April 18
Day of the year
April 18 is the 108th day of the year (109th in leap years ) in the Gregorian calendar ; 257 days remain until the end of the year.
Events
Pre-1600
1902 – The 7.5 Mw Guatemala earthquake shakes Guatemala with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe ), killing between 800 and 2,000.1906 – The 7.9 Mw earthquake and fire destroy much of San Francisco , California , killing more than 3,000 people, making one of the worst natural disasters in American history.1909 – Joan of Arc is beatified in Rome.1912 – The Cunard liner RMS Carpathia brings 705 survivors from the RMS Titanic to New York City.1915 – World War I : French pilot Roland Garros is shot down and glides to a landing on the German side of the lines.1916 – World War I: During a mine warfare in high altitude on the Dolomites , the Italian troops conquer the Col di Lana held by the Austrian army.[ 4] 1930 – A fire kills 118 people at a wooden church in the small Romanian town of Costești , most of them schoolchildren, after starting during Good Friday services.[ 5] 1939 – Robert Menzies , who became Australia's longest-serving prime minister, is elected as leader of the United Australia Party after the death of Prime Minister Joseph Lyons .[ 6] 1942 – World War II : The Doolittle Raid on Japan: Tokyo, Yokohama , Kobe and Nagoya are bombed.1942 – Pierre Laval becomes Prime Minister of Vichy France .
1943 – World War II: Operation Vengeance , Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto is killed when his aircraft is shot down by U.S. fighters over Bougainville Island .1945 – World War II: Over 1,000 bombers attack the small island of Heligoland , Germany.1945 – Italian resistance movement : In Turin , despite the harsh repressive measures adopted by Nazi-fascists, a great pre-insurrectional strike begins.[ 7]
1946 – The International Court of Justice holds its inaugural meeting in The Hague , Netherlands.1946 – Jackie Robinson makes his regular season debut for the Montreal Royals of the International League , to make them the first integrated modern professional baseball team.[ 8]
1947 – The Operation Big Bang , the largest non-nuclear man-made explosion to that time, destroys bunkers and military installations on the North Sea island of Heligoland, Germany.[ 9] 1949 – The Republic of Ireland Act comes into force, declaring Éire republic and severing Ireland 's "association" with the Commonwealth of Nations .[ 10] 1954 – Gamal Abdel Nasser seizes power in Egypt .1955 – Twenty-nine nations meet at Bandung , Indonesia , for the first Asian-African Conference .1972 – East African Airways Flight 720 crashes during a rejected takeoff from Addis Ababa Bole International Airport in Addis Ababa , Ethiopia , killing 43.[ 11] 1980 – The Republic of Zimbabwe (formerly Rhodesia ) comes into being, with Canaan Banana as the country's first President. The Zimbabwean dollar replaces the Rhodesian dollar as the official currency.1980 – The town of Elmore City, Oklahoma holds its first dance in the town's history.[ 12]
1988 – The United States launches Operation Praying Mantis against Iranian naval forces in the largest naval battle since World War II.1988 – In Israel John Demjanjuk is sentenced to death for war crimes committed in World War II, although the verdict is later overturned.[ 13]
2018 – King Mswati III of Swaziland announces that his country's name will change to Eswatini .[ 14] 2018 – Anti-government protests start in Nicaragua.[ 15]
2019 – A redacted version of the Mueller report is released to the United States Congress and the public.[ 16]
Births
Pre-1600
1605 – Giacomo Carissimi , Italian priest and composer (d. 1674)1666 – Jean-Féry Rebel , French violinist and composer (d. 1747)1740 – Sir Francis Baring, 1st Baronet , English banker and politician (d. 1810)1759 – Jacques Widerkehr , French cellist and composer (d. 1823)1771 – Karl Philipp, Prince of Schwarzenberg (d. 1820)1772 – David Ricardo , British economist and politician (d. 1823)1794 – William Debenham , English founder of Debenhams (d. 1863)1813 – James McCune Smith , African-American physician, apothecary, abolitionist, and author (d. 1865)1819 – Carlos Manuel de Céspedes , Cuban lawyer and activist (d. 1874)1819 – Franz von Suppé , Austrian composer and conductor (d. 1895)
