This is a general overview and status of places affected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and is responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. The first human cases of COVID-19 were identified in Wuhan, the capital of the province of Hubei in China in December 2019. It spread to other areas of Asia, and then worldwide in early 2020.
The figures presented are based on reported cases and deaths. While in several high-income countries the ratio of total estimated cases and deaths to reported cases and deaths is low and close to 1, for some countries it may be more than 10[7] or even more than 100.[8] Implementation of COVID-19 surveillance methods varies widely.[9]
Maps and timelines
Total cases
World maps showing total confirmed cases, and total confirmed cases per million, by country. Data is from the COVID-19 Data Repository by the Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE) at Johns Hopkins University.[note 2]
^Countries which do not report data for a column are not included in that column's world total.
^Data on member states of the European Union are individually listed, but are also summed here for convenience. They are not double-counted in world totals.
The 2022 and 2021 tables below contain the cumulative number of monthly deaths from the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) reported by each country and territory to the World Health Organization (WHO) and published in the WHO's spreadsheets and tables updated daily. See COVID-19 pandemic deaths for tables for all years, and for world maps and graphs.
2022
Sorted by March. Locations link to COVID-19 pages.
Reporting standards vary enormously in different countries. No statistics are particularly accurate, but case and death rates in India (South Asia) and Sub-Saharan Africa in particular are probably much higher than reported.[27][28]
COVID-19 cases and deaths by region, in absolute figures and rates per million inhabitants as of 25 December 2022[29]
COVID-19 cases and deaths by region, in absolute figures and rates per million inhabitants as of 25 December 2022
The table was updated automatically on 15 December 2024.[note 5]
Number and percentage of people who have received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine (unless noted otherwise). May include vaccination of non-citizens, which can push totals beyond 100% of the local population.
^Number of people who have received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine (unless noted otherwise).
^Percentage of population that has received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine. May include vaccination of non-citizens, which can push totals beyond 100% of the local population.
^Countries which do not report data for a column are not included in that column's world total.
^Vaccination note: Countries which do not report the number of people who have received at least one dose are not included in the world total.
^Data on member states of the European Union are individually listed, but are also summed here for convenience. They are not double-counted in world totals.
The pandemic was confirmed to have spread to Africa on 14 February 2020, with the first confirmed case announced in Egypt.[34][35] The first confirmed case in sub-Saharan Africa was announced in Nigeria at the end of February 2020.[36] Within three months, the virus had spread throughout the continent, as Lesotho, the last African sovereign state to have remained free of the virus, reported a case on 13 May 2020.[37][38] By 26 May, it appeared that most African countries were experiencing community transmission, although testing capacity was limited.[39] Most of the identified imported cases arrived from Europe and the United States rather than from China where the virus originated.[40]
In early June 2021, Africa faced a third wave of COVID infections with cases rising in 14 countries.[41] By 4 July the continent recorded more than 251,000 new Covid cases, a 20% increase from the prior week and a 12% increase from the January peak. More than sixteen African countries, including Malawi and Senegal, recorded an uptick in new cases.[42] The World Health Organization labelled it Africa's 'Worst Pandemic Week Ever'.[43]
The government of Egypt denied January 2021 allegations that the shortage of oxygen had killed several COVID-19 patients at one of its hospitals. However, an investigation led by The New York Times confirmed that the authorities had lied. The video of one of Egypt's hospitals treating critical patients using manual ventilation methods went viral on Facebook. The video was posted by Ahmed Nafei, the nephew of a 62-year-old woman who died. In addition, the relatives of the dead patients and the El Husseineya Central Hospital's medical staff also confirmed in an interview given to The New York Times that the cause of death had been the shortage of oxygen.[44]
Due to its remoteness and sparse population, Antarctica was the last continent to have confirmed cases of COVID-19 and was one of the last regions of the world affected directly by the pandemic.[45][46][47] The first cases were reported in December 2020, almost a year after the first cases of COVID-19 were detected in China. At least 36 people are confirmed to have been infected.[48]
COVID-19 deaths per million residents in Asia as of 10 December 2020
≥ 800
600–799
300–599
200–299
100–199
<100
The COVID-19 pandemic began in Asia in Wuhan, Hubei, China, and has spread widely through the continent. As of 20 December 2024,[49] at least one case of COVID-19 had been reported in every country in Asia except Turkmenistan.
