September 9
Day of the year
September 9 is the 252nd day of the year (253rd in leap years ) in the Gregorian calendar ; 113 days remain until the end of the year.
Events
Pre-1600
337 – Constantine II , Constantius II , and Constans succeed their father Constantine I as co-emperors. The Roman Empire is divided between the three Augusti .[ 1] [ 2] 1000 – Battle of Svolder , Viking Age .[ 3] 1141 – Yelü Dashi , the Liao dynasty general who founded the Qara Khitai , defeats the Seljuq and Kara-Khanid forces at the Battle of Qatwan .1320 – In the Battle of Saint George , the Byzantines under Andronikos Asen ambush and defeat the forces of the Principality of Achaea , securing possession of Arcadia .1488 – Anne becomes sovereign Duchess of Brittany , becoming a central figure in the struggle for influence that leads to the union of Brittany and France .1493 – Battle of Krbava Field , a decisive defeat of Croats in Croatian struggle against the invasion by the Ottoman Empire .1493 – Christopher Columbus , with 17 ships and 1,200 men, sails on second voyage from Cadiz.[ 4]
1499 – The citizens of Lisbon celebrate the triumphal return of the explorer Vasco de Gama , completing his two-year journey around the Cape of Good Hope to India.[ 5] 1513 – James IV of Scotland is defeated and dies in the Battle of Flodden , ending Scotland's involvement in the War of the League of Cambrai .1543 – Mary Stuart , at nine months old, is crowned "Queen of Scots " in the central Scottish town of Stirling .1561 – The ultimately unsuccessful Colloquy of Poissy opens in an effort to reconcile French Catholics and Protestants .1588 – Thomas Cavendish in his ship Desire Plymouth and completes the first deliberately planned voyage of circumnavigation .[ 6]
1914 – World War I : The creation of the Canadian Automobile Machine Gun Brigade , the first fully mechanized unit in the British Army.1922 – The Greco-Turkish War effectively ends with Turkish victory over the Greeks in Smyrna .1923 – Mustafa Kemal Atatürk , the founder of the Republic of Turkey , founds the Republican People's Party .1924 – Hanapepe massacre occurs on Kauai , Hawaii.1936 – The crews of Portuguese Navy frigate NRP Afonso de Albuquerque and destroyer Dão mutinied against the Salazar dictatorship 's support of General Franco 's coup and declared their solidarity with the Spanish Republic .1939 – World War II : The Battle of Hel begins, the longest-defended pocket of Polish Army resistance during the German invasion of Poland .1939 – Burmese national hero U Ottama dies in prison after a hunger strike to protest Britain's colonial government .
1940 – George Stibitz pioneers the first remote operation of a computer.1940 – Treznea Massacre in Transylvania .
1942 – World War II: A Japanese floatplane drops incendiary bombs on Oregon .1943 – World War II: The Allies land at Salerno and Taranto , Italy.1944 – World War II: The Fatherland Front takes power in Bulgaria through a military coup in the capital and armed rebellion in the country. A new pro-Soviet government is established.1945 – Second Sino-Japanese War : The Empire of Japan formally surrenders to China .1947 – First case of a computer bug being found: A moth lodges in a relay of a Harvard Mark II computer at Harvard University .1948 – Kim Il Sung declares the establishment of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea).1954 – The 6.7 Mw Chlef earthquake shakes northern Algeria with a maximum Mercalli intensity of XI (Extreme ). At least 1,243 people were killed and 5,000 were injured.1956 – Elvis Presley appears on The Ed Sullivan Show 1965 – The United States Department of Housing and Urban Development is established.1965 – Hurricane Betsy makes its second landfall near New Orleans , leaving 76 dead and $1.42 billion ($10–12 billion in 2005 dollars) in damages, becoming the first hurricane to cause over $1 billion in unadjusted damage.
1966 – The National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act is signed into law by U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson .1969 – In Canada, the Official Languages Act comes into force, making French equal to English throughout the Federal government.1969 – Allegheny Airlines Flight 863 collides in mid-air with a Piper PA-28 Cherokee over Moral Township, Shelby County, Indiana , killing all 83 people on board both aircraft.[ 10]
1970 – A British airliner is hijacked by the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine and flown to Dawson's Field in Jordan .1971 – The four-day Attica Prison riot begins, eventually resulting in 39 dead, most killed by state troopers retaking the prison .1972 – In Kentucky 's Mammoth Cave National Park , a Cave Research Foundation exploration and mapping team discovers a link between the Mammoth and Flint Ridge cave systems, making it the longest known cave passageway in the world.1976 – Two Aeroflot flights collide in mid-air over Anapa , Soviet Union, killing 70.[ 11] 1988 – Vietnam Airlines Flight 831 crashes in Khu Khot , Thailand, while on approach to Don Muang International Airport , killing 76.[ 12] 1990 – Batticaloa massacre : Massacre of 184 Tamil civilians by the Sri Lankan Army in Batticaloa District .1991 – Tajikistan declares independence from the Soviet Union .1993 – Israeli–Palestinian peace process : The Palestine Liberation Organization officially recognizes Israel as a legitimate state.1994 – Space Shuttle program : Space Shuttle Discovery is launched on STS-64 .[ 13] 2001 – Ahmad Shah Massoud , leader of the Northern Alliance , is assassinated in Afghanistan by two al-Qaeda assassins who claimed to be Arab journalists wanting an interview.2006 – Space Shuttle Program: Space Shuttle Atlantis is launched on STS-115 to resume assembling the International Space Station . It is the first ISS assembly mission after the Columbia disaster[ 14] 2009 – The Dubai Metro , the first urban train network in the Arabian Peninsula , is ceremonially inaugurated.2012 – The Indian space agency puts into orbit its heaviest foreign satellite yet, in a streak of 21 consecutive successful PSLV launches.2012 – A wave of attacks kills more than 100 people and injure 350 others across Iraq .
2014 – The album Songs of Innocence by U2 is digitally released at no charge to all customers of the iTunes Music Store , appearing automatically in the "purchased" section of over 500 million users worldwide.[ 15] 2015 – Elizabeth II becomes the longest reigning monarch of the United Kingdom .2016 – The government of North Korea conducts its fifth and reportedly biggest nuclear test . World leaders condemn the act, with South Korea calling it "maniacal recklessness".
