SARS-CoV-2 Zeta variant

Main article: Variants of SARS-CoV-2

Zeta variant, also known as lineage P.2,^[a] is a variant of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. It was first detected in the state of Rio de Janeiro; it harbors the E484K mutation, but not the N501Y and K417T mutations. It evolved independently in Rio de Janeiro without being directly related to the Gamma variant from Manaus.^[1][2]

Under the simplified naming scheme proposed by the World Health Organization, P.2 was labeled "Zeta variant", and was considered a variant of interest (VOI), but not a variant of concern.^[3] A second wave was preceded in November 2020 by an increase in the prevalence of the Zeta variant among genetic sequences from São Paulo state, deposited into the GISAID database.^[4] As of July 2021, Zeta is no longer considered a variant of interest by the WHO.^[5]

Mutations

The Zeta genome has 3 amino acid mutations: E484K, D614G, and V1176F, all of which are found in the virus's spike protein code.^[6] According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, F565L has been detected in some of the Zeta variant sequences, but not all.^[7]

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  Amino acid mutations of SARS-CoV-2 Zeta variant plotted on a genome map of SARS-CoV-2 with a focus on the spike.^[6]

Notes

1. A sub-lineage of B.1.1.28

References

1. "PANGO lineages Lineage P.2". COV lineages. Archived from the original on April 28, 2021. Retrieved January 28, 2021. P.2... Alias of B.1.1.28.2, Brazilian lineage
2. Voloch, Carolina M.; da Silva Francisco, Ronaldo; de Almeida, Luiz G. P.; Cardoso, Cynthia C.; Brustolini, Otavio J.; Gerber, Alexandra L.; Guimarães, Ana Paula de C.; Mariani, Diana; da Costa, Raissa Mirella; Ferreira, Orlando C.; Cavalcanti, Adriana Cony (April 26, 2021). "Genomic Characterization of a Novel SARS-CoV-2 Lineage from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil". Journal of Virology. 95 (10). doi:10.1128/JVI.00119-21. ISSN 0022-538X. PMC 8139668. PMID 33649194.
3. "Genomic characterisation of an emergent SARS-CoV-2 lineage in Manaus: preliminary findings". Virological. January 12, 2021. Retrieved June 26, 2021.
4. Ranzani, Otavio (2021). "Effectiveness of the CoronaVac vaccine in the elderly population during a Gamma variant-associated epidemic of COVID-19 in Brazil". medRxiv 10.1101/2021.05.19.21257472v3.
5. "Tracking SARS-CoV-2 variants". who.int. World Health Organization.
6. "Spike Variants: Zeta variant, aka P.2". covdb.stanford.edu. Stanford University Coronavirus Antiviral & Resistance Database. July 1, 2021. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
7. "SARS-CoV-2 Variant Classifications and Definitions". CDC.gov. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. February 11, 2020. Retrieved July 5, 2021.