Isotopen van seleen

Het chemisch element seleen (Se), met een atoommassa van 78,96(3) u, bezit 5 stabiele isotopen: 74Se, 76Se, 77Se, 78Se en 80Se, waarvan de laatste het meest abundant is (ongeveer 49%). De overige 23 radio-isotopen zijn onstabiel en hebben een relatief korte halveringstijd (de meeste minder dan een seconde).

De kortstlevende isotoop van seleen is 94Se, met een halfwaardetijd van ongeveer 20 milliseconden. De langstlevende is 82Se, met een halfwaardetijd van 97 triljoen jaar. De facto kan dit nuclide eveneens als stabiel worden beschouwd, omdat de halfwaardetijd miljarden malen groter is dan de leeftijd van het universum. Seleen-82 komt in de natuur voor (8,7%). De isotoop vervalt via een dubbel bètaverval tot de stabiele isotoop krypton-82.

De stabiele isotopen seleen-74 en seleen-80 worden ervan verdacht via een dubbel bètaverval te vervallen tot stabiele isotopen, respectievelijk 74Ge en 80Kr. De halfwaardetijden hiervan zijn echter onmetelijk groot, waardoor deze isotopen als stabiel kunnen beschouwd worden.

Overzicht

Nuclide Z (p) N (n) Isotopische massa (u) Halveringstijd Radioactief verval VP Kernspin Isotopische verhouding
(molfractie)
Natuurlijk voorkomen
(molfractie)
Excitatie-energie
65Se 34 31 64,96466(64) < 50 ms β+ (> 99,9%) 65As 3/2
β+, p (< 0,1%) 64Ge
66Se 34 32 65,95521(32) 33(12) ms β+ 66As 0+
67Se 34 33 66,95009(21) 133(11) ms β+ (99,5%) 67As 5/2
β+, p (0,5%) 66Ge
68Se 34 34 67,94180(4) 35,5(7) s β+ 68As 0+
69Se 34 35 68,93956(4) 27,4(2) s β+ (99,955%) 69As (1/2)
β+, p (0,045%) 68Ge
69m1Se 39,4(1) keV 2,0(2) µs 5/2
69m2Se 573,9(10) keV 955(16) ns 9/2+
70Se 34 36 69,93339(7) 41,1(3) min β+ 70As 0+
71Se 34 37 70,93224(3) 4,74(5) min β+ 71As 5/2
71m1Se 48,79(5) keV 5,6(7) µs 1/2 tot 9/2
71m2Se 260,48(10) keV 19,0(5) µs 9/2+
72Se 34 38 71,927112(13) 8,40(8) dagen EV 72As 0+
73Se 34 39 72,926765(11) 7,15(8) uur β+ 73As 9/2+
73mSe 25,71(4) keV 39,8(13) min IT 73Se 3/2
β+ 73As
74Se 34 40 73,9224764(18) stabiel 0+ 0,0089(4)
75Se 34 41 74,9225234(18) 119,779(4) dagen EV 75As 5/2+
76Se 34 42 75,9192136(18) stabiel 0+ 0,0937(29)
77Se 34 43 76,9199140(18) stabiel 1/2 0,0763(16)
77mSe 161,9223(7) keV 17,36(5) s IT 77Se 7/2+
78Se 34 44 77,9173091(18) stabiel 0+ 0,2377(28)
79Se 34 45 78,9184991(18) 3,27(8) × 105 jaar β 79Br 7/2+
79mSe 95,77(3) keV 3,92(1) min IT (99,944%) 79Se 1/2
β (,056%) 79Br
80Se 34 46 79,9165213(21) stabiel 0+ 0,4961(41)
81Se 34 47 80,9179925(22) 18,45(12) min β 81Br 1/2
81mSe 102,99(6) keV 57,28(2) min IT (99,948%) 81Se 7/2+
β (0,052%) 81Br
82Se 34 48 81,9166994(22) 97(5) × 1018 jaar ββ 82Kr 0+ 0,0873(22)
83Se 34 49 82,919118(4) 22,3(3) min β 83Br 9/2+
83mSe 228,50(20) keV 70,1(4) s β 83Br 1/2
84Se 34 50 83,918462(16) 3,1(1) min β 84Br 0+
85Se 34 51 84,92225(3) 31,7(9) s β 85Br (5/2+)
86Se 34 52 85,924272(17) 15,3(9) s β 86Br 0+
87Se 34 53 86,92852(4) 5,50(12) s β (99,64%) 87Br (5/2+)
β, n (0,36%) 86Br
88Se 34 54 87,93142(5) 1,53(6) s β (99,01%) 88Br 0+
β, n (0,99%) 88Br
89Se 34 55 88,93645(32) 0,41(4) s β (92,2%) 89Br (5/2+)
β, n (7,8%) 88Br
90Se 34 56 89,93996(43) 300 ms β, n 89Br 0+
β 90Br
91Se 34 57 90,94596(54) 270(50) ms β (79%) 91Br 1/2+
β, n 90Br
92Se 34 58 91,94992(64) 100 ms β 92Br 0+
93Se 34 59 92,95629(86) 50 ms 1/2+
94Se 34 60 93,96049(86) 20 ms 0+

Overzicht van isotopen per element

1 18
1 H 2 Periodiek systeem 13 14 15 16 17 He
2 Li Be De links verwijzen naar isotopen per element B C N O F Ne
3 Na Mg 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Al Si P S Cl Ar
4 K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
5 Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
6 Cs Ba Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
7 Fr Ra ↓↓ Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
 
Lanthaniden La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
Actiniden Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr

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