Births
Pre-1600
1629 – Cornelis Tromp , Dutch general (d. 1691)[ 19] 1700 – Princess Anna Sophie of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt (d. 1780)1711 – Thomas Hutchinson , English historian and politician, Governor of the province of Massachusetts Bay (d. 1780)[ 20] 1721 – Fredrik Henrik af Chapman , Swedish admiral and shipbuilder (d. 1808)1731 – Francisco Javier Clavijero , Mexican priest, historian, and scholar (d. 1787)[ 21] 1737 – Luigi Galvani , Italian physician and physicist (d. 1798)[ 22] 1754 – William Bligh , English admiral and politician, 4th Governor of New South Wales (d. 1817)[ 23] 1755 – Benjamin Bourne , American judge and politician (d. 1808)[ 24] 1777 – James Carr , American soldier and politician (d. 1818)1778 – Clemens Brentano , German poet and author (d. 1842)[ 25] 1789 – Menachem Mendel Schneersohn , Polish rabbi (d. 1866)1807 – Richard Chenevix Trench , Irish-English archbishop and philologist (d. 1886)1823 – Joseph Leidy , American paleontologist and academic (d. 1891)[ 26] 1828 – Leo Tolstoy , Russian author and playwright (d. 1910)[ 27] 1834 – Joseph Henry Shorthouse , English author (d. 1903)[ 28] 1853 – Fred Spofforth , Australian-English cricketer and merchant (d. 1926)[ 29] 1855 – Houston Stewart Chamberlain , English-German philosopher and author (d. 1927)[ 30] 1863 – Herbert Henry Ball , English-Canadian journalist and politician (d. 1943)1868 – Mary Hunter Austin , American author, poet, and critic (d. 1934)[ 31] 1873 – Max Reinhardt , Austrian-born American theater and film director (d. 1943)[ 32] 1876 – Frank Chance , American baseball player and manager (d. 1924)[ 33] 1877 – James Agate , English journalist, author, and critic (d. 1947)[ 34] 1878 – Adelaide Crapsey , American poet and critic (d. 1914)[ 35] 1878 – Arthur Fox , English-American fencer (d. 1958)
1878 – Sergio Osmeña , Filipino lawyer and politician, 4th President of the Philippines (d. 1961)[ 36]
1882 – Clem McCarthy , American sportscaster (d. 1962)[ 37] 1885 – Miriam Licette , English soprano and educator (d. 1969)1885 – Clare Sheridan , English sculptor and author (d. 1970)[ 38]
1887 – Alf Landon , American lieutenant, banker, and politician, 26th Governor of Kansas (d. 1987)[ 39] 1890 – Colonel Sanders , American businessman, founded KFC (d. 1980)[ 40] 1894 – Arthur Freed , American composer and producer (d. 1973)[ 41] 1894 – Humphrey Mitchell , Canadian trade union leader and politician, 14th Canadian Minister of Labour (d. 1950)[ 42]
1894 – Bert Oldfield , Australian cricketer and soldier (d. 1976)[ 43]
1898 – Frankie Frisch , American baseball player and manager (d. 1973)[ 44] 1899 – Neil Hamilton , American stage, film and television actor (d. 1984)[ 45] 1899 – Waite Hoyt , American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 1984)[ 46]
1899 – Bruno E. Jacob , American academic, founded the National Forensic League (d. 1979)
1900 – James Hilton , English-American author and screenwriter (d. 1954)[ 47]
1903 – Lev Shankovsky , Ukrainian military historian (d. 1995)[ 48] [ 49] 1903 – Edward Upward , English author (d. 2009)[ 50]
1903 – Phyllis A. Whitney , American author (d. 2008)[ 51]
1904 – Feroze Khan , Indian-Pakistani field hockey player and coach (d. 2005)1904 – Arthur Laing , Canadian lawyer and politician, 9th Canadian Minister of Veterans Affairs (d. 1975)
1905 – Joseph E. Levine , American film producer, founded Embassy Pictures (d. 1987)[ 52] 1905 – Brahmarishi Hussain Sha , Indian philosopher and poet (d. 1981)
1906 – Ali Hadi Bara , Iranian-Turkish sculptor and educator (d. 1971)1907 – Leon Edel , American author and critic (d. 1997)[ 53] 1908 – Cesare Pavese , Italian poet and author (d. 1950)[ 54] 1908 – Shigekazu Shimazaki , Japanese admiral (d. 1945)
1911 – Paul Goodman , American author, poet, and playwright (d. 1972)1911 – John Gorton , Australian lieutenant and politician, 19th Prime Minister of Australia (d. 2002)[ 55]
1914 – John Passmore , Australian philosopher and academic (d. 2004)[ 56] 1918 – Oscar Luigi Scalfaro , Italian lawyer and politician, 9th President of Italy (d. 2012)[ 57] 1919 – Gottfried Dienst , Swiss footballer and referee (d. 1998)1919 – Jimmy Snyder , American sportscaster (d. 1996)[ 58]
1920 – Neil Chotem , Canadian pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 2008)[ 59] 1920 – Feng Kang , Chinese mathematician and physicist (d. 1993)[ 60]
1920 – Robert Wood Johnson III , American businessman and philanthropist (d. 1970)
1922 – Hoyt Curtin , American composer and producer (d. 2000)1922 – Hans Georg Dehmelt , German-American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2017)[ 61]
1922 – Manolis Glezos , Greek journalist and politician (d. 2020)[ 62]
1922 – Warwick Estevam Kerr , Brazilian geneticist, entomologist, and engineer (d. 2018)[ 63]
1923 – Daniel Carleton Gajdusek , American physician and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2008)[ 64] 1923 – Cliff Robertson , American actor (d. 2011)[ 65]
1924 – Jane Greer , American actress (d. 2001)[ 66] 1924 – Sylvia Miles , American actress (d. 2019)[ 67]
1924 – Russell M. Nelson , American captain, surgeon, and religious leader[ 68]
1924 – Rik Van Steenbergen , Belgian cyclist (d. 2003)[ 69]
1926 – Louise Abeita , Isleta Pueblo (Native American) writer, poet, and educator (d. 2014)1926 – Yusuf al-Qaradawi , Egyptian theologian and author[ 70]
1927 – Elvin Jones , American drummer and bandleader (d. 2004)[ 71] 1927 – Tatyana Zaslavskaya , Russian sociologist and economist (d. 2013)
1928 – Moses Anderson , American Roman Catholic bishop (d. 2013)[ 72] 1928 – Sol LeWitt , American painter and sculptor (d. 2007)[ 73]
