Isotopen van californium

Het chemisch element californium (Cf), met een atoommassa van ongeveer 251 u, bezit geen stabiele isotopen en wordt dus geclassificeerd als radioactief element. De negentien radio-isotopen zijn onstabiel en hebben een relatief korte halfwaardetijd (de meeste minder dan een uur).

In de natuur komt geen californium voor: alle isotopen zijn synthetisch bereid in een laboratorium. De eerste synthetische isotoop was californium-245, in 1950.

De kortstlevende isotoop van californium is californium-238, met een halfwaardetijd van ongeveer 21,1 milliseconden. De langstlevende is californium-251, met een halfwaardetijd van 900 jaar.

Overzicht

Nuclide Z (p) N (n) Isotopische massa (u) Halveringstijd Radioactief verval VP Kernspin
Excitatie-energie
237Cf 98 139 237,06207(54) 2,1(3) s SS 5/2+
β+ 237Bk
α 233Cm
238Cf 98 140 238,06141(43) 21,1(13) ms SS 0+
β+ (zelden) 238Bk
α (zelden) 234Cm
239Cf 98 141 239,06242(23) 60(30) s α 235Cm 5/2+
β+ (zelden) 239Bk
240Cf 98 142 240,06230(22) 1,06(15) min α (98%) 236Cm 0+
SS (2%)
β+ (zelden) 240Bk
241Cf 98 143 241,06373(27) 3,78(70) min β+ (75%) 241Bk 7/2
α (25%) 237Cm
242Cf 98 144 242,06370(4) 3,49(15) min α (80%) 238Cm 0+
β+ (20%) 242Bk
SS (0,014%)
243Cf 98 145 243,06543(15) 10,7(5) min β+ (86%) 243Bk (1/2+)
α (14%) 239Cm
244Cf 98 146 244,066001(3) 19,4(6) min α (99%) 240Cm 0+
EV (1%) 244Bk
245Cf 98 147 245,068049(3) 45,0(15) min β+ (64%) 245Bk (5/2+)
α (36%) 241Cm
246Cf 98 148 246,0688053(22) 35,7(5) uur α 242Cm 0+
EV (5 × 10−4%) 246Bk
SS (2 × 10−4%)
247Cf 98 149 247,071001(9) 3,11(3) uur EV (99,96%) 247Bk (7/2+)
α (0,04%) 243Cm
248Cf 98 150 248,072185(6) 333,5(28) dagen α (99,99%) 244Cm 0+
SS (0,0029%)
249Cf 98 151 249,0748535(24) 351(2) jaar α 245Cm 9/2
SS (5 × 10−7%)
249mCf 144,98(5) keV 45(5) µs 5/2+
250Cf 98 152 250,0764061(22) 13,08(9) jaar α (99,92%) 246Cm 0+
SS (0,077%)
251Cf 98 153 251,079587(5) 900(40) jaar α 247Cm 1/2+
252Cf 98 154 252,081626(5) 2,645(8) jaar α (96,9%) 248Cm 0+
SS (3,09%)
253Cf 98 155 253,085133(7) 17,81(8) dagen β (99,69%) 253Es (7/2+)
α (0,31%) 249Cm
254Cf 98 156 254,087323(13) 60,5(2) dagen SS (99,69%) 0+
α (0,31%) 250Cm
ββ (zelden) 254Fm
255Cf 98 157 255,09105(22) 85(18) min β (99,99%) 255Es (7/2+)
SS (0,001%)
α (10−5%) 251Cm
256Cf 98 158 256,09344(32) 12,3(12) min SS (99%) 0+
β (1%) 256Es
α (10−6%) 252Cm
ββ (zelden) 256Fm

Overzicht van isotopen per element

1 18
1 H 2 Periodiek systeem 13 14 15 16 17 He
2 Li Be De links verwijzen naar isotopen per element B C N O F Ne
3 Na Mg 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Al Si P S Cl Ar
4 K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
5 Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
6 Cs Ba Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
7 Fr Ra ↓↓ Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
 
Lanthaniden La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
Actiniden Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr

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