大二十面半十二面體

大二十面半十二面體
大二十面半十二面體
類別均勻星形多面體
半多面體
對偶多面體大二十面半無窮星形十二面體英语Great icosihemidodecacron
識別
名稱大二十面半十二面體
Great icosihemidodecahedron
參考索引U71, C85, W106
鮑爾斯縮寫
verse-and-dimensions的wikiaBowers acronym
geihid
數學表示法
威佐夫符號
英语Wythoff symbol
3/2 3 | 5/3
性質
26
60
頂點30
歐拉特徵數F=26, E=60, V=30 (χ=-4)
組成與佈局
面的種類20個正三角形
6個正十角星
頂點圖3.10/3.3/2.10/3
對稱性
對稱群Ih英语Icosahedral symmetry, [5,3], (*532)
圖像
立體圖
3.10/3.3/2.10/3
頂點圖

大二十面半無窮星形十二面體英语Great icosihemidodecacron
對偶多面體

大二十面半十二面體是一種擬正半多面體[1],由20個三角形面和6個穿過整體幾何中心十角星面組成,[2]可以視為大截半二十面体經過刻面英语Faceting後的結果[3],最早在1881年由亞伯特·巴杜羅(Albert Badoureau)發現並描述[4]

性質

大二十面半十二面體共有26個、60條和30個頂點。在其26個面中有20個正三角形面和6個穿過整體幾何中心正十角星[2],也就是說組成大二十面半十二面體的面皆為正多邊形,雖然頂點圖不是正多邊形,但每個頂點對應多面角皆全等。共有9個星形多面體具備此種性質。[5]此外,大二十面半十二面體的凸包截半十二面體[6]

相關多面體

大二十面半十二面體可透過將十角星面拓樸形變成十邊形面來轉變為小二十面半十二面體,因此大二十面半十二面體與小二十面半十二面體拓樸同構,可以視為同一種抽象多面體的具象化。[3][7]

大二十面半十二面體與大十二面半十二面體大截半二十面体共用相同的頂點排列方式[8]。其中,大二十面半十二面體與大十二面半十二面體皆具有6個通過整體幾何中心的十角星面。若不通過幾何中心的面是三角形,則這個多面體是大二十面半十二面體[9];若不通過幾何中心的面是五角星,則這個多面體是大十二面半十二面體[9]。特別地,大二十面半十二面體可以視為是截半的皮特里大星形十二面體(大星形十二面體皮特里對偶)、大十二面半十二面體可以視為是截半的皮特里大二十面體(大二十面體皮特里對偶[2]

皮特里大星形十二面體

皮特里大星形十二面體
大二十面半十二面體
以不同顏色表示每個面
類別皮特里對偶
正則地區圖
數學表示法
施萊夫利符號{5/2,3}π
性質
6
30
頂點20
歐拉特徵數F=6, E=30, V=20 (χ=-4)
二面角(不存在)
對稱性
對稱群Ih, H3, [5,3], *532
特性
扭歪正則

皮特里大星形十二面體是大星形十二面體皮特里對偶,可以透過將原有大星形十二面體上取皮特里多邊形構成,換句話說,皮特里大星形十二面體為由大星形十二面體的皮特里多邊形構成的立體[10][11]。由於大星形十二面體的皮特里多邊形為扭歪十角星,因此無法確立其封閉範圍,故無法計算其表面積和體積。

大星形十二面體對應的正則地區圖與正十二面體同構[12][13],因此其對應的皮特里對偶在拓樸學上也與皮特里十二面體同構,且對應的骨架圖皆為十二面體圖[14]皮特里大星形十二面體大星形十二面體大二十面體皮特里大二十面體的關係如下:[15]



皮特里大十二面體


大十二面體


小星形十二面體


皮特里小星形十二面體


皮特里大星形十二面體


大星形十二面體


大二十面體


皮特里大二十面體

其中,「」表示互為皮特里對偶;「」表示互為對偶多面體;「」表示互為刻面變換結果。

大二十面半十二面體可以視為是連接皮特里大星形十二面體每個邊的中點構成的立體。[2]

參見

參考文獻

  1. ^ David I. McCooey. Versi-Regular Polyhedra. dmccooey.com. [2021-09-05]. (原始内容存档于2021-07-30). 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Weiss, Asia Ivić and Schulte, Egon. Hereditary polyhedra with planar regular faces. The Art of Discrete and Applied Mathematics. 2020, 3 (2): 2–07. 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 Klitzing, Richard. great icosihemidodecahedron : geihid. bendwavy.org. [2021-09-05]. (原始内容存档于2021-01-23). 
  4. ^ Jean Paul Albert Badoureau. Mémoire sur les Figures Isocèles. Journal de l'École polytechnique. 1881, (49): 47-172. 
  5. ^ Matteo, Nicholas. Two-orbit convex polytopes and tilings. Discrete & Computational Geometry (Springer). 2016, 55 (2): 296–313. 
  6. ^ 6.0 6.1 11.12. Great Dodecahemidodecahedron, Great Icosidodecahedron, Great Icosihemidodecahedron. 3d-meier.de. [2021-09-06]. (原始内容存档于2021-09-06). 
  7. ^ Klitzing, Richard. small icosihemidodecahedron : seihid. bendwavy.org. [2021-09-05]. (原始内容存档于2021-09-05). 
  8. ^ Gévay, Gábor,. Constructions for large spatial point-line (nk) congurations. ARS Mathematica Contemporanea. 2013, 7 (1): 175–199. 
  9. ^ 9.0 9.1 Uniform polyhedra. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences. 1954-05-13, 246 (916): 401–450 [2021-09-06]. ISSN 0080-4614. doi:10.1098/rsta.1954.0003. (原始内容存档于2020-09-18) (英语). 
  10. ^ Gorini, Catherine A., Geometry at Work, MAA Notes 53, Cambridge University Press: 181, 2000, ISBN 9780883851647 
  11. ^ McMullen, Peter. Rigidity of Regular Polytopes. Rigidity and Symmetry (Springer). 2014: 253––278. 
  12. ^ Stellation of Regular Maps. Regular Map database - map details, weddslist.com. [2021-09-06]. (原始内容存档于2021-08-23). 
  13. ^ The dodecahedron. Regular Map database - map details, weddslist.com. [2021-07-30]. (原始内容存档于2020-02-01). 
  14. ^ C6:{10,3}5. Regular Map database - map details, weddslist.com. [2021-07-30]. 
  15. ^ McMullen, P., Schulte, E. Regular Polytopes in Ordinary Space. Discrete & Computational Geometry. 1997/06/01, 17 (4): pp.449-478 [2021-09-06]. ISSN 1432-0444. doi:10.1007/PL00009304. (原始内容存档于2018-06-03). 

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