1929 – Claude Nougaro , French singer-songwriter (d. 2004)[ 74] 1930 – Francis Carroll , Australian archbishop[ 75] 1931 – Robin Hyman , English author and publisher (d. 2017)1931 – Zoltán Latinovits , Hungarian actor and author (d. 1976)
1931 – Ida Mae Martinez , American wrestler (d. 2010)[ 76]
1931 – Shirley Summerskill , English physician and politician
1931 – Margaret Tyzack , English actress (d. 2011)[ 77]
1932 – Carm Lino Spiteri , Maltese architect and politician (d. 2008)[ 78] 1934 – Nicholas Liverpool , Dominican lawyer and politician, 6th President of Dominica (d. 2015)[ 79] 1934 – Sonia Sanchez , American poet, playwright, and activist[ 80]
1935 – Gopal Baratham , Singaporean neurosurgeon and author (d. 2002)1935 – Nadim Sawalha , Jordanian-born English actor
1935 – Chaim Topol , Israeli actor, singer, and producer (d. 2023)[ 81]
1936 – William Bradshaw, Baron Bradshaw , English academic and politician1938 – John Davis , English anthropologist and academic (d. 2017)1938 – Jay Ward , American baseball player, coach, and manager (d. 2012)
1939 – Ron McDole , American football player1940 – Hugh Morgan , Australian businessman1940 – Joe Negroni , American doo-wop singer (d. 1978)
1941 – Syed Abid Ali , Indian cricketer1941 – Otis Redding , American singer-songwriter and producer (d. 1967)[ 82]
1941 – Dennis Ritchie , American computer scientist, created the C programming language (d. 2011)[ 83]
1942 – The Iron Sheik , Iranian-American wrestler and actor (d. 2023)[ 84] 1942 – Inez Foxx , American singer[ 85]
1942 – Danny Kalb , American singer and guitarist (d. 2022)
1943 – Frank Clark , English footballer, manager and chairman1945 – Ton van Heugten , Dutch motocross racer (d. 2008)[ 86] 1945 – Dee Dee Sharp , American singer[ 87]
1945 – Doug Ingle , American singer-songwriter and keyboard player (d. 2024)[ 88]
1946 – Jim Keays , Scottish-Australian singer-songwriter (d. 2014)[ 89] 1946 – Bruce Palmer , Canadian folk-rock bass player (d. 2004)[ 90]
1947 – David Rosenboom , American composer and educator1947 – Freddy Weller , American singer-songwriter and guitarist
1947 – T. M. Wright , American author, poet, and illustrator (d. 2015)
1949 – John Curry , English figure skater (d. 1994)[ 91] 1949 – Daniel Pipes , American historian and author
1949 – Joe Theismann , American football player and sportscaster[ 92]
1949 – Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono , Indonesian general and politician, 6th President of Indonesia [ 93]
1950 – Gogi Alauddin , Pakistani squash player and coach1950 – John McFee , American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer[ 94]
1951 – Alexander Downer , Australian economist and politician, 34th Minister of Foreign Affairs for Australia [ 95] 1951 – Tom Wopat , American actor and singer[ 94]
1952 – Angela Cartwright , English-American actress, author, and singer[ 96] 1952 – Per Jørgensen , Norwegian singer and trumpet player[ 97]
1952 – Dave Stewart , English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer[ 98]
1953 – Janet Fielding , Australian actress[ 99] 1954 – Walter Davis , American basketball player (d. 2023)[ 100] 1955 – John Kricfalusi , Canadian voice actor, animator, director, and screenwriter[ 101] 1957 – Pierre-Laurent Aimard , French pianist and educator1959 – Tom Foley , American baseball player and coach1959 – Éric Serra , French composer and producer
1960 – Hugh Grant , English actor and producer[ 102] 1960 – Bob Hartley , Canadian ice hockey player and coach
1960 – Johnson Righeira , Italian singer-songwriter, musician, record producer and actor
1960 – Bob Stoops , American football player and coach
1960 – Kimberly Willis Holt , American author[ 103]
1963 – Chris Coons , American lawyer and politician[ 104] 1963 – Roberto Donadoni , Italian footballer and manager
1963 – Neil Fairbrother , English cricketer[ 105]
1964 – Aleksandar Hemon , Bosnian-American author and critic[ 106] 1964 – Skip Kendall , American golfer
1965 – Charles Esten , American actor, comedian, and musician[ 94] 1965 – Dan Majerle , American basketball player and coach
1965 – Constance Marie , American actress[ 94]
1965 – Marcel Peeper , Dutch footballer
1966 – Georg Hackl , German luger and coach[ 107] 1966 – Kevin Hatcher , American ice hockey player
1966 – Adam Sandler , American actor, comedian, producer, and screenwriter[ 108]
1966 – Brian Smith , Australian-Irish rugby player and coach
1967 – B. J. Armstrong , American basketball player and sportscaster1967 – Chris Caffery , American singer-songwriter and guitarist[ 109]
1967 – Mark Shrader , American wrestler[ 110] [ 111]
1967 – Akshay Kumar , Indian actor and producer[ 112]
1968 – Jon Drummond , American sprinter and coach1968 – Clive Mendonca , English footballer
1968 – Julia Sawalha , English actress
1969 – Rachel Hunter , New Zealand model and actress[ 94] 1969 – Natasha Stott Despoja , Australian politician[ 113]
1970 – Natalia Streignard , Spanish-Venezuelan actress[ 114] 1971 – Eric Stonestreet , American actor[ 94] 1971 – Henry Thomas , American actor and guitarist[ 94]
1972 – Mike Hampton , American baseball player and coach1972 – Natasha Kaplinsky , English journalist
1972 – Jakko Jan Leeuwangh , Dutch speed skater
1972 – Miriam Oremans , Dutch tennis player
1972 – Xavi Pascual , Spanish professional basketball coach
1972 – Félix Rodríguez , Dominican baseball player
1972 – Goran Višnjić , Croatian-American actor[ 94]
1973 – Kazuhisa Ishii , Japanese baseball player1974 – Vikram Batra , Indian captain (d. 1999)1974 – Shane Crawford , Australian footballer and television host
