알바니아 공산주의의 최후

알바니아의 공산주의 붕괴는 1990년 12월 11일 시작된 소련 외 유럽 지역에서 일어난 마지막 공산주의 붕괴 사건이다. 알바니아 공산주의 정권의 붕괴는 1990년 초 알바니아 각지에서 시위가 일어나고, 1990년 12월 초 알바니아의 수도인 티라나에서 학생 시위가 열리면서 확산되기 시작되었다.[1] 1990년 12월 11일 알바니아 노동당 공산당 중앙위원회는 다당제를 허용하였으며, 다음 날 최대 야당인 알바니아 민주당이 창당되었다.[2] 1991년 3월 열린 제헌의회 선거에서 노동당은 여전히 제1당으로 권력을 가지고 있었으나 총파업과 도심의 저항 운동으로 비공산당을 포함한 '안정된 정부'가 수립되었다. 1992년 알바니아 총선에서는 경제 붕괴와 사회 불안으로 노동당이 대부분의 의석을 잃었으며 살리 베리샤가 이끄는 알바니아 민주당 정권이 수립되었다. 이로써 알바니아 최초의 평화적 정권 교체가 이루어졌다. 한편, 구 알바니아 노동당은 당을 해체하여 사회민주주의로 이념을 수정해 알바니아 사회당이라는 이름으로 부활하였다.

같이 보기

각주

  1. ↑ “Mysteries of December 1990 (Misteret e Dhjetoret)”. TV Klan. 2011년 2월 11일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2017년 10월 26일에 확인함. 
  2. ↑ Fred C. Abrahams (2015년). 《Modern Albania: From Dictatorship to Democracy》. 뉴욕: NYU Press. 169–221쪽. ISBN 0814705111. 2018년 10월 28일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2018년 11월 5일에 확인함. 

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