List of marine heterobranch gastropods of South Africa
List of saltwater mollusc species that form a part of the molluscan fauna of South Africa
Map of the Southern African coastline showing some of the landmarks referred to in species range statements The list of marine heterobranch gastropods of South Africa is a list of saltwater mollusc species that form a part of the molluscan fauna of South Africa . This list does not include the land or freshwater molluscs.
This is a sub-list of the list of marine gastropods of South Africa , which is in turn a sub-list of the list of marine molluscs of South Africa .
Heterobranchia heterobranchs (meaning "different-gilled snails"), is a taxonomic clade of snails and slugs , which includes marine , aquatic , and terrestrial gastropod molluscs .
Heterobranchia is one of the main clades of gastropods. Currently Heterobranchia comprises three informal groups: the lower heterobranchs , the opisthobranchs , and the pulmonates . (Full article...
Heterobranchia
Architectonicidae
Siphonariidae - False limpets
Ringiculidae
Acteonidae
Acteon fortis [ 3] Acteon flammeus [ 3] Acteon pudicus [ 3] Rictaxis albis [ 3] Japonacteon sp. [ 3] Pupa affinis [ 3] Pupa niecaensis [ 3] Pupa solidula [ 3] Pupa sulcata [ 3] Pupa suturalis [ 3] Pupa tessellata [ 3] Bullinidae
Hydatinidae
Cylichnidae
Cylichnella agulhasensis [ 3] Cylichnella meridionalis [ 3] Cylichnella miniscula [ 3] Cylichnella natalensis [ 3] Cylichnella nitens [ 3] Cylichnella smithi [ 3] Cylichna africana [ 3] Cylichna bistriata [ 3] Cylichna dulcis [ 3] Cylichna nitens [ 3] Cylichna remissa [ 3] Cylichna tubulosa [ 3] Scaphander punctostriatus [ 3] Retusidae
Philinidae
Gastropteridae
Aglajidae
Haminoeidae
Runcinidae
Bullidae
Limacinidae
Cavoliniidae
Cavolinia gibbosa [ 3] Cavolinia globosa [ 3] Cavolinia inflexa [ 3] Cavolinia tridentata [ 3] Clio andreae [ 3] Clio chaptalii [ 3] Clio cuspidata [ 3] Clio pyramidata [ 3] Creseis acicula [ 3] Creseis virgula [ 3] Cuvierina columnella [ 3] Diacria quadridentata [ 3] Diacria trispinosa [ 3] Styliola subula [ 3] Peraclididae
Cymbuliidae
Desmopteridae
Clionidae
Pneumodermatidae
Akeridae
Aplysiidae
Oxynoidae
Juliidae
Volvatellidae
Placobranchidae
Limapontiidae
Caliphyllidae
Hermaeidae
Umbraculidae
Pleurobranchidae
Berthella plumula [ 3] Berthella tupala [ 3] Berthella sp. [ 3] Lemon pleurobranch Berthellina citrina [ 1] [ 3]
Lemon pleurobranch Berthellina granulata [ 4] [ 5] B. citrina )
Euselenops luniceps [ 3] Pleurobranchaea algoensis [ 3] Pleurobranchaea brockii [ 3] Pleurobranchaea melanopus [ 3] Pleurobranchaea pleurobrancheana [ 3] Dwarf warty pleurobranch Pleurobranchaea tarda [ 3] [ 4] [ 5]
Warty pleurobranch Pleurobranchaea bubala [ 1] [ 3] [ 4] [ 5]
Pleurobranchella nicobarica [ 3] Mosaic pleurobranch Pleurobranchus albiguttatus [ 4] [ 5]
Pleurobranchus disceptus [ 3] Pleurobranchus inhacae [ 3] Pleurobranchus moebii [ 3] Pleurobranchus nigropunctatus [ 3] Pleurobranchus papillosa [ 3] Pleurobranchus peroni [ 3] Pleurobranchus perrieri [ 3] Pleurobranchus sculptata [ 3] Pleurobranchus xhosa [ 3] Bathydorididae
Dorididae
Aldisa benguelae [ 3] Three-spot nudibranch Aldisa trimaculata [ 3] [ 4] [ 5]
?Alloiodoris inhacae [ 3]
Archidoris capensis [ 3] Archidoris scripta [ 3] Rugby ball dorid or Spined dorid Atagema rugosa [ 3] [ 4] [ 5]
Atagema gibba [ 3] Warty dorid Doris verrucosa [ 1] [ 3] [ 4] [ 5]
Doris granosa [ 3] Doris spp. (2)[ 3] Doriopsis pecten [ 3] ? Ocellate dorid Gargamella sp.1 [ 3] [ 5]
?Gargamella sp.2 [ 3]
Velvet dorid Jorunna tomentosa [ 3] [ 5]