1974 – Marcos Curiel , American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
1974 – Jun Kasai , Japanese wrestler
1974 – Gok Wan , English fashion stylist, author, and television host
1975 – Michael Bublé , Canadian singer-songwriter and actor[ 115] 1975 – Anton Oliver , New Zealand rugby player
1976 – Emma de Caunes , French actress1976 – El Intocable , Mexican wrestler
1976 – Hanno Möttölä , Finnish basketball player
1976 – Joey Newman , American composer and conductor
1976 – Mattias Öhlund , Swedish ice hockey player[ 116]
1976 – Aki Riihilahti , Finnish footballer and coach
1976 – Kristoffer Rygg , Norwegian singer-songwriter and producer
1977 – Kyle Snyder , American baseball player and coach1977 – Fatih Tekke , Turkish footballer and manager
1978 – Kurt Ainsworth , American baseball player and businessman, co-founded Marucci Sports 1978 – Shane Battier , American basketball player and sportscaster
1979 – Wayne Carlisle , Northern Irish footballer and coach1979 – Nikki DeLoach , American actress and singer
1980 – Todd Coffey , American baseball player1980 – Václav Drobný , Czech footballer (d. 2012)
1980 – David Fa'alogo , New Zealand rugby league player
1980 – Michelle Williams , American actress[ 94]
1981 – Julie Gonzalo , Argentine-American actress1982 – John Kuhn , American football player1982 – Graham Onions , English cricketer
1982 – Ai Otsuka , Japanese singer-songwriter, pianist, and actress
1982 – Eugênio Rômulo Togni , Brazilian footballer
1983 – Vitolo , Spanish footballer1983 – Kyle Davies , American baseball player
1983 – Edwin Jackson , American baseball player
1983 – Cleveland Taylor , English footballer
1984 – Jaouad Akaddar , Moroccan footballer (d. 2012)1984 – Brad Guzan , American soccer player
1984 – James Hildreth , English cricketer
1984 – Michalis Sifakis , Greek footballer
1985 – Lior Eliyahu , Israeli basketball player[ 117] 1985 – Martin Johnson , American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
1985 – Luka Modrić , Croatian footballer
1985 – J. R. Smith , American basketball player
1986 – Michael Bowden , American baseball player1986 – Chamu Chibhabha , Zimbabwean cricketer
1986 – Timothy Granaderos , American actor and model[ 115]
1986 – Luc Mbah a Moute , Cameroonian basketball player
1986 – Keith Yandle , American hockey player
1987 – Markus Jürgenson , Estonian footballer1987 – Alexis Palisson , French rugby player
1987 – Andrea Petkovic , German tennis player
1987 – Afrojack , Dutch-Surinamese DJ, record producer, and remixer[ 118]
1987 – Ahmed Elmohamady , Egyptian footballer[ 119]
1987 – Nicole Aniston , American actress and model[ 120]
1988 – Danilo D'Ambrosio , Italian footballer1988 – Will Middlebrooks , American baseball player
1989 – Alfonzo Dennard , American football player1989 – Casey Hayward , American football player
1990 – Billy Hamilton , American baseball player[ 121] 1990 – Shaun Johnson , New Zealand rugby league player
1990 – Haley Reinhart , American singer-songwriter and actress
1990 – Andrew Smith , American basketball player (d. 2016)
1990 – Jordan Tabor , English footballer (d. 2014)
1991 – Kelsey Asbille , American actress[ 94] 1991 – Lauren Daigle , American contemporary Christian music singer and songwriter[ 122] [ 123]
1991 – Hunter Hayes , American singer-songwriter and guitarist[ 94]
1991 – Oscar , Brazilian footballer
1991 – Danilo Pereira , Bissauan-Portuguese footballer
1992 – Shannon Boyd , Australian rugby league player1992 – Damian McGinty , Northern Irish actor and singer
1992 – Kristiāns Pelšs , Latvian ice hockey player (d. 2013)
1993 – Cameron Cullen , Australian rugby league player1993 – Crazy Mary Dobson , American wrestler
1993 – Ryōhei Katō , Japanese gymnast
1993 – Sharon van Rouwendaal , Dutch swimmer
1994 – Clinton Gutherson , Australian rugby league player1996 – Gabby Williams , American-French basketball player[ 124] 1997 – Billy Bainbridge , Australian rugby league player1998 – Jordan Nwora , Nigerian-American basketball player[ 125] 2000 – Ricky Pearsall , American football player[ 126] 2001 – Hailey Van Lith , American basketball player[ 127] 2003 – Luke Hughes , American ice hockey player[ 128]
Deaths
Pre-1600
906 – Adalbert von Babenberg , Frankish nobleman1000 – Olaf I , king of Norway1031 – Kang Kam-ch'an , Korean general (b. 948)1087 – William the Conqueror , English king (b. c. 1028)[ 129] 1191 – Conrad II , duke of Bohemia1271 – Yaroslav of Tver , Russian Grand Prince (b. 1230)1282 – Ingrid of Skänninge , Swedish abbess and saint1285 – Kunigunda of Halych , queen regent of Bohemia (b. 1245)1398 – James I , king of Cyprus (b. 1334)1435 – Robert Harling , English knight1438 – Edward , king of Portugal (b. 1391)1487 – Chenghua , emperor of China (b. 1447)1488 – Francis II , duke of Brittany (b. 1433)1513 – James IV , king of Scotland (b. 1473)[ 130] 1513 – George Douglas , Scottish nobleman (b. 1469)
1513 – William Douglas of Glenbervie , Scottish nobleman (b. 1473)
1513 – William Graham, 1st Earl of Montrose , Scottish politician (b. 1464)
1513 – George Hepburn , Scottish bishop
1513 – Adam Hepburn, 2nd Earl of Bothwell , Scottish politician, Lord High Admiral of Scotland
1513 – Adam Hepburn of Craggis , Scottish nobleman
1513 – David Kennedy, 1st Earl of Cassilis , Scottish soldier (b. 1478)
1513 – Alexander Lauder of Blyth , Scottish politician
1513 – Alexander Stewart , Scottish archbishop (b. 1493)
1513 – Matthew Stewart, 2nd Earl of Lennox , Scottish politician (b. 1488)
1569 – Pieter Bruegel the Elder , Dutch painter (b. 1525)[ 131] 1583 – Humphrey Gilbert , English explorer and politician (b. 1539)1596 – Anna Jagiellon , Polish queen (b. 1523)