1838 – Paul-Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran , French chemist and academic (d. 1912)1854 – Ludwig Levy , German architect (d. 1907)1857 – Clarence Darrow , American lawyer (d. 1938)1858 – Dhondo Keshav Karve , Indian educator and activist, Bharat Ratna Awardee (d. 1962)1858 – Alexander Shirvanzade , Armenian playwright and author (d. 1935)
1863 – Count Leopold Berchtold , Austrian-Hungarian politician and diplomat, Joint Foreign Minister of Austria-Hungary (d. 1942)1863 – Linton Hope , English sailor and architect (d. 1920)
1863 – Siegfried Bettmann , founder of the Triumph Motorcycle Company and Mayor of Coventry (d. 1955)
1864 – Richard Harding Davis , American journalist and author (d. 1916)1874 – Ivana Brlić-Mažuranić , Croatian author and poet (d. 1938)1877 – Vicente Sotto , Filipino lawyer and politician (d. 1950)1879 – Korneli Kekelidze , Georgian philologist and scholar (d. 1962)1880 – Sam Crawford , American baseball player, coach, and umpire (d. 1968)1882 – Isaac Babalola Akinyele , Nigerian ruler (d. 1964)1882 – Leopold Stokowski , English conductor (d. 1977)
1883 – Aleksanteri Aava , Finnish poet (d. 1956)[ 18] 1884 – Jaan Anvelt , Estonian educator and politician (d. 1937)1889 – Jessie Street , Australian activist (d. 1970)[ 19] 1892 – Eugene Houdry , French-American mechanical engineer and inventor (d. 1962)1897 – Ardito Desio , Italian geologist and cartographer (d. 2001)1898 – Patrick Hennessy , Irish soldier and businessman (d. 1981)1900 – Bertha Isaacs , Bahamian teacher, tennis player, politician and women's rights activist (d. 1997)[ 20]
1901 – Al Lewis , American songwriter (d. 1967)1901 – László Németh , Hungarian dentist, author, and playwright (d. 1975)
1902 – Waldemar Hammenhög , Swedish author (d. 1972)1902 – Giuseppe Pella , Italian politician, 32nd Prime Minister of Italy (d. 1981)
1904 – Pigmeat Markham , African-American comedian, singer, and dancer (d. 1981)1905 – Sydney Halter , Canadian lawyer and businessman (d. 1990)1905 – George H. Hitchings , American physician and pharmacologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1998)
1907 – Miklós Rózsa , Hungarian-American composer and conductor (d. 1995)1911 – Maurice Goldhaber , Ukrainian-American physicist and academic (d. 2011)1914 – Claire Martin , Canadian author (d. 2014)1915 – Joy Davidman , Polish-Ukrainian American poet and author (d. 1960)1916 – Carl Burgos , American illustrator (d. 1984)1918 – Gabriel Axel , Danish-French actor, director, and producer (d. 2014)1918 – André Bazin , French critic and theorist (d. 1958)
1918 – Shinobu Hashimoto , Japanese director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2018)
1918 – Clifton Hillegass , American publisher, founded CliffsNotes
1918 – Tony Mottola , American guitarist and composer (d. 2004)
1919 – Virginia O'Brien , American actress and singer (d. 2001)1919 – Esther Afua Ocloo , Ghanaian entrepreneur and pioneer of microlending (d. 2002)
1920 – John F. Wiley , American football player and coach (d. 2013)1921 – Jean Richard , French actor and singer (d. 2001)1922 – Barbara Hale , American actress (d. 2017)1924 – Clarence "Gatemouth" Brown , American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2005)1925 – Marcus Schmuck , Austrian mountaineer and author (d. 2005)1926 – Doug Insole , English cricketer (d. 2017)1927 – Samuel P. Huntington , American political scientist, author, and academic (d. 2008)1927 – Tadeusz Mazowiecki , Polish journalist and politician, Prime Minister of Poland (d. 2013)
1928 – Karl Josef Becker , German cardinal and theologian (d. 2015)1928 – Otto Piene , German sculptor and academic (d. 2014)
1929 – Peter Hordern , English soldier and politician (d. 2024)1930 – Clive Revill , New Zealand actor and singer1931 – Bill Miles , American director and producer (d. 2013)1934 – James Drury , American actor (d. 2020)1934 – George Shirley , African-American tenor and educator
1935 – Costas Ferris , Egyptian-Greek actor, director, producer, and screenwriter1936 – Roger Graef , American-English criminologist, director, and producer (d. 2022)1936 – Vladimir Hütt , Estonian physicist and philosopher (d. 1997)