Dotted nudibranch Jorunna zania [ 1] [ 3] The following four species are listed as incertae sedis by Gosliner:[ 3]
Actinocyclidae
Chromodorididae
Saddled nudibranch Cadlina sp.1 [ 3] [ 5] Brown-dotted nudibranch Cadlina sp.2 [ 3] [ 4] [ 5] Cadlina sp.3 [ 3] Cadlina sp.4[ 3]
Cadlinella ornatissima [ 9] Ceratosoma cornigerum [ 3] Inkspot nudibranch or Lipstick nudibranch Ceratosoma ingozi [ 3] [ 4] [ 5]
Ceratosoma tenue [ 9] Chromodoris africana [ 3] [ 9] Chromodoris albolimbata [ 3] Chromodoris alderi [ 3] Polka-dot chromodorid Chromodoris annulata [ 1] [ 3]
Chromodoris boucheti [ 9] Chromodoris conchyliata [ 9] Chromodoris euelpis [ 3] Chromodoris fidelis [ 9] Chromodoris geminus [ 9] Chromodoris cf. geminus [ 9] Chromodoris geometrica [ 3] [ 9] Chromodoris hamiltoni [ 3] [ 9] Red-spotted nudibranch or Heather's nudibranch Chromodoris heatherae [ 4] [ 5]
Chromodoris inopinata [ 3] Chromodoris marginata [ 3] Chromodoris porcata [ 3] Chromodoris tinctoria [ 9] Gaudy chromodorid Chromodoris vicina [ 1] [ 3]
Chromodoris spp. (7)[ 3] Durvilledoris lemniscata [ 3] Glossodoris atromarginata [ 3] [ 9] Glossodoris cincta [ 9] Glossodoris pallida [ 9] Glossodoris symmetricus [ 9] Glossodoris undaurum [ 9] Glossodoris spp. (4)[ 3] Hypselodoris bullockii [ 9] Cape dorid Hypselodoris capensis [ 1] [ 3] [ 4] [ 5]
Hypselodoris carnea [ 3] [ 9] Hypselodoris fucata [ 9] Mottled dorid Hypselodoris infucata [ 1] [ 3]
Hypselodoris maculosa [ 9] Hypselodoris maridadilus [ 3] Hypselodoris rudmani [ 9] Hypselodoris spp. (3)[ 3] Hypselodoris sp. [ 9] Noumea varians [ 3] Noumea purpurea [ 3] Protea nudibranch Noumea protea [ 3] [ 5]
Risbecia pulchella [ 3] [ 9] Thorunna horologia [ 3] [ 9] Discodorididae
Discodoris coerulescens [ 3] Discodoris fragilis [ 3] Small-spot dorid Discodoris sp.1 [ 3] [ 5] Discodoris sp.2 [ 3] Blotchy dorid Geitodoris capensis [ 3] [ 5]
Anisodoris sp. (2)[ 3] Thordisa burnupi [ 3] Thordisa punctifera [ 3] Thordisa spp. (2)[ 3] ? Variable dorid Aphelodoris brunnea [ 5]
? Chocolate-chip nudibranch Aphelodoris sp. 1 [ 4] [ 5]
? Brown-spotted nudibranch Aphelodoris sp. 2 [ 4] [ 5]
? Spiky nudibranch Aphelodoris sp.3 [ 4] [ 5]
?Sclerodoris apiculata [ 3]
?Sclerodoris coriacea [ 3]
?Sclerodoris sp. [ 3]
?Artachaea sp ,[ 3]
Halgerda carlsoni [ 9] Halgerda dichromis [ 9] Halgerda tessellata [ 9] Halgerda toliara [ 9] Halgerda wasinensis [ 3] Halgerda formosa [ 3] Halgerda punctata [ 3] Rostanga muscula [ 3] Red sponge nudibranch or Orange dorid Rostanga elandsia [ 3] [ 4] [ 5]
Rostanga phepha Phyllidiidae
Dendrodorididae
Mandeliidae
Onchidorididae
Corambidae
Goniodorididae
Polyceridae
Crimora sp. [ 3] Kalinga ornata [ 3] Tasseled nudibranch Kaloplocamus ramosus [ 3] [ 4] [ 5]
Orange-clubbed nudibranch Limacia clavigera [ 1] [ 3] [ 4] [ 5]
Nembrotha livingstonei [ 3] Nembrotha purpureolineata [ 3] Plocamopherus apheles [ 10] Plocamopherus maculatus [ 3] Plocamopherus sp. [ 3] Crowned nudibranch Polycera capensis [ 1] [ 3] [ 4] [ 5]
Polycera hedgpethi [ 3] Four lined nudibranch Polycera quadrilineata [ 3] [ 4]
Polycera sp. [ 3] Twin-crowned nudibranch Polycera sp.1 [ 4] [ 5] Orange lined crowned nudibranch Polycera sp.2 [ 5] Roboastra gracilis [ 3] Roboastra luteolineata [ 3] Black nudibranch Tambja capensis [ 1] [ 3] [ 4] [ 5]
Tambja morosa [ 3] Tambja sp. [ 3] Thecacera pacifica [ 3] Thecacera pennigera [ 3] Thecacera sp. [ 3] Aegiridae
Gymnodorididae
Hexabranchidae
Okadaiidae
Charcotiidae
Dotidae
Embletoniidae
Proctonotidae
Arminidae
Tritoniidae
Aranucidae
Bornellidae
Dendronotidae
Scyllaeidae
Tethydidae
Flabellinidae
Fionidae
Eubranchidae
Tergipedidae
Aeolidiidae
Facelinidae