1603 – George Carey, 2nd Baron Hunsdon , English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Hampshire (b. 1547)1611 – Eleanor de' Medici , Italian noblewoman (b. 1567)1612 – Nakagawa Hidenari , Japanese daimyō (b. 1570)1676 – Paul de Chomedey, Sieur de Maisonneuve , French soldier, founded Montreal (b. 1612)1680 – Henry Marten , English lawyer and politician (b. 1602)1703 – Charles de Saint-Évremond , French-English soldier, author, and critic (b. 1610)[ 132] 1755 – Johann Lorenz von Mosheim , German historian and author (b. 1694)1806 – William Paterson , Irish-American judge and politician, 2nd Governor of New Jersey (b. 1745)1815 – John Singleton Copley , American-English colonial and painter (b. 1738)1834 – James Weddell , Belgian-English sailor and navigator (b. 1787)1841 – Augustin Pyramus de Candolle , Swiss botanist, mycologist, and academic (b. 1778)1891 – Jules Grévy , French politician, 4th President of the French Republic (b. 1813)1893 – Friedrich Traugott Kützing , German pharmacist, botanist and phycologist (b. 1807)1898 – Stéphane Mallarmé , French poet and critic (b. 1842)
1901 – Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec , French painter and illustrator (b. 1864)[ 133] 1907 – Ernest Wilberforce , English bishop (b. 1840)1909 – E. H. Harriman , American businessman and philanthropist (b. 1848)1910 – Lloyd Wheaton Bowers , American lawyer and politician, United States Solicitor General (b. 1859)1915 – Albert Spalding , American baseball player, manager, and businessman, co-founded Spalding (b. 1850)1923 – Hermes Rodrigues da Fonseca , Brazilian president (b. 1855)[ 134] 1934 – Roger Fry , English painter and critic (b. 1866)1941 – Hans Spemann , German embryologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1869)1942 – Adele Kurzweil , Austrian Holocaust victim (b. 1925)1943 – Carlo Bergamini , Italian admiral (b. 1888)1943 – Charles McLean Andrews , American historian, author, and academic (b. 1863)
1945 – Max Ehrmann , American poet and lawyer (b. 1872)1950 – Victor Hémery , French racing driver (b. 1876)1955 – Carl Friedberg , German pianist and educator (b. 1872)1958 – Charlie Macartney , Australian cricketer and soldier (b. 1886)1959 – Ramón Fonst , Cuban fencer (b. 1883)[ 135] 1960 – Jussi Björling , Swedish tenor (b. 1911)[ 136] 1963 – Edwin Linkomies , Finnish academic, professor and the Prime Minister of Finland (b. 1894)[ 137] 1969 – Willy Mairesse , Belgian racing driver (b. 1928)1975 – Johannes Brenner , Estonian footballer (b. 1906)1975 – John McGiver , American actor (b. 1913)
1976 – Mao Zedong , Chinese philosopher, academic, and politician, 1st Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party (b. 1893)1978 – Hugh MacDiarmid , Scottish linguist, poet, and author (b. 1892)1978 – Jack L. Warner , Canadian-American production manager and producer, co-founded Warner Bros. (b. 1892)
1979 – Norrie Paramor , English composer, conductor, and producer (b. 1914)1980 – John Howard Griffin , American journalist and author (b. 1920)1981 – Robert Askin , Australian sergeant and politician, 32nd Premier of New South Wales (b. 1907)1981 – Jacques Lacan , French psychoanalyst and psychiatrist (b. 1901)
1984 – Yılmaz Güney , Palme d'Or award-winning Kurdish film director, scenarist, actor, novelist and activist (b. 1937)[ 138] 1985 – Neil Davis , Australian photographer and journalist (b. 1934)1985 – Paul Flory , American chemist and engineer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1910)
1985 – Antonino Votto , Italian conductor (b. 1896)
1986 – Magda Tagliaferro , Brazilian pianist and educator (b. 1893)1990 – Nicola Abbagnano , Italian philosopher and academic (b. 1901)1990 – Samuel Doe , Liberian field marshal and politician, 21st President of Liberia (b. 1951)
1990 – Alexander Men , Russian priest and scholar (b. 1930)
1993 – Larry Noble , English comedian and actor (b. 1914)1993 – Helen O'Connell , American singer (b. 1920)
1994 – Patrick O'Neal , American actor (b. 1927)1996 – Bill Monroe , American singer-songwriter (b. 1911)1997 – Richie Ashburn , American baseball player and sportscaster (b. 1927)1997 – John Hackett , Australian-English general and author (b. 1910)
1997 – Burgess Meredith , American actor, director, and producer (b. 1907)
1998 – Lucio Battisti , Italian singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1943)1998 – Bill Cratty , American dancer and choreographer (b. 1951)
1999 – Arie de Vroet , Dutch footballer and manager (b. 1918)1999 – Catfish Hunter , American baseball player (b. 1946)
1999 – Ruth Roman , American actress (b. 1922)
2000 – Julian Critchley , English lawyer and politician (b. 1930)2001 – Ahmad Shah Massoud , Afghan commander and politician, Afghan Minister of Defense (b. 1953)2003 – Edward Teller , Hungarian-American physicist and academic (b. 1908)2003 – Don Willesee , Australian telegraphist and politician, 29th Australian Minister for Foreign Affairs (b. 1916)
2004 – Ernie Ball , American guitarist and businessman (b. 1930)2004 – Caitlin Clarke , American actress (b. 1952)
2006 – Gérard Brach , French director and screenwriter (b. 1927)2006 – Richard Burmer , American composer and engineer (b. 1955)
2006 – Matt Gadsby , English footballer (b. 1979)
2006 – William Bernard Ziff Jr. , American businessman, founded Ziff Davis (b. 1930)
2012 – Verghese Kurien , Indian engineer and businessman, founded Amul (b. 1921)2012 – John McCarthy , Australian footballer (b. 1989)
2012 – Mike Scarry , American football player and coach (b. 1920)
2012 – Ron Tindall , English footballer and manager (b. 1935)
