List of Rosales of South Africa

Rosales is an order of flowering plants.[1] It is sister taxon to a clade consisting of Fagales and Cucurbitales.[2] The basal clade consists of the family Rosaceae; another clade consists of four families, including Rhamnaceae; and the third clade consists of the four urticalean families.[3] The order Rosales is strongly supported as monophyletic in phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences.[4]

The anthophytes are a grouping of plant taxa bearing flower-like reproductive structures. They were formerly thought to be a clade comprising plants bearing flower-like structures. The group contained the angiosperms - the extant flowering plants, such as roses and grasses - as well as the Gnetales and the extinct Bennettitales.[5]

23,420 species of vascular plant have been recorded in South Africa, making it the sixth most species-rich country in the world and the most species-rich country on the African continent. Of these, 153 species are considered to be threatened.[6] Nine biomes have been described in South Africa: Fynbos, Succulent Karoo, desert, Nama Karoo, grassland, savanna, Albany thickets, the Indian Ocean coastal belt, and forests.[7]

The 2018 South African National Biodiversity Institute's National Biodiversity Assessment plant checklist lists 35,130 taxa in the phyla Anthocerotophyta (hornworts (6)), Anthophyta (flowering plants (33534)), Bryophyta (mosses (685)), Cycadophyta (cycads (42)), Lycopodiophyta (Lycophytes(45)), Marchantiophyta (liverworts (376)), Pinophyta (conifers (33)), and Pteridophyta (cryptogams (408)).[8]

Six families are represented in the literature. Listed taxa include species, subspecies, varieties, and forms as recorded, some of which have subsequently been allocated to other taxa as synonyms, in which cases the accepted taxon is appended to the listing. Multiple entries under alternative names reflect taxonomic revision over time.

Cannabaceae

Cannabis

Genus Cannabis:[8]

  • Cannabis sativa L. not indigenous, naturalised
    • Cannabis sativa L. var. indica (Lam.) Wehmer, not indigenous, naturalised
    • Cannabis sativa L. var. sativa, not indigenous, naturalised
    • Cannabis sativa L. var. spontanea Vavilov, not indigenous, naturalised

Celtis

Genus Celtis:[8]

Chaetachme

Genus Chaetachme:[8]

Trema

Genus Trema:[8]

Moraceae

Ficus

Genus Ficus:[8]

Maclura

Genus Maclura:[8]

Morus

Genus Morus:[8]

  • Morus alba L. not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
    • Morus alba L. var. alba, not indigenous, naturalised
  • Morus japonica Audib. not indigenous, naturalised
  • Morus mesozygia Stapf ex A.Chev. indigenous

Sycomorus

Genus Sycomorus:[8]

Trilepisium

Genus Trilepisium:[8]

Rhamnaceae

Berchemia

Genus Berchemia:[8]

Colubrina

Genus Colubrina:[8]

Helinus

Genus Helinus:[8]

Lasiodiscus

Genus Lasiodiscus:[8]

Noltea

Genus Noltea:[8]

Phylica

Genus Phylica:[8]

Rhamnus

Genus Rhamnus:[8]

Scutia

Genus Scutia:[8]

Trichocephalus

Genus Trichocephalus:[8]

Ziziphus

Genus Ziziphus:[8]

Rosaceae

Acaena

Genus Acaena:[8]

Agrimonia

Genus Agrimonia:[8]

Alchemilla

Genus Alchemilla:[8]

Cliffortia

Genus Cliffortia:[8]

Cotoneaster

Genus Cotoneaster:[8]

Crataegus

Genus Crataegus:[8]

Cydonia

Genus Cydonia:[8]

Duchesnea

Genus Duchesnea:[8]

Eriobotrya

Genus Eriobotrya:[8]

Fragaria

Genus Fragaria:[8]

Geum

Genus Geum:[8]

Leucosidea

Genus Leucosidea:[8]

Potentilla

Genus Potentilla:[8]

Prunus

Genus Prunus:[8]

  • Prunus africana (Hook.f.) Kalkman, indigenous
  • Prunus persica (L.) Batsch, not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
    • Prunus persica (L.) Batsch var. persica, accepted as Prunus persica (L.) Batsch, not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
  • Prunus salicifolia Kunth, not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasive
  • Prunus serotina Ehrh. not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
    • Prunus serotina Ehrh. var. serotina, not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasive

