非凸大斜方截半立方體

非凸大斜方截半立方體
非凸大斜方截半立方體
類別均勻星形多面體
對偶多面體大鳶形二十四面體
識別
名稱非凸大斜方截半立方體
great rhombicuboctahedron
quasirhombicuboctahedron
參考索引U17, C59, W85
鮑爾斯縮寫
verse-and-dimensions的wikiaBowers acronym
querco
數學表示法
考克斯特符號
英语Coxeter-Dynkin diagram
node_1 4 node d3 rat d2 node_1 
施萊夫利符號t0,2{4,32}
威佐夫符號
英语Wythoff symbol
3/2 4 | 2
3 4/3 | 2
性質
26
48
頂點24
歐拉特徵數F=26, E=48, V=24 (χ=2)
組成與佈局
面的種類8個正三角形
18個正方形
頂點圖4.4.4.3/2
對稱性
對稱群Oh, [4,3], *432
圖像
立體圖
4.4.4.3/2
頂點圖

大鳶形二十四面體
對偶多面體

幾何學中,非凸大斜方截半立方體又稱擬小斜方截半立方體(Quasirhombicuboctahedron)[1]是一種星形均勻多面體,由8個正三角形和18個正方形組成[2],索引為U17對偶多面體大鳶形二十四面體[3],可以視為是截角立方體刻面英语Faceting多面體[4]。非凸大斜方截半立方體的外觀與大立方截半立方體類似,只是八角星面被移除,面連接的方式也不相同[5]:132,但兩者都具備八面體群對稱性英语Octahedral symmetry[6]

性質

非凸大斜方截半立方體共由26個、48條和24個頂點所組成[7][8]。在其26個面中,有8個正三角形面和18個正方形面[6]。在其24個頂點中,每個頂點都是3個正方形和1個三角形的公共頂點,且對應的頂角組成面皆依照正方形、三角形(反向相接,計為3/2或-3)、正方形和正方形的順序排列,在頂點圖中可以用4.3/2.4.4[4]、(3/2,4,4,4)[9]、(4,4,3/2,4)[10]、(-3.4.4.4)[11]:480來表示。若將非凸大斜方截半立方體作為一個簡單多面體,也就是將自相交的部分分離開來,則這個立體會有488個外部面[4]

表示法

非凸大斜方截半立方體在考克斯特—迪肯符号英语Coxeter-Dynkin diagram中可以表示為node_1 4 node d3 rat d2 node_1 [12][13],在施萊夫利符號中可以表示為t0,2{4,32},在威佐夫記號中可以表示為3/2 4 | 2[6][14][7][15]

尺寸

若非凸大斜方截半立方體的邊長為單位長,則其外接球半徑為:[16]

邊長為單位長的非凸大斜方截半立方體,中分球半徑為:[17][18]

體積與表面積為:[19]

二面角

非凸大斜方截半立方體有兩種二面角,分別為正方形面與正方形面的二面角以及正方形面與三角形面的二面角。其中正方形面與正方形面的二面角為45度。而正方形面與三角形面的二面角為三分之根號六的反餘弦值,約為35.264度:[19][17]

正方形三角形

凸包

非凸大斜方截半立方體的凸包是一個阿基米德立體——截角立方體[18]


凸包

非凸大斜方截半立方體

正交投影

頂點座標

若非凸大斜方截半立方體邊長為單位長,且幾何中心位於原點,則其頂點座標為下列座標的全排列:[20]

分類

由於非凸大斜方截半立方體的頂點圖為交叉梯形且具備點可遞的特性,同時,其存在自相交的面,因此非凸大斜方截半立方體是一種自相交擬擬正多面體(Self-Intersecting Quasi-Quasi-Regular Polyhedra)。自相交擬擬正多面體一共有12種[21],除了小雙三角十二面截半二十面體外,其餘由阿爾伯特·巴杜羅(Albert Badoureau)於1881年發現並描述。[22]

自相交擬擬正多面體
(Self-Intersecting Quasi-Quasi-Regular Polyhedra)

小立方立方八面體

大立方截半立方體

非凸大斜方截半立方體

小十二面截半二十面體

大十二面截半二十面體

小雙三角十二面截半二十面體

大雙三角十二面截半二十面體

二十面化截半大十二面體

小二十面化截半二十面體

大二十面化截半二十面體

斜方截半大十二面體

非凸大斜方截半二十面體

相關多面體

非凸大斜方截半立方體的頂點布局與其凸包截角立方體相同[18],同時其邊布局也和大立方截半立方體[19]大斜方立方體相同。其頂點圖則與偽大斜方截半立方體相同[23]


截角立方體

非凸大斜方截半立方體

大立方截半立方體

大斜方立方體

偽大斜方截半立方體

對偶多面體

非凸大斜方截半立方體是大鳶形二十四面體

非凸大斜方截半立方體是大鳶形二十四面體,是一種星形二十四面體,由24個鳶形組成[24]