2013 – Sunila Abeysekera , Sri Lankan scholar and activist (b. 1952)2013 – Alberto Bevilacqua , Italian director and screenwriter (b. 1934)
2013 – Saul Landau , American journalist, director, and author (b. 1936)
2014 – Montserrat Abelló i Soler , Spanish poet and translator (b. 1918)2014 – Firoza Begum , Bangladeshi singer (b. 1930)
2014 – Graham Joyce , English author and educator (b. 1954)[ 139]
2015 – Annemarie Bostroem , German poet, playwright, and songwriter (b. 1922)2015 – Einar H. Ingman Jr. , American sergeant, Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1929)
2015 – K. Kunaratnam , Sri Lankan physicist and academic (b. 1934)
2024 – John Cassaday , American comic book artist and writer (b. 1971)[ 140] 2024 – James Earl Jones , American actor (b. 1931)[ 141]
2024 – Caterina Valente , Italian-French singer and dancer (b. 1931)[ 142]
Holidays and observances
References
^ Potter, D. S. (2013). Constantine the Emperor ISBN 978-0-19-975586-8 OCLC 780288988 . ^ Elton, Hugh (2018). The Roman Empire in Late Antiquity: A Political and Military History 69– 70. ISBN 978-0-521-89931-4 OCLC 1046072514 . ^ Andersson, Theodore M. (2003). "Notes to the Text". The Saga of Olaf Tryggvason doi :10.7591/9781501717901 . ISBN 978-1-5017-1790-1 ^ Legrand, Jacques (1989). Chronicle of the World . Ecam Publication. p. 18. ISBN 0-13-133463-8 ^ Daniel, Clifton (1989). Chronicle of America . Chronicle publication. p. 19. ISBN 0-13-133745-9 ^ Grun, Bernard (1991). The Timetables of History ISBN 0-671-74919-6 ^ Evans Crowe, Eyre (1858). History of France volume V . Retrieved 14 December 2024 . ^ Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History . London: Century Ltd. pp. 267– 268. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2 ^ "Phytophthora infestans " . A Short History of Ireland . BBC. Archived from the original on 2012-11-13. Retrieved 2012-08-05 .^ Ranter, Harro. "ASN Aircraft accident McDonnell Douglas DC-9-31 N988VJ Fairland, IN" . aviation-safety.net . Retrieved 2022-08-30 . ^ "Столкновение над Черным морем Як-40 и Ан-24РВ" [Collision over the Black Sea Yak-40 and An-24RV]. airdisaster.ru (in Russian). Archived from the original on 2013-01-22. Retrieved 2017-12-15 .^ Ranter, Harro. "ASN Aircraft accident Tupolev Tu-134A VN-A102 Bangkok-Don Muang International Airport (BKK)" . aviation-safety.net . Retrieved 2019-01-06 . ^ Warnock, Lynda. "STS-64" . NASA. Retrieved 2021-08-15 . ^ "STS-115 MCC Status Report #01" . NASA. September 9, 2006. Archived from the original on October 13, 2006. Retrieved September 11, 2006 .^ Ingraham, Nathan (2014-09-09). "U2 releases its new album for free today exclusively on iTunes" . The Verge . Retrieved 2024-10-26 . ^ Watson, Alaric (2004). Aurelian and the Third Century ISBN 978-0-415-30187-9 ^ McEvoy, Meaghan (2013). Child Emperor Rule in the Late Roman West, AD 367–455 ISBN 978-0-19-966481-8 ^ Perkins, James B. (1900). Richelieu and the Growth of French Power . New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons. p. 20. ^ "Cornelis Tromp | Dutch admiral" . Encyclopædia Britannica . Retrieved 2021-08-30 .^ Hosmer, James Kendall (1896). The life of Thomas Hutchinson, royal governor of the province of Massachusetts Bay ^ "Clavigero, Francisco Javier (1731–1787)" . Encyclopedia of Latin American History and Culture – via Encyclopedia.com.^ "Luigi Galvani | Italian physician and physicist" . Encyclopædia Britannica . Retrieved 2021-08-30 .^ "William Bligh | English admiral" . Encyclopædia Britannica . Retrieved 2021-08-30 .^ Benjamin Bourne at the Biographical Directory of Federal Judges Federal Judicial Center .^ Murray, Christopher John (2013). Encyclopedia of the Romantic Era, 1760–1850 109– 110. ISBN 978-1-135-45579-8 ^ "Joseph Leidy – Biographical Time Line" . Academy of Natural Sciences. 2010-05-05. Archived from the original on May 5, 2010. Retrieved 2021-08-30 .^ "Leo Tolstoy | Russian writer" . Encyclopædia Britannica . Retrieved 2021-08-30 .^ "Joseph Henry Shorthouse | British writer" . Encyclopædia Britannica . Retrieved 2021-08-30 .^ Morris, Christopher, "Spofforth, Frederick Robert (Fred) (1853–1926)" , Australian Dictionary of Biography , vol. 6, Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, retrieved 2021-08-30 ^ "Houston Stewart Chamberlain | British-German political philosopher" . Encyclopædia Britannica . Retrieved 2021-08-30 .^ "Biography of Mary Hunter Austin" . New Mexico History . Retrieved 2021-08-30 .^ "Max Reinhardt | Austrian director" . Encyclopædia Britannica . Retrieved 2021-08-30 .^ Ryhal, Gregory. "Frank Chance" . Society for American Baseball Research . Retrieved 2021-08-30 . ^ "James Agate | British author" . Encyclopædia Britannica . Retrieved 2021-08-30 .^ "Adelaide Crapsey | American poet" . Encyclopædia Britannica . Retrieved 2021-08-30 .^ "Sergio Osmeña | president of Philippines" . Encyclopædia Britannica . Retrieved 2021-08-30 .^ Porter, David L. (1995). Biographical Dictionary of American Sports: 1992–1995 supplement for baseball, football, basketball, and other sports ISBN 978-0-313-28431-1 ^ "Sheridan [née Frewen], Clare Consuelo". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography doi :10.1093/ref:odnb/36064 . (Subscription or UK public library membership required.) ^ "Alf Landon | American politician" . Encyclopædia Britannica . Retrieved 2021-08-30 .^ Smith, J. Y. (December 17, 1980). "Col. Sanders, the Fried-Chicken Gentleman, Dies" . The Washington Post . ^ "Arthur Freed | American film producer" . Encyclopædia Britannica . Retrieved 2021-08-30 .