Gumbleton , American Roman Catholic prelate (b. 1930)[ 73]
2024 – Pat Zachry , American baseball player (b. 1952)[ 74]
Holidays and observances
References
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