參見

參考文獻

  1. ^ Eric W. Weisstein. Quasirhombicuboctahedron. archive.lib.msu.edu. 1999-05-25 [2022-08-20]. (原始内容存档于2021-11-29). 
  2. ^ Jonathan Bowers. Polyhedron Category 4: Trapeziverts. polytope.net. [2022-08-20]. (原始内容存档于2021-10-19). 
  3. ^ Weisstein, Eric W. (编). Uniform Great Rhombicuboctahedron. at MathWorld--A Wolfram Web Resource. Wolfram Research, Inc. (英语). 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Robert Webb. Great Rhombicuboctahedron. software3d.com. [2022-08-20]. (原始内容存档于2022-08-20). 
  5. ^ Wenninger, M.J. Polyhedron Models. Cambridge University Press. 1974 [2021-09-05]. ISBN 9780521098595. LCCN 69010200. (原始内容存档于2021-08-31). 
  6. ^ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Maeder, Roman. 17: great rhombicuboctahedron. MathConsult. [2022-08-20]. (原始内容存档于2022-08-20). 
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 Paul Bourke. Uniform Polyhedra (80). Math Consult AG. October 2004 [2019-09-27]. (原始内容存档于2013-09-02). 
  8. ^ V.Bulatov. great rhombicuboctahedron. [2022-08-21]. (原始内容存档于2021-02-24). 
  9. ^ Kovič, J. Classification of uniform polyhedraby their symmetry-type graphs (PDF). Int. J. Open Problems Compt. Math. 2012, 5 (4) [2022-08-21]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-08-14). 
  10. ^ Jim McNeill. Augmenting the great rhombicuboctahedron. orchidpalms.com. [2022-08-20]. (原始内容存档于2012-06-02). 
  11. ^ Aronov, B. and Basu, S. and Pach, J. and Sharir, M. Discrete and Computational Geometry: The Goodman-Pollack Festschrift. Algorithms and Combinatorics. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. 2012 [2022-08-20]. ISBN 9783642555664. (原始内容存档于2022-08-20). 
  12. ^ Klitzing, Richard. Axial-Symmetrical Edge-Facetings of Uniform Polyhedra (PDF). tic. 2002, 2 (4): 3 [2022-08-20]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-08-14). 
  13. ^ Richard Klitzing. Octahedral Symmetries uniform polyhedra, Polytopes & their Incidence Matrices. bendwavy.org. [2022-08-07]. (原始内容存档于2018-07-07). 
  14. ^ George W. Hart. Uniform Polyhedra --- List. [2022-08-20]. (原始内容存档于2018-09-19). 
  15. ^ Zvi Har'El. Kaleido Data: Uniform Polyhedron #22, great rhombicuboctahedron. harel.org.il. 2006-11-14 [2022-08-14]. (原始内容存档于2022-08-21). 
  16. ^ Eric W. Weisstein. Great Rhombicuboctahedron (Uniform). archive.lib.msu.edu. 1999-05-25 [2022-08-20]. (原始内容存档于2021-12-02). 
  17. ^ 17.0 17.1 David I. McCooey. Self-Intersecting Quasi-Quasi-Regular Polyhedra: Uniform Great Rhombicuboctahedron. [2022-08-20]. (原始内容存档于2022-08-20). 
  18. ^ 18.0 18.1 18.2 Jürgen Meier. 11.10. Nonconvex great rhombicuboctahedron, Great cubicuboctahedron, Great rhombihexahedron. 3d-meier.de. [2022-08-20]. (原始内容存档于2022-08-20) (德语). 
  19. ^ 19.0 19.1 19.2 Richard Klitzing. quasirhombicuboctahedron, great rhombicuboctahedron, querco. bendwavy.org. [2022-08-20]. (原始内容存档于2022-10-27). 
  20. ^ David I. McCooey. Data of Uniform Great Rhombicuboctahedron. [2022-08-20]. (原始内容存档于2016-04-19). 
  21. ^ David I. McCooey. Self-Intersecting Quasi-Quasi-Regular Polyhedra. [2022-08-20]. (原始内容存档于2022-08-22). 
  22. ^ Jean Paul Albert Badoureau. Mémoire sur les Figures Isocèles. Journal de l'École polytechnique. 1881, (49): 47–172. 
  23. ^ Grünbaum, Branko. An enduring error. Elemente der Mathematik. 2009, 64 (3): 89–101. MR 2520469. doi:10.4171/EM/120可免费查阅. 
  24. ^ Vladimir Bulatov. great deltoidal icositetrahedron. bulatov.org. [2019-09-07]. (原始内容存档于2017-12-06). 

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