^ Heron, Craig (January 24, 2008). "Humphrey Mitchell" . The Canadian Encyclopedia . ^ Cashman, R. I., "Oldfield, William Albert Stanley (Bert) (1894–1976)" , Australian Dictionary of Biography , vol. 11, Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, retrieved 2021-08-30 ^ Durso, Joseph (1973-03-13). "Frankie Frisch, 74, Dead; Baseball's Fordham Flash" . The New York Times . ISSN 0362-4331 . Retrieved 2021-08-30 . ^ Michael, Paul; Parish, James Robert (1969). The American Movies Reference Book: The Sound Era 123 . ISBN 9780130281340 ^ Wolf, Gregory H. "Waite Hoyt" . Society for American Baseball Research . Retrieved 2021-08-30 . ^ "James Hilton | English novelist" . Encyclopædia Britannica . Retrieved 2021-08-30 .^ Struk, Danylo Husar, ed. (1993). Encyclopedia of Ukraine. Volume 4, Ph–Sr ISBN 978-1-4426-3289-9 OCLC 913887148 . ^ "Shankovsky, Lev" . Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine . Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies.^ Walker, Alan (2009-02-16). "Obituary: Edward Upward" . The Guardian . Retrieved 2021-08-30 . ^ Leimbach, Dulcie (2008-02-09). "Phyllis A. Whitney, Author, Dies at 104" . The New York Times . ISSN 0362-4331 . Retrieved 2021-08-30 . ^ Jones, Jack (1987-08-01). "Self-Made Movie Mogul Joseph E. Levine, 81, Dies" . Los Angeles Times . Retrieved 2021-08-30 . ^ "Leon Edel | American critic and biographer" . Encyclopædia Britannica . Retrieved 2021-08-30 .^ "Cesare Pavese | Italian author" . Encyclopædia Britannica . Retrieved 2021-08-30 .^ "Sir John Grey Gorton | prime minister of Australia" . Encyclopædia Britannica . Retrieved 2021-08-30 .^ "John Passmore" The Telegraph . August 23, 2004. Archived from the original on 2022-01-12. Retrieved 2021-08-30 .^ Sassoon, Donald (2012-01-29). "Oscar Luigi Scalfaro obituary" . The Guardian . Retrieved 2021-08-30 . ^ Brodsky, Lauren A. "Snyder, Jimmy ("Jimmy the Greek")" . The Scribner Encyclopedia of American Lives – via Encyclopedia.com. ^ Schau, Ann (February 24, 2008). "Neil Chotem" . The Canadian Encyclopedia . Retrieved 2021-08-30 . ^ "Feng Kang" . Institute of Computational Mathematics and Scientific/Engineering Computing, Chinese Academy of Sciences . Retrieved 2019-06-15 .^ Sandomir, Richard (2017-04-09). "Hans Dehmelt, Nobel Laureate for Isolating Electrons, Dies at 94" . The New York Times . ISSN 0362-4331 . Retrieved 2021-08-30 . ^ Magra, Iliana (2020-04-01). "Manolis Glezos Dies at 97; Tore Down Nazi Flag Over Athens" . The New York Times . ISSN 0362-4331 . Retrieved 2021-08-30 . ^ Balakrishnan, Vijay Shankar (October 2, 2018). "Celebrated Brazilian Bee Scientist Warwick Kerr Dies" . The Scientist . Retrieved 2021-08-30 . ^ McNeil, Donald G. Jr. (2008-12-15). "D. Carleton Gajdusek, Who Won Nobel for Work on Brain Disease, Is Dead at 85" . The New York Times . ISSN 0362-4331 . Retrieved 2021-08-30 . ^ Keepnews, Peter; Severo, Richard (2011-09-11). "Cliff Robertson, Oscar-Winning Rebel, Dies at 88" . The New York Times . ISSN 0362-4331 . Retrieved 2021-08-30 . ^ Oliver, Myrna (August 28, 2001). "Jane Greer" . Los Angeles Times . Retrieved 2021-08-30 . ^ Smith, Harrison (2019-06-13). "Sylvia Miles, flamboyant scene-stealer with two Oscar nominations, dies at 94" . The Washington Post . ISSN 0190-8286 . Archived from the original on 2019-06-16. Retrieved 2021-07-24 . ^ "President Russell M. Nelson biography" . The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints . Retrieved 2021-08-30 .^ Fotheringham, William (2003-05-24). "Obituary: Henri Van Steenbergen" . The Guardian . Retrieved 2021-08-30 . ^ Polka, Sagi (2019). Shaykh Yusuf al-Qaradawi: Spiritual Mentor of Wasati Salafism ISBN 9780815654803 ^ "Elvin Jones Biography" . AllMusic. Retrieved 2021-08-30 .^ "Bishop Moses B Anderson SSE has died" . Archdiocese of Detroit . 2018-11-29. Archived from the original on November 29, 2018. Retrieved 2021-08-30 .^ McNay, Michael (2007-04-11). "Obituary: Sol LeWitt" . The Guardian . Retrieved 2021-08-30 . ^ Johnson, Douglas (2004-03-09). "Obituary: Claude Nougaro" . The Guardian . Retrieved 2021-08-30 . ^ "Carroll House: History" . Mater Dei Catholic College. Archived from the original on 18 October 2017. Retrieved 3 January 2012 .^ Oliver, Greg (2010-01-19). "Ida Mae Martinez was wrestler, yodeler, nurse" . Slam Wrestling . Retrieved 2021-08-30 . ^ "Margaret Tyzack" The Telegraph . June 28, 2011. Archived from the original on 2022-01-12. Retrieved 2021-08-30 .^ Scerri, Victor (18 July 2018). "Politiċi li Valletta offriet għas-servizz nazzjonali (3)" (PDF) . L-Orizzont 16– 17. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 July 2020. ^ "Nicholas Liverpool | president of Dominica" . Encyclopædia Britannica . Retrieved 2021-08-30 .^ "Sonia Sanchez, poet and sister" . African American Registry . Retrieved 2019-01-31 .^ Monaco, James; Pallot, James (1991). The Encyclopedia of Film ISBN 978-0-399-51604-7 ^ "Otis Redding | American singer" . Encyclopædia Britannica . Retrieved 2021-08-31 .^ Lohr, Steve (2011-10-14). "Dennis Ritchie, Trailblazer in Digital Era, Dies at 70" . The New York Times . ISSN 0362-4331 . Retrieved 2021-08-31 . ^ Sumner, Ben. "Hossein Vaziri, wrestling’s villainous Iron Sheik, is dead" . Washington Post