The Asian countries with the highest numbers of confirmed coronavirus cases are India, South Korea, Turkey, Vietnam, and Iran.[50] Despite being the first area of the world hit by the outbreak, the early wide-scale response of some Asian states, particularly Bhutan,[51]Singapore,[52]Taiwan,[53] and Vietnam[54] has allowed them to fare comparatively well. China was criticised for initially minimising the severity of the outbreak, but its wide-scale response has largely contained the disease since March 2020.[55][56][57][58]
As of July 2021, the highest numbers of deaths are recorded in India, Indonesia, Iran, and Turkey, each with more than 90,000 deaths and more than 900,000 deaths combined. However, the death toll in Iran and Indonesia are claimed to be much higher than the official figures.[59][60] Per capita, the highest deaths have been disproportionally in several Western Asian states, with Georgia having the highest figure closely followed by Armenia, and Iran in third, whereas China had the lowest.[61]
COVID-19 deaths per million residents in Europe as of 5 February 2022
The global COVID-19 pandemic arrived in Europe with its first confirmed case in Bordeaux, France, on 24 January 2020, and subsequently spread widely across the continent. By 17 March 2020, every country in Europe had confirmed a case,[62] and all have reported at least one death, with the exception of Vatican City.
Italy was the first European country to experience a major outbreak in early 2020, becoming the first country worldwide to introduce a national lockdown.[63] By 13 March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared Europe the epicentre of the pandemic[64][65] and it remained so until the WHO announced it was overtaken by South America on 22 May.[66] By 18 March 2020, lockdowns introduced in Europe affected more than 250 million people.[67] Despite deployment of COVID-19 vaccines, Europe became the pandemic's epicentre once again in late 2021.[68] On 11 January 2022, Dr. Hans Kluge, the WHO Regional Director for Europe said, "more than 50 percent of the population in the region will be infected with Omicron in the next six to eight weeks".[69]
On 26 March 2020, the United States became the country in North America with the highest number of confirmed COVID-19 infections, at over 82,000 cases.[71] On 11 April 2020, the United States became the country in North America with the highest official death toll for COVID-19, at over 20,000 deaths.[72] As of 10 April 2022, there are about 97 million cases and about 1.4 million deaths in North America; about 88.9 million have recovered from COVID-19, meaning that nearly 11 out of 12 cases have recovered or that the recovery rate is nearly 92%.[73]
As of 10 April 2022, the United States has had the highest number of cases in North America, at about 82 million cases, as well as the highest death toll, at over a million deaths. There have been nearly 75.7 million recoveries in the United States as of 10 April 2022, meaning that nearly 12 out of 13 cases in the country have recovered or that the recovery rate is about 92%. On 20 March 2022, the number of COVID-19 deaths in the United States exceeded a million.
As of 10 April 2022, Canada has reported nearly 3.6 million cases and about 38,000 deaths,[74] while Mexico, which was overtaken in terms of the number of cases on 11 March 2022, the second anniversary of the day when the COVID-19 outbreak became a pandemic, by Japan, the second most affected country in East Asia, has reported about 5.7 million cases and about 320,000 deaths.[75] The state in the United States with the highest number of cases and the highest death toll is California, at about 9.1 million cases and nearly 90,000 deaths as of 10 April 2022.[76]
The COVID-19 pandemic was confirmed to have reached Oceania on 25 January 2020 with the first confirmed case reported in Melbourne, Australia.[77] The virus has spread to all sovereign states and territories in the region.[78]Australia and New Zealand were praised for their handling of the pandemic in comparison to other Western nations, with New Zealand and each state in Australia wiping out all community transmission of the virus several times even after re-introduction in the community.[79][80][81]
As a result of the high transmissibility of the Delta variant however, by August 2021, the Australian states of New South Wales and Victoria had conceded defeat in their eradication efforts.[82] In early October 2021, New Zealand also abandoned its elimination strategy.[83][84]
Confirmed cases in South America as of 21 March 2021
1–499 confirmed cases
500–999
1,000–1,999
2,000–4,999
5,000–9,999
10,000–49,999
50,000–99,999
100,000–199,999
200,000+ confirmed cases
The pandemic was confirmed to have reached South America on 26 February 2020 when Brazil confirmed a case in São Paulo.[85] By 3 April, all countries and territories in South America had recorded at least one case.[86]
On 13 May 2020, it was reported that Latin America and the Caribbean had reported over 400,000 cases of COVID-19 infection with, 23,091 deaths. On 22 May 2020, citing the rapid increase of infections in Brazil, the WHO declared South America the epicentre of the pandemic.[87][88]
