Isotopen van polonium

Het chemisch element polonium (Po), met een gemiddelde atoommassa voor natuurlijk voorkomend polonium van ongeveer 209,98 u, bezit geen stabiele isotopen en wordt dus geclassificeerd als radioactief element. De 33 radio-isotopen hebben een relatief korte halfwaardetijd. In de natuur komen sporen van de radio-isotopen 210Po, 211Po, 212Po, 214Po, 215Po, 216Po en 218Po voor.

De kortstlevende isotoop van polonium is 188Po, met een halfwaardetijd van ongeveer 430 microseconden. De langstlevende in de natuur voorkomende is 210Po, met een halfwaardetijd van 138,38 dagen. Deze isotoop komt voor als tussenproduct in de vervalreeks van uranium (uraanreeks). Het kunstmatig geproduceerde 209Po heeft de langste halfwaardetijd, namelijk 124 jaar.

Overzicht

Nuclide Z (p) N (n) Isotopische massa (u) Halveringstijd Radioactief verval VP Kernspin Isotopische verhouding
(molfractie)
Natuurlijk voorkomen
(molfractie)
Excitatie-energie
188Po 84 104 187,999422(21) 430(180) µs 0+
189Po 84 105 188,998481(24) 5(1) ms 3/2
190Po 84 106 189,995101(14) 2,46(5) ms α (99,9%) 186Pb 0+
β+ (0,1%) 190Bi
191Po 84 107 190,994574(12) 22(1) ms α 187Pb 3/2
β+ (zelden) 191Bi
191mPo 130(21) keV 93(3) ms (13/2+)
192Po 84 108 191,991335(13) 32,2(3) ms α (99%) 188Pb 0+
β+ (1%) 192Bi
192mPo 2600(500) keV ± 1 µs 12+
193Po 84 109 192,99103(4) 420(40) ms α 189Pb 3/2
β+ (zelden) 193Bi
193mPo 100(30) keV 240(10) ms α 189Pb (13/2+)
β+ (zelden) 193Bi
194Po 84 110 193,988186(13) 0,392(4) s α 190Pb 0+
β+ (zelden) 194Bi
194mPo 2525(2) keV 15(2) µs (11)
195Po 84 111 194,98811(4) 4,64(9) s α (75%) 191Pb 3/2
β+ (25%) 195Bi
195mPo 110(50) keV 1,92(2) s α (90%) 191Pb 13/2+
β+ (10%) 195Bi
IT (0,01%) 195Po
196Po 84 112 195,985535(14) 5,56(12) s α (94%) 192Pb 0+
β+ (6%) 196Bi
196mPo 2490,5(17) keV 850(90) ns (11)
197Po 84 113 196,98566(5) 53,6(10) s β+ (54%) 197Bi (3/2)
α (44%) 193Pb
197mPo 230(80) keV 25,8(1) s α (84%) 193Pb (13/2+)
β+ (16%) 197Bi
IT (0,01%) 197Po
198Po 84 114 197,983389(19) 1,77(3) min α (57%) 194Pb 0+
β+ (43%) 198Bi
198m1Po 2565,92(20) keV 200(20) ns 11
198m2Po 2691,86(20) keV 750(50) ns 12+
199Po 84 115 198,983666(25) 5,48(16) min β+ (92,5%) 199Bi (3/2)
α (7,5%) 195Pb
199mPo 312,0(28) keV 4,17(4) min β+ (73,5%) 199Bi 13/2+
α (24%) 195Pb
IT (2,5%) 199Po
200Po 84 116 199,981799(15) 11,5(1) min β+ (88,8%) 200Bi 0+
α (11,1%) 196Pb
201Po 84 117 200,982260(6) 15,3(2) min β+ (98,4%) 201Bi 3/2
α (1,6%) 197Pb
201mPo 424,1(24) keV 8,9(2) min IT (56%) 201Po 13/2+
EV (41%) 201Bi
α (2,9%) 197Pb
202Po 84 118 201,980758(16) 44,7(5) min β+ (98%) 202Bi 0+
α (2%) 198Pb
202mPo 2626,7(7) keV > 200 ns 11