1937 – Keiko Abe , Japanese marimba player and composer[ 21] 1937 – Jan Kaplický , Czech architect, designed the Selfridges Building (d. 2009)
1939 – Glen Hardin , American pianist and arranger1939 – Thomas J. Moyer , American lawyer and judge (d. 2010)
1940 – Joseph L. Goldstein , American biochemist and geneticist, Nobel Prize laureate1940 – Mike Vickers , English guitarist, saxophonist, and songwriter
1941 – Michael D. Higgins , Irish sociologist and politician, 9th President of Ireland [ 22] 1942 – Michael Beloff , English lawyer and academic1942 – Robert Christgau , American journalist and critic
1942 – Jochen Rindt , German-Austrian racing driver (d. 1970)
1944 – Kathy Acker , American author and poet (d. 1997)1944 – Philip Jackson , Scottish sculptor and photographer
1945 – Bernard Arcand , Canadian anthropologist and author (d. 2009)1946 – Hayley Mills , English actress[ 23] 1947 – Moses Blah , Liberian general and politician, 23rd President of Liberia (d. 2013)1947 – Jerzy Stuhr , Polish actor, director, and screenwriter
1947 – James Woods , American actor and producer
1948 – Régis Wargnier , French director, producer, and screenwriter1950 – Grigory Sokolov , Russian pianist and composer1953 – Rick Moranis , Canadian-American actor, comedian, singer and screenwriter1954 – Robert Greenberg , American pianist and composer1956 – Eric Roberts , American actor[ 24] 1958 – Gabi Delgado-López , Spanish-German singer, co-founder of D.A.F. (d. 2020)1958 – Malcolm Marshall , Barbadian cricketer and coach (d. 1999)
1959 – Susan Faludi , American journalist, author and feminist[ 25] 1960 – Yelena Zhupiyeva-Vyazova , Ukrainian runner1961 – Jane Leeves , English actress and dancer1961 – John Podhoretz , American journalist and author
1962 – Jeff Dunham , American ventriloquist and comedian[ 26] 1963 – Eric McCormack , Canadian-American actor[ 24] 1963 – Conan O'Brien , American television host, comedian, and podcaster[ 27]
1964 – Niall Ferguson , Scottish historian and academic1967 – Maria Bello , American actress[ 28] 1969 – Keith DeCandido , American author1970 – Saad Hariri , Saudi Arabian-Lebanese businessman and politician, 33rd Prime Minister of Lebanon 1970 – Willie Roaf , American football player[ 29]
1971 – David Tennant , Scottish actor1972 – Rosa Clemente , American journalist and activist1972 – Eli Roth , American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
1973 – Derrick Brooks , American football player[ 30] 1973 – Haile Gebrselassie , Ethiopian runner
1974 – Edgar Wright , English filmmaker[ 31] 1976 – Melissa Joan Hart , American actress[ 32] 1979 – Kourtney Kardashian , American television personality[ 33] 1981 – Audrey Tang , Taiwanese computer scientist and academic1983 – Miguel Cabrera , Venezuelan baseball player[ 34] 1984 – America Ferrera , American actress[ 35] 1985 – Łukasz Fabiański , Polish footballer[ 36] 1986 – Tina Bru , Norwegian politician[ 37] 1988 – Vanessa Kirby , English actress[ 38] 1989 – Jessica Jung , South Korean-American singer, songwriter, actress, author, fashion designer and businesswoman[ 39] 1989 – Alia Shawkat , American actress[ 40]
1990 – Wojciech Szczęsny , Polish footballer[ 41] 1992 – Chloe Bennet , American actress[ 42] 1993 – Mika Zibanejad , Swedish ice hockey player[ 43] 1994 – Aminé , American singer-songwriter[ 44] 1995 – Divock Origi , Belgian footballer[ 45] 1996 – Ski Mask the Slump God , American rapper[ 46] 2001 – PinkPantheress , English singer, songwriter, and record producer[ 47]
Deaths
Pre-1600
727 – Agallianos Kontoskeles , Byzantine commander and rebel leader850 – Perfectus , Spanish monk and martyr [ 48] 909 – Dionysius II , Syriac Orthodox patriarch of Antioch 943 – Fujiwara no Atsutada , Japanese nobleman and poet (b. 906)963 – Stephen Lekapenos , co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire [ 49] 1161 – Theobald of Bec , French-English archbishop (b. 1090)1176 – Galdino della Sala , Italian archdeacon and saint1430 – John III, Count of Nassau-Siegen , German count[ 50] 1552 – John Leland , English poet and historian (b. 1502)[ 51] 1555 – Polydore Vergil , English historian (b. 1470)[ 52] 1556 – Luigi Alamanni , Italian poet and politician (b. 1495)1567 – Wilhelm von Grumbach , German adventurer (b. 1503)1587 – John Foxe , English historian and author (b. 1516)[ 53]