^ "Foxx, Inez And Charlie" . Oxford Reference . Retrieved 2021-08-31 .^ Koenigsbeck, Axel (2008-04-04). "Ton van Heugten verstorben" . MOTORSPORT aktuell . Archived from the original on April 4, 2008. Retrieved 2021-08-31 . ^ "Dee Dee Sharp Biography" . AllMusic. Retrieved 2021-08-31 .^ Tinoco, Armando (2024-05-26). "Doug Ingle Dies: Iron Butterfly's Founding Member & Lead Singer Was 78" . Deadline . Retrieved 2024-05-26 . ^ "Jim Keays" . The Herald Scotland . June 18, 2014. Retrieved 2021-09-01 .^ Martin, Douglas (2004-10-16). "Bruce Palmer, Buffalo Springfield Bassist, Dies at 58" . The New York Times . ISSN 0362-4331 . Retrieved 2021-09-01 . ^ Bird, Dennis L. (2011-10-22). "Obituary: John Curry" . The Independent . Retrieved 2021-09-01 . ^ "Joe Theismann Sounds Off | Washingtonian (DC)" . Washingtonian . 2007-12-01. Retrieved 2021-09-01 .^ "Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono | president of Indonesia" . Encyclopædia Britannica . Retrieved 2021-09-01 .^ a b c d e f g h i j k Rose, Mike (9 September 2022). "Today's famous birthdays list for September 9, 2022 includes celebrities Adam Sandler, Michelle Williams" . The Plain Dealer . Retrieved 7 September 2023 . ^ "Alexander Downer | Australian politician" . Encyclopædia Britannica . Retrieved 2021-09-01 .^ Leszczak, Bob (2015). From Small Screen to Vinyl: A Guide to Television Stars Who Made Records, 1950–2000 ISBN 9781442242739 ^ "Jørgensen, Per Biography – Norsk Musikkinformasjon MIC.no" .^ "Dave Stewart Biography" . AllMusic. Retrieved 2021-09-01 .^ Scott, Cavan; Wright, Mark (2018). Whoology: Doctor Who: The Official Miscellany ISBN 9781785943027 ^ "Walter Davis" . National Basketball Association . Retrieved 7 September 2023 .^ Lenburg, Jeff (2006). Who's Who in Animated Cartoons 186 –187. ISBN 1-55783-671-X . Retrieved June 29, 2016 . ^ "Hugh Grant | British actor" . Encyclopædia Britannica . Retrieved 2021-09-01 .^ "Holt, Kimberly Willis 1960–" . Contemporary Authors, New Revision Series – via Encyclopedia.com.^ "Chris Coons | United States Senator" . Encyclopædia Britannica . Retrieved 2021-09-01 .^ Bateman, Colin (1993). If The Cap Fits 66 . ISBN 1-869833-21-X ^ "Aleksandar Hemon | Bosnian American author" . Encyclopædia Britannica . Retrieved 2021-09-01 .^ "Georg Hackl | German luger" . Encyclopædia Britannica . Retrieved 2021-09-01 .^ "Adam Sandler | American comedian" . Encyclopædia Britannica . Retrieved 2021-09-01 .^ "Chris Caffery Biography" . Savatage.com. Archived from the original on January 26, 2021. Retrieved May 24, 2007 .^ Pro Wrestling Illustrated . "Statistics for Professional Wrestlers." PWI 2001 Wrestling Almanac and Book of Facts . Vol. IV. No. 1. Fort Washington, Pennsylvania: London Publishing Co., 2001. (p. 50)^ Simpson, Greg. "Mindbender's Wrestling Greats: "S" . Mindbenders Wrestling Greats . Mindbenders.ca. Archived from the original on January 29, 2016. Retrieved April 28, 2010 . ^ Sparks, Karen Jacobs, ed. (2010). Britannica Book of the Year 2010 Chicago . p. 95. ISBN 978-1-61535-366-8 OCLC 799040256 . Archived from the original on 15 July 2014. Retrieved 23 October 2016 . CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link ) ^ "Natasha Stott Despoja | Australian politician" . Encyclopædia Britannica . Retrieved 2021-09-01 .^ Telemundo ; Izturriaga, Maria Alecia; Labrada, Gisela (2007). Telemundo Presenta: Celebraciones: En casa con las estrellas de Telemundo ISBN 978-1-4165-5502-5 ^ a b "Famous birthdays for Sept. 9: Dave Stewart, Hugh Grant" . UPI . 9 September 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2023 .^ "Mattias Ohlund" . National Hockey League . Retrieved 7 September 2023 .^ "Lior Eliyahu Stats" . Basketball-Reference.com .^ "Who Is Afrojack Dating? Does He Have a Girlfriend?" . 2016-11-06.^ "Ahmed Elmohamady" . Premier League. Retrieved 2 November 2023 .^ "Nicole Aniston | Cameo" . cameo.com . Retrieved 2024-03-23 .^ "Billy Hamilton" . Major League Baseball . Retrieved 7 September 2023 .^ "Getting to Know Lauren Daigle" . KGEB-TV . Retrieved 12 September 2022 .^ "Lauren Daigle" . Apple Music . Retrieved 12 September 2022 .^ "Gabby Williams" . WNBA . Retrieved 7 September 2023 .^ "Jordan Nwora" . National Basketball Association . Retrieved 7 September 2023 .^ "Ricky Pearsall" . ESPN. Retrieved September 7, 2024 .^ Gomes, Maya. "Hailey Van Lith: Meet the athlete" . NBC Olympics . Retrieved September 7, 2024 . ^ "Luke Hughes Stats And News" . NHL.com . Retrieved September 7, 2024 .^ "William I (the Conqueror)" . Westminster Abbey . Retrieved 8 October 2022 .^ Norman Macdougall (2006). James the Fourth . p. 300.^ Orenstein, Nadine M., ed. (2001). Pieter Bruegel the Elder: Drawings and Prints The Metropolitan Museum of Art . pp. 8– 9. ISBN 978-0-87099-990-1 ^ Maber, Richard (8 January 2009). "Saint-Évremond, Charles de Marguetel de Saint-Denis de". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography doi :10.1093/ref:odnb/24482 . (Subscription or UK public library membership required.) ^ "Henri De Toulouse-Lautrec Biography" . toulouse-lautrec-foundation.org. Archived from the original on 1 November 2019. Retrieved 24 March 2015 .^ "Hermes Rodrigues da Fonseca Biography" . encyclopedia.com. Retrieved 9 September 2023 .^ "Ramón Fonst" . International Olympic Committee. Retrieved 19 April 2020 .^ Harald Henrysson; Andrew Farkas (1996). Jussi . Amadeus Press. p. 384. ISBN 9781574670103 ^ "Edwin Linkomies" . 375 Humanists . University of Helsinki . 11 February 2015. Retrieved December 31, 2021 .^ "Yılmaz Güney" .^ Priest, Christopher (10 September 2014). "Graham Joyce obituary" . The Guardian . Retrieved 19 April 2021 . ^ Gustines, George Gene (September 18, 2024). "John Cassaday, Award-Winning Comic Book Artist, Dies at 52" . The New York Times . Retrieved September 22, 2024 . ^ "James Earl Jones, acclaimed actor and voice of Darth Vader, dies at 93" . Associated Press News . 2024-09-09. Retrieved 2024-09-09 .^ Nossiter, Adam (September 23, 2024). "Caterina Valente, Singer Who Was a Star on Two Continents, Dies at 93" . The New York Times . Retrieved September 28, 2024 . ^ "The Feast Day of Blessed Frederic Ozanam" . 9 September 2019.
External links