203Po 84 119 202,981420(28) 36,7(5) min β+ (99,89%) 203Bi 5/2
α (0,11%) 199Pb
203m1Po 641,49(17) keV 45(2) s IT (99,96%) 203Po 13/2+
α (0,04%) 199Pb
203m2Po 2158,5(6) keV > 200 ns
204Po 84 120 203,980318(12) 3,53(2) uur β+ (99,33%) 204Bi 0+
α (0,66%) 200Pb
205Po 84 121 204,981203(21) 1,66(2) uur β+ (99,96%) 205Bi 5/2
α (0,04%) 201Pb
205m1Po 143,166(17) keV 310(60) ns 1/2
205m2Po 880,30(4) keV 645 µs 13/2+
205m3Po 1461,21(21) keV 57,4(9) ms IT 205Po 19/2
205m4Po 3087,2(4) keV 115(10) ns 29/2
206Po 84 122 205,980481(9) 8,8(1) dagen β+ (94,55%) 206Bi 0+
α (5,45%) 202Pb
206m1Po 1585,85(11) keV 222(10) ns (8+)
206m2Po 2262,22(14) keV 1,05(6) µs (9)
207Po 84 123 206,981593(7) 5,80(2) uur β+ (99,97%) 207Bi 5/2
α (0,021%) 203Pb
207m1Po 68,573(14) keV 205(10) ns 1/2
207m2Po 1115,073(16) keV 49(4) µs 13/2+
207m3Po 1383,15(6) keV 2,79(8) s IT 207Po 19/2
208Po 84 124 207,9812457(19) 2,898(2) jaar α (99,99%) 204Pb 0+
β+ (0,00277%) 208Bi
209Po 84 125 208,9824304(20) 124 jaar[1] α (99,52%) 205Pb 1/2
β+ (0,48%) 209Bi
210Po 84 126 209,9828737(13) 138,376(2) dagen α 206Pb 0+ sporen
210mPo 5057,61(4) keV 263(5) ns 16+
211Po 84 127 210,9866532(14) 0,516(3) s α 207Pb 9/2+ sporen
211m1Po 1462(5) keV 25,2(6) s α (99,98%) 207Pb (25/2+)
IT (0,016%) 211Po
211m2Po 2135,7(9) keV 243(21) ns (31/2)
211m3Po 4873,3(17) keV 2,8(7) µs (43/2+)
212Po 84 128 211,9888680(13) 299(2) ns α 208Pb 0+ sporen
212mPo 2911(12) keV 45,1(6) s α (99,93%) 208Pb (18+)
IT (0,07%) 212Po
213Po 84 129 212,992857(3) 3,65(4) µs α 209Pb 9/2+
214Po 84 130 213,9952014(16) 164,3(20) µs α 210Pb 0+ sporen
215Po 84 131 214,9994200(27) 1,781(4) ms α (99,99%) 211Pb 9/2+ sporen
β (2,3 × 10−4%) 215At
216Po 84 132 216,0019150(24) 0,145(2) s α 212Pb 0+ sporen
ββ (rare) 216Rn
217Po 84 133 217,006335(7) 1,47(5) s α (95%) 213Pb 5/2+
β (5%) 217At
218Po 84 134 218,0089730(26) 3,10(1) min α (99,98%) 214Pb 0+ sporen
β (0,02%) 218At
219Po 84 135 219,01374(39) 2 min 7/2+
220Po 84 136 220,01660(39) 40 s 0+

Overzicht van isotopen per element

1 18
1 H 2 Periodiek systeem 13 14 15 16 17 He
2 Li Be De links verwijzen naar isotopen per element B C N O F Ne
3 Na Mg 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Al Si P S Cl Ar
4 K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
5 Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
6 Cs Ba Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
7 Fr Ra ↓↓ Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
 
Lanthaniden La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
Actiniden Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr

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