As of 12 January 2023, South America had recorded 67,331,547 confirmed cases and 1,344,031 deaths from COVID-19. Due to a shortage of testing and medical facilities, it is believed that the outbreak is far larger than the official numbers show.[89]
Parts of this article (those related to crew strandings, case numbers) need to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.(March 2021)
Early in 2020, in the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic, the disease spread to a number of cruise ships, with the nature of such ships – including crowded semi-enclosed areas, increased exposure to new environments, and limited medical resources – contributing to the heightened risk and rapid spread of the disease.[90]
The British-registered Diamond Princess was the first cruise ship to have a major outbreak on board, with the ship quarantined at Yokohama from 4 February 2020 for about a month. Of 3711 passengers and crew, around 700 people became infected and 9 people died.[91][92]
The COVID-19 pandemic spread to many military ships. The nature of these ships, which includes working with others in small enclosed areas and a lack of private quarters for the vast majority of crew, contributed to the rapid spread of the disease, even more so than on cruise ships.[93][94]
Timeline of first confirmed cases by country or territory
First confirmed COVID-19 cases by country or territory
^While the index case was confirmed on 1 December 2019, further investigation opened up the possibility of the infection to have taken place earlier.[95]
^Some foreign analysts believe the virus had spread there by March 2020. A soldier who was shot crossing the China-North Korea border on 20 April 2020 tested positive after being brought to a hospital in China, lending strong evidence to the existence of cases in the country.
As of March 2023[update], Turkmenistan in Central Asia is the only sovereign state in the world which has not reported any confirmed cases of COVID-19.[96][97][98] Cases are strongly suspected, but none have been officially reported. Private citizens have reported hospitals being overwhelmed with patients showing COVID-19-like symptoms, including a very large outbreak in a women's prison that apparently began September 2020. The Turkmenistan government has instead reported a large increase in atypical pneumonia cases.
The last territory in the world to have its first COVID infection was Tokelau, a dependency of New Zealand that reported five cases on 21 December 2022.[99]
^ abOur World in Data (OWID). See Coronavirus Source Data for OWID sourcing info. Excerpt: "Deaths and cases: our data source. Our World in Data relies on data from Johns Hopkins University. ... JHU updates its data multiple times each day. This data is sourced from governments, national and subnational agencies across the world — a full list of data sources for each country is published on Johns Hopkins GitHub site. It also makes its data publicly available there."
^ abcdefghOur World in Data (OWID) maps and graphs on cases and deaths. Click on the download tab to download the image. The table tab has a table of the exact data by country. The source tab reports the data is from the COVID-19 Data Repository by the Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE) at Johns Hopkins University. The image at the source is interactive and provides more detail. For example, for maps move the cursor over the color bar legend to see the countries that apply to that point in the legend. For graphs, put cursor over the graph for more info. See Coronavirus Source Data for more OWID sourcing info.
^ abcdOur World in Data (OWID) vaccination maps. Click on the download tab to download the map. The table tab has a table of the exact data by country. The source tab reports that the data is from verifiable public official sources collated by Our World in Data. The map at the source is interactive and provides more detail. Run the cursor over the color bar legend to see the countries that apply to that point in the legend. There is an OWID vaccination info FAQ.
^Wiens KE, Mawien PN, Rumunu J, Slater D, Jones FK, Moheed S, et al. (March 2021). "Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in Juba, South Sudan: a population-based study". medRxiv10.1101/2021.03.08.21253009v1.
^Timeline of daily new confirmed COVID-19 deaths worldwide per million people. From Our World in Data. The graph at the source is interactive and provides more detail. For example, move cursor over the graph for the date and rate. Multiply that rate number times the world population at the time. Then divide by a million to get the confirmed deaths for that day. For example, the 26 January 2021 daily peak of 1.89 deaths per million people times the world population that year from this source. The 2020 population was listed as 7,794,798,739. Divide that by a million to get 7,794. Multiply that by 1.89 to get 14,731 deaths that day. The actual number of confirmed deaths may be higher or lower that day since the graph is using a rolling 7-day average.
^"Confirmed COVID-19 cases". Our World in Data. Archived from the original on 19 May 2020. Retrieved 4 August 2020. Graph lines at the source are interactive by country.
Nyabola, Nanjala. Strange and Difficult Times: Notes on a Global Pandemic (London: Hurst & Company, 2022) covers Africa, especially Kenya. online book review
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