Night sky nudibranch Amanda armata [ 3] [ 4] [ 5]
Caloria indica [ 3] Black-dot nudibranch Caloria sp. 1 [ 3] [ 4] [ 5] Yellow-tipped nudibranch Caloria sp. 2 [ 3] [ 4] [ 5] Caloria sp. 3 [ 3] Orange eyed nudibranch or White tipped nudibranch Cratena capensis [ 1] [ 3] [ 4] [ 5]
Cratena simba [ 3] Elegant nudibranch Cratena sp.1 [ 3] [ 5] Cratena spp. (+3)[ 3] Echinopsole fulvus [ 3] Olive nudibranch Facelina olivacea [ 3] [ 5]
Facellina annulata [ 3] Facellina sp. [ 3] Favorinus japonicus [ 3] Favorinus ghanensis [ 3] Moridilla brockii [ 3] Coral nudibranch Phyllodesmium serratum [ 1] [ 3]
Coral nudibranch Phyllodesmium horridum [ 4] [ 5] P. serratum )
Phyllodesmium hyalinum [ 3] Phyllodesmium sp. [ 9] Pruvotfolia pselliotes [ 3] Pteraeolidia ianthina [ 9] Glaucidae
Family ?
Cavoliniidae
Onchidiidae
References
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as Branch, G.M. Griffiths, C.L. Branch, M.L. Beckley, L.E. Two Oceans: A guide to the marine life of southern Africa. 5th impression, David Philip, Cape Town, 2000. ISBN 0-86486-250-4
^ Kilburn R. N. (1996). Siphonaria compressa 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 7 August 2007.
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd fe ff fg fh fi fj fk fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv fw fx fy fz ga gb gc gd ge gf gg gh gi gj gk gl gm gn go gp gq gr gs gt gu gv gw gx gy gz ha hb hc hd he hf hg hh hi hj hk hl hm hn ho hp hq hr hs ht hu hv hw hx hy hz ia ib ic id ie if ig ih ii ij ik il im in io ip iq ir is it iu iv iw ix iy iz ja jb jc jd je jf jg jh ji jj jk jl jm jn jo jp jq jr js jt ju jv jw jx jy jz ka kb kc kd ke kf kg kh ki kj kk kl km kn ko kp kq kr ks kt ku kv kw kx ky kz la lb lc ld le lf lg lh li lj lk ll lm ln lo lp lq lr ls lt lu lv lw lx ly lz ma mb mc md me mf mg mh mi mj Gosliner, Terrence. Nudibranchs of southern Africa: A guide to Opisthobranch molluscs of southern Africa Sea Challengers, Monterey, 1987. ISBN 0-930118-13-8
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi Jones, Georgina. A field guide to the marine animals of the Cape Peninsula. SURG, Cape Town, 2008. ISBN 978-0-620-41639-9
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz Zsilavecz, Guido. Nudibranchs of the Cape Peninsula and False Bay . SURG, Cape Town, 2007. ISBN 0-620-38054-3
^ Hunt, B.; Strugnell, J.; Bednarsek, N.; Linse, K.; Nelson, R. J.; Pakhomov, E.; Seibel, B.; Steinke, D.; Würzberg, L. (2010). "Poles Apart: The "Bipolar" Pteropod Species Limacina helicina Is Genetically Distinct Between the Arctic and Antarctic Oceans" . PLoS ONE 5 (3): e9835. Bibcode :2010PLoSO...5.9835H . doi :10.1371/journal.pone.0009835 PMC 2847597 PMID 20360985 . ^ Lalli, C.M. & Gilmer, R.W. (1989) Pelagic Snails. The biology of holoplanktonic gastropod molluscs. Stanford University Press: Stanford, California.
^ www.itis.gov https://www.itis.gov . Retrieved 5 January 2010 .[title missing ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak King, Dennis. Fraser, Valda. More reef fishes and nudibranchs: East and south coast of southern Africa. Struik, Cape Town, 2002
^ Barnard, K.H. (1927). "South African nudibranch Mollusca, with descriptions of new species, and a note on some specimens from Tristan d'Acunha". Annals of the South African Museum . 25 : 171–215 pls. 119–120. ^ Shipman, C.; Gosliner, T. (2015). "Molecular and morphological systematics of Doto Oken, 1851 (Gastropoda: Heterobranchia), with descriptions of five new species and a new genus". Zootaxa . 3973 (1): 57–101. doi :10.11646/zootaxa.3973.1.2 . PMID 26249713 .
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