Afonso Pena Júnior

Afonso Pena Júnior
Afonso Pena Júnior
Ministro(a) de Justiça e Negócios Interiores do Brasil
Dados pessoais
Nascimento 25 de dezembro de 1879
Santa Bárbara,  Minas Gerais
Morte 12 de abril de 1968 (88 anos)
Rio de Janeiro, Guanabara Guanabara

Afonso Augusto Moreira Pena Júnior (Santa Bárbara, 25 de dezembro de 1879Rio de Janeiro, 12 de abril de 1968) foi um advogado, professor, político e ensaísta brasileiro. Foi imortal da Academia Brasileira de Letras.

Biografia

Era filho do ex-presidente da República Afonso Penna (1906 - 1909) e de Maria Guilhermina de Oliveira Pena.

Formou-se em Direito pela Faculdade de Direito da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais em 1902. Na mocidade, pertenceu a grupos literários, em Belo Horizonte e cultivou a poesia simbolista.

Foi professor de Direito Internacional Público e de Direito Civil na Faculdade de Direito da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais e secretário do Interior do Estado de Minas Gerais. Foi eleito deputado estadual duas vezes, no período de 1902 a 1912. Deixou o cargo para atuar na campanha civilista, combatendo a candidatura do marechal Hermes da Fonseca, de quem era adversário. Retornou à câmara estadual convidado pelo presidente Artur Bernardes. Atuou ainda como consultor jurídico do Banco do Brasil, cargo de que foi destituído em 1943, por ter assinado o Manifesto dos Mineiros;[1] foi professor de Direito Civil na Faculdade de Direito da Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro; juiz do Tribunal Superior Eleitoral e ministro da Justiça. Foi membro do Instituto Brasileiro de Educação, Ciência e Cultura e reitor da Universidade do Distrito Federal, além de presidente da Comissão Permanente do Livro do Mérito. Foi fundador e o primeiro presidente da União dos Escoteiros do Brasil.

Estudou o enigma da autoria das Cartas chilenas (13 poemas satíricos com estrutura de carta escritos por Critrilo), chegando à conclusão de que o autor era Tomás Antônio Gonzaga. Notabilizou-se também pelo seu estudo sobre a autoria de Arte de Furtar, obra tradicionalmente atribuída ao Padre Antônio Vieira, e que ele, através de aturadas pesquisas, tentou mostrar ter sido escrita por António de Sousa de Macedo. Em 1940, porém, já o historiador Francisco Rodrigues SJ, beneficiando de um achado no arquivo romano da Companhia de Jesus, tinha revelado a verdadeira autoria da obra, que desde então é atribuída, com um consenso crescente, ao jesuíta Manuel da Costa. Ocupou a cadeira 40 da Academia Mineira de Letras.[2]

Obras

  • A educação pelo escotismo (1935)
  • Crítica de atribuição de um manuscrito da Biblioteca da Ajuda - estudo crítico. Rio de Janeiro: Imprensa Nacional, (1943)
  • A Arte de Furtar e o seu autor - ensaio, 2 vols., Livraria José Olympio, Rio de Janeiro e São Paulo, 1946.

Academia Brasileira de Letras

Foi eleito membro da Academia Brasileira de Letras em 22 de maio de 1947 e tomou posse da cadeira 7 em 14 de agosto de 1948, pelas mãos do acadêmico Alceu Amoroso Lima.

Referências

  1. «"Manifesto histórico serviu de exemplo para todo o país"». O tempo. Consultado em 28 de fevereiro de 2014 
  2. «Cadeiras | Academia Mineira de Letras». Consultado em 12 de maio de 2022 

Precedido por
Aníbal Freire da Fonseca
Ministro da Justiça
e
Negócios Interiores do Brasil

1925 — 1926
Sucedido por
Augusto Viana do Castelo
Precedido por
Afrânio Peixoto
ABL - quarto acadêmico da cadeira 7
1947 — 1968
Sucedido por
Hermes Lima

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