Pyracantha

Genus Pyracantha:[8]

Pyrus

Genus Pyrus:[8]

Rhaphiolepis

Genus Rhaphiolepis:[8]

Rosa

Genus Rosa:[8]

  • Rosa eglanteria L. accepted as Rosa rubiginosa L. present
  • Rosa multiflora Thunb. not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasive
    • Rosa multiflora Thunb. ex J.Murray var. cathayensis Rehder & E.H.Wilson, not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasive
    • Rosa multiflora Thunb. ex J.Murray var. welchii, not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasive
  • Rosa rubiginosa L. not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
  • Rosa x odorata (Andrews) Sweet, not indigenous, naturalised

Rubus

Genus Rubus:[8]

Sanguisorba

Genus Sanguisorba:[8]

  • Sanguisorba minor Scop. not indigenous, naturalised
    • Sanguisorba minor Scop. subsp. muricata Briq. not indigenous, naturalised

Ulmaceae

Ulmus

Genus Ulmus:[8]

Urticaceae

Didymodoxa

Genus Didymodoxa:[8]

  • Didymodoxa caffra (Thunb.) Friis & Wilmot-Dear, indigenous
  • Didymodoxa capensis (L.f.) Friis & Wilmot-Dear, indigenous
    • Didymodoxa capensis (L.f.) Friis & Wilmot-Dear var. capensis, indigenous
    • Didymodoxa capensis (L.f.) Friis & Wilmot-Dear var. integrifolia (Wedd.) Friis & Wilmot-Dear, endemic

Droguetia

Genus Droguetia:[8]

  • Droguetia ambigua Wedd. endemic
  • Droguetia iners (Forssk.) Schweinf. indigenous
    • Droguetia iners (Forssk.) Schweinf. subsp. burchellii (N.E.Br.) Friis & Wilmot-Dear, endemic
    • Droguetia iners (Forssk.) Schweinf. subsp. iners, indigenous

Forsskaolea

Genus Forsskaolea:[8]

Girardinia

Genus Girardinia:[8]

Laportea

Genus Laportea:[8]

Obetia

Genus Obetia:[8]

Parietaria

Genus Parietaria:[8]

Pilea

Genus Pilea:[8]

Pouzolzia

Genus Pouzolzia:[8]

Urera

Genus Urera:[8]

Urtica

Genus Urtica:[8]

References

  1. ^ Stevens, Peter F. (2001). "Rosales". www.mobot.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved 10 November 2020.
  2. ^ Hengchang Wang; Michael J. Moore; Pamela S. Soltis; Charles D. Bell; Samuel F. Brockington; Roolse Alexandre; Charles C. Davis; Maribeth Latvis; Steven R. Manchester; Douglas E. Soltis (10 March 2009). "Rosid radiation and the rapid rise of angiosperm-dominated forests". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 106 (10): 3853–3858. Bibcode:2009PNAS..106.3853W. doi:10.1073/pnas.0813376106. PMC 2644257. PMID 19223592.
  3. ^ Douglas E. Soltis, et alii. (28 authors) (2011). "Angiosperm Phylogeny: 17 genes, 640 taxa". American Journal of Botany. 98 (4): 704–730. doi:10.3732/ajb.1000404. hdl:2027.42/142064. PMID 21613169.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  4. ^ Judd, Walter S.; Campbell, Christopher S.; Kellogg, Elizabeth A.; Stevens, Peter F.; Donoghue, Michael J. (2008). Plant Systematics: A Phylogenetic Approach (Third ed.). Sunderland, MA, USA.: Sinauer Associates. ISBN 978-0-87893-407-2.
  5. ^ Doyle, J. A.; Donoghue, M. J. (1986). "Seed plant phylogeny and the origin of the angiosperms - an experimental cladistic approach". Botanical Review. 52 (4): 321–431. doi:10.1007/bf02861082. S2CID 44844947.
  6. ^ Butler, Rhett A. (1 July 2019). "Total number of plant species by country". Mongabay. Retrieved 21 July 2019.
  7. ^ "Vegetation of South Africa". PlantZAfrica.com. SA National Biodiversity Institute. Retrieved 24 July 2019.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf "species_checklist_20180710.csv". South African National Biodiversity Institute. Retrieved 27 September 2020.

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