小星形截角十二面體

小星形截角十二面體
小星形截角十二面體
類別星形均勻多面體
對偶多面體大五角化十二面體
識別
名稱小星形截角十二面體
參考索引U58, C74, W97[4]
鮑爾斯縮寫
verse-and-dimensions的wikiaBowers acronym
quit sissid在维基数据编辑
數學表示法
施萊夫利符號
威佐夫符號
英语Wythoff symbol
2 5 | 5/3[3]
2 5/4 | 5/3
性質
24
90
頂點60
歐拉特徵數F=24, E=90, V=60 (χ=-6)
組成與佈局
面的種類12{5}+12{10/3}
頂點圖5.10/3.10/3
頂點佈局
英语Vertex_configuration
{10/3 10/3 5}[1][2]
對稱性
對稱群Ih, [5,3], *532
圖像

5.10/3.10/3
頂點圖

大五角化十二面體
對偶多面體

幾何學中,小星形截角十二面體是一種星形均勻多面體,由12個五邊形和12個十角星組成[5],並且與截角大十二面體拓樸同構[6],其對偶多面體大五角化十二面體[7]

性質

小星形截角十二面體是一種星形均勻多面體,共有24個、90條邊和60個頂點[2]歐拉示性數為-6[8],並且具有二十面體群對稱性[9]。在小星形截角十二面體的60個頂點中每個頂點都是兩個十角星和一個五邊形的公共頂點,在頂點圖中,其可以用{10/3, 10/3, 5}來表示[1][10][8],由於每個頂點對應的角都是三面角、且等角,因此小星形截角十二面體也可以算是一種等角多面體[11]

面的組成

小星形截角十二面體由24個面組成,在24個面中有12個面有5條邊組成、另外12個面由十條邊組成[12]。而這12個由十條邊組成的多邊性全部都是星形多邊形,即十角星[12]


構成小星形截角十二面體的五邊形

構成小星形截角十二面體的十角星面

構成小星形截角十二面體的面在頂點周圍的排佈

二面角

小星形截角十二面體有兩種稜,一種是2個十角星的公共稜,其對應的二面角角度約為116.56度、另一種是十角星和五邊形的公共稜,其對應的二面角角度約為63.42度[13]

小星形截角十二面體中,2個十角星的公共稜對應到的二面角角度為五分之負的五的平方根反餘弦[13],其等價於負的五的平方根倒數反餘弦[6]

小星形截角十二面體中,十角星和五邊形的公共稜對應到的二面角角度為五分之五的平方根反餘弦[13],其等價於正五的平方根倒數反餘弦[6]

歷史

最早列出小星形截角十二面體的文獻是在考克斯特、朗格·希金斯與米勒的論文《均勻多面體》中[14],其中列出了非常多的均勻多面體。後來在1993年時,齊夫·哈爾提出了一個能計算生成各均勻多面體的演算法,使得小星形截角十二面體能更容易地被視覺化。[8]

相關多面體

若將小星形截角十二面體視為一個抽象多面體,則其與截角大十二面體視為抽象多面體的結果等價[6]。另一種與小星形截角十二面體相關的多面體為皮特里擴展小星形截角十二面體,是由小星形截角十二面體經過皮特里擴展變換所形成的像,其共有114個面、300條邊和180個頂點。[15]

此外,小星形截角十二面體與截角大十二面體拓樸同構:小星形截角十二面體可以透過將五邊形面拓樸變形成五角星面同時也將十角星面拓樸變形成十邊形面使立體轉變成截角大十二面體。[16]

小星形截角十二面體與小斜方截半二十面体共用相同的頂點排佈。[6]其他也與小星形截角十二面體共用相同的頂點排佈的立體有小十二面截半二十面體[17]小斜方十二面體[18]


小斜方截半二十面体

小十二面截半二十面體

小斜方十二面體

小星形截角十二面體

六複合五角星柱英语Compound of six pentagrammic prisms

十二複合五角星柱英语Compound of twelve pentagrammic prisms

參見

參考文獻

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Roman E. Maeder. 58: small stellated truncated dodecahedron. Math Consult AG. 1995 [2019-09-27]. (原始内容存档于2018-05-02). 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 Paul Bourke. Uniform Polyhedra (80). Math Consult AG. October 2004 [2019-09-27]. (原始内容存档于2013-09-02). 
  3. ^ George W. Hart. Uniform Polyhedra --- List. 1996 [2019-09-27]. (原始内容存档于2018-09-19). 
  4. ^ Sam Gratrix. Uniform Polyhedra Summary. [2019-09-27]. (原始内容存档于2019-07-03). 
  5. ^ Andrew Weimholt. 18. Quit Sissid, Polyhedron Category 2: Truncates. polytope.net. [2019-10-05]. (原始内容存档于2018-07-02). 
  6. ^ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 Richard Klitzing. small stellated truncated dodecahedron. bendwavy.org. [2019-09-27]. (原始内容存档于2019-09-27). 
  7. ^ Weisstein, Eric W. (编). Small Stellated Truncated Dodecahedron. at MathWorld--A Wolfram Web Resource. Wolfram Research, Inc. (英语). 
  8. ^ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Har'El, Zvi. Uniform solution for uniform polyhedra (PDF). Geometriae Dedicata (Springer). 1993, 47 (1): 57––110 [2019-09-27]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2018-06-19). 
  9. ^ Sam Gratrix. small stellated truncated dodecahedron. [2019-10-05]. (原始内容存档于2008-12-04). 
  10. ^ Raffi J. Kasparian. Introducing the Kasparian Solids. quantimegroup.com. [2019-09-27]. (原始内容存档于2018-08-31). 
  11. ^ Jean Paul Albert Badoureau. Mémoire sur les Figures Isocèles. Journal de l'École polytechnique. 1881, 49: 47–172. 
  12. ^ 12.0 12.1 V. Bulatov. small stellated truncated dodecahedronn. bulatov.org. 2009 [2019-10-05]. (原始内容存档于2017-10-11). 
  13. ^ 13.0 13.1 13.2 David I. McCooey. Self-Intersecting Truncated Regular Polyhedra: Small Stellated Truncated Dodecahedron. dmccooey.com. 2015 [2019-10-05]. (原始内容存档于2018-04-20). 
  14. ^ Coxeter, Harold Scott MacDonald; Longuet-Higgins, M. S.; Miller, J. C. P. Uniform polyhedra (PDF). Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A. 1954, 246 (916): 401–450 [2019-09-27]. ISSN 0080-4614. JSTOR 91532. MR 0062446. doi:10.1098/rsta.1954.0003. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2017-12-01). 
  15. ^ Jim McNeill. Petrie Expanded Truncated Polyhedra. orchidpalms.com. [2019-09-27]. (原始内容存档于2018-09-25). 
  16. ^ Dr. Richard Klitzing. tigid, Polytopes & their Incidence Matrices. bendwavy.org. [2019-10-05]. (原始内容存档于2019-09-27). 
  17. ^ Richard Klitzing. small dodekicosidodecahedron. bendwavy.org. [2019-10-30]. (原始内容存档于2019-10-30). 
  18. ^ Richard Klitzing. small rhombidodecahedron. bendwavy.org. [2019-10-30]. (原始内容存档于2019-10-30). 

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