1636 – Julius Caesar , English judge and politician (b. 1557)1650 – Simonds d'Ewes , English lawyer and politician (b. 1602)1674 – John Graunt , English demographer and statistician (b. 1620)1689 – George Jeffreys, 1st Baron Jeffreys , Welsh judge and politician, Lord Chancellor of Great Britain (b. 1648)1732 – Louis Feuillée , French astronomer, geographer, and botanist (b. 1660)1742 – Arvid Horn , Swedish general and politician (b. 1664)[ 54] 1763 – Marie-Josephte Corriveau , Canadian murderer (b. 1733)1794 – Charles Pratt, 1st Earl Camden , English lawyer, judge, and politician, Lord Chancellor of Great Britain (b. 1714)1796 – Johan Wilcke , Swedish physicist and academic (b. 1732)1802 – Erasmus Darwin , English physician and botanist (b. 1731)1832 – Jeanne-Elisabeth Chaudet , French painter (b. 1761)1859 – Tatya Tope , Indian general (b. 1814)1864 – Juris Alunāns , Latvian philologist and linguist (b. 1832)1873 – Justus von Liebig , German chemist and academic (b. 1803)1890 – Paweł Bryliński , Polish sculptor (b. 1814)[ 55] 1898 – Gustave Moreau , French painter and academic (b. 1826)
1906 – Luis Martín , Spanish religious leader, 24th Superior-General of the Society of Jesus (b. 1846)1912 – Martha Ripley , American physician (b. 1843)[ 56] 1917 – Vladimir Serbsky , Russian psychiatrist and academic (b. 1858)1923 – Savina Petrilli , Italian religious leader (b. 1851)[ 57] [ 58] [ 59] 1936 – Milton Brown , American singer and bandleader (b. 1903)1936 – Ottorino Respighi , Italian composer and conductor (b. 1879)
1938 – George Bryant , American archer (b. 1878)1942 – Aleksander Mitt , Estonian speed skater (b. 1903)1942 – Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney , American heiress, sculptor and art collector, founded the Whitney Museum of American Art (b. 1875)
1943 – Isoroku Yamamoto , Japanese admiral (b. 1884)1945 – John Ambrose Fleming , English physicist and engineer, invented the vacuum tube (b. 1849)1945 – Ernie Pyle , American journalist and soldier (b. 1900)
1947 – Jozef Tiso , Slovak priest and politician, President of Slovakia (b. 1887)1951 – Óscar Carmona , Portuguese field marshal and politician, 11th President of Portugal (b. 1869)1955 – Albert Einstein , German-American physicist, engineer, and academic (b. 1879)1958 – Maurice Gamelin , Belgian-French general (b. 1872)1963 – Meyer Jacobstein , American academic and politician (b. 1880)1964 – Ben Hecht , American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1894)1965 – Guillermo González Camarena , Mexican engineer (b. 1917)1974 – Marcel Pagnol , French author, playwright, and director (b. 1895)1988 – Oktay Rıfat Horozcu , Turkish poet and playwright (b. 1914)1995 – Arturo Frondizi , Argentinian lawyer and politician, 32nd President of Argentina (b. 1908)2002 – Thor Heyerdahl , Norwegian ethnographer and explorer (b. 1914)[ 60] 2004 – Kamisese Mara , Fijian politician, 2nd President of Fiji (b. 1920)2008 – Germaine Tillion , French ethnologist and anthropologist (b. 1907)2012 – Dick Clark , American television host and producer, founded Dick Clark Productions (b. 1929)2012 – René Lépine , Canadian businessman and philanthropist (b. 1929)
2012 – Robert O. Ragland , American musician (b. 1931)[ 61]
2012 – K. D. Wentworth , American author (b. 1951)
2013 – Goran Švob , Croatian philosopher and author (b. 1947)2013 – Anne Williams , English activist (b. 1951)
2014 – Guru Dhanapal , Indian director and producer (b. 1959)2014 – Sanford Jay Frank , American screenwriter and producer (b. 1954)
2014 – Brian Priestman , English conductor and academic (b. 1927)
2019 – Lyra McKee , Irish journalist (b. 1990)[ 62] 2022 – Harrison Birtwistle , British composer (b. 1934)[ 63] 2024 – Crandell Addington , American Hall of Fame poker player. (death announced on this date) (b. 1938)[ 64] 2024 – Dickey Betts , American guitarist, singer, songwriter and composer (b. 1943)[ 65]
2024 – Mandisa , American gospel singer (b. 1976)[ 66]
Holidays and observances
References
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External links
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