PROFILBARU.COM

DLX4
Identifiers
Aliases	DLX4, BP1, DLX7, DLX8, DLX9, Dlx-4, OFC15, distal-less homeobox 4
External IDs	OMIM: 601911; MGI: 94904; HomoloGene: 7292; GeneCards: DLX4; OMA:DLX4 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 17 (human)
End	49,974,959 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 11 (mouse)
End	95,037,089 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	buccal mucosa cell; ; tendon of biceps brachii; ; synovial joint; ; testicle; ; periodontal fiber; ; synovial membrane; ; placenta; ; frontal pole; ; pancreatic ductal cell; ; skin of leg;
	Top expressed in
	hair follicle; ; molar; ; stellate reticulum; ; embryo; ; lumbar subsegment of spinal cord; ; embryo; ; lip; ; Apical ectodermal ridge; ; spermatid; ; mandibular prominence;
	More reference expression data
	; ;
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	DNA binding; protein binding; RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding; DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; DNA-binding transcription factor activity; sequence-specific DNA binding; DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific;
Cellular component	nucleus;
Biological process	multicellular organism development; negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	1748
	13394
	ENSG00000108813
	ENSMUSG00000020871
	Q92988
	P70436
	NM_001934; NM_138281
	NM_007867
	NP_001925; NP_612138
	NP_031893
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Homeobox protein DLX-4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DLX4 gene.^[5]

Function

Many vertebrate homeobox-containing genes have been identified on the basis of their sequence similarity with Drosophila developmental genes. Members of the Dlx gene family contain a homeobox that is related to that of Distal-less (Dll), a gene expressed in the head and limbs of the developing fruit fly. The Distal-less (Dlx) family of genes comprises at least 6 different members, DLX1-DLX6. The DLX proteins are postulated to play a role in forebrain and craniofacial development. Three transcript variants have been described for this gene, however, the full length nature of one variant has not been described. Studies of the two splice variants revealed that one encoded isoform (BP1) functions as a repressor of the beta-globin gene while the other isoform lacks that function.^[5]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000108813 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000020871 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ ^a ^b "Entrez Gene: DLX4 distal-less homeobox 4".

Nakamura S, Stock DW, Wydner KL, Bollekens JA, Takeshita K, Nagai BM, Chiba S, Kitamura T, Freeland TM (1997). "Genomic analysis of a new mammalian distal-less gene: Dlx7". Genomics. 38 (3): 314–24. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0634. PMID 8975708.
Quinn LM, Johnson BV, Nicholl J, Sutherland GR, Kalionis B (1997). "Isolation and identification of homeobox genes from the human placenta including a novel member of the Distal-less family, DLX4". Gene. 187 (1): 55–61. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(96)00706-8. PMID 9073066.
Morasso MI, Yonescu R, Griffin CA, Sargent TD (1997). "Localization of human DLX8 to chromosome 17q21.3-q22 by fluorescence in situ hybridization". Mamm. Genome. 8 (4): 302–3. doi:10.1007/s003359900427. PMID 9096128. S2CID 7448287.
Price JA, Bowden DW, Wright JT, Pettenati MJ, Hart TC (1998). "Identification of a mutation in DLX3 associated with tricho-dento-osseous (TDO) syndrome". Hum. Mol. Genet. 7 (3): 563–9. doi:10.1093/hmg/7.3.563. PMID 9467018.
Quinn LM, Latham SE, Kalionis B (1998). "A distal-less class homeobox gene, DLX4, is a candidate for regulating epithelial-mesenchymal cell interactions in the human placenta". Placenta. 19 (1): 87–93. doi:10.1016/S0143-4004(98)90103-5. PMID 9481790.
Quinn LM, Kilpatrick LM, Latham SE, Kalionis B (1998). "Homeobox genes DLX4 and HB24 are expressed in regions of epithelial-mesenchymal cell interaction in the adult human endometrium". Mol. Hum. Reprod. 4 (5): 497–501. doi:10.1093/molehr/4.5.497. PMID 9665637.
Quinn LM, Latham SE, Kalionis B (2000). "The homeobox genes MSX2 and MOX2 are candidates for regulating epithelial-mesenchymal cell interactions in the human placenta". Placenta. 21 Suppl A: S50–4. doi:10.1053/plac.1999.0514. PMID 10831122.
Haga SB, Fu S, Karp JE, Ross DD, Williams DM, Hankins WD, Behm F, Ruscetti FW, Chang M (2000). "BP1, a new homeobox gene, is frequently expressed in acute leukemias". Leukemia. 14 (11): 1867–75. doi:10.1038/sj.leu.2401912. PMID 11069021. S2CID 24099984.
Masuda Y, Sasaki A, Shibuya H, Ueno N, Ikeda K, Watanabe K (2001). "Dlxin-1, a novel protein that binds Dlx5 and regulates its transcriptional function". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (7): 5331–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M008590200. PMID 11084035.
Fu S, Stevenson H, Strovel JW, Haga SB, Stamberg J, Do K, Berg PE (2002). "Distinct functions of two isoforms of a homeobox gene, BP1 and DLX7, in the regulation of the beta-globin gene". Gene. 278 (1–2): 131–9. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(01)00716-8. PMID 11707330.
Sumiyama K, Irvine SQ, Stock DW, Weiss KM, Kawasaki K, Shimizu N, Shashikant CS, Miller W, Ruddle FH (2002). "Genomic structure and functional control of the Dlx3-7 bigene cluster". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (2): 780–5. Bibcode:2002PNAS...99..780S. doi:10.1073/pnas.012584999. PMC 117382. PMID 11792834.
Chase MB, Fu S, Haga SB, Davenport G, Stevenson H, Do K, Morgan D, Mah AL, Berg PE (2002). "BP1, a Homeodomain-Containing Isoform of DLX4, Represses the β-Globin Gene". Mol. Cell. Biol. 22 (8): 2505–14. doi:10.1128/MCB.22.8.2505-2514.2002. PMC 133721. PMID 11909945.
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, Derge JG, Klausner RD, Collins FS, Wagner L, Shenmen CM, Schuler GD (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
Neufing PJ, Kalionis B, Horsfall DJ, Ricciardelli C, Stahl J, Vivekanandan S, Raymond W, Tilley WD (2003). "Expression and localization of homeodomain proteins DLX4/HB9 in normal and malignant human breast tissues". Anticancer Res. 23 (2B): 1479–88. PMID 12820413.
Zoueva OP, Rodgers GP (2004). "Inhibition of beta protein 1 expression enhances beta-globin promoter activity and beta-globin mRNA levels in the human erythroleukemia (K562) cell line". Exp. Hematol. 32 (8): 700–8. doi:10.1016/j.exphem.2004.05.024. PMID 15308321.
Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R (2004). "The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
Mpollo MS, Beaudoin M, Berg PE, Beauchemin H, d'Agati V, Trudel M (2006). "BP1 is a negative modulator of definitive erythropoiesis". Nucleic Acids Res. 34 (18): 5232–7. doi:10.1093/nar/gkl680. PMC 1636446. PMID 17003054.
Murthi P, Said JM, Doherty VL, Donath S, Nowell C, Brennecke S, Kalionis B (2007). "Homeobox gene DLX4 expression is increased in idiopathic human fetal growth restriction". Mol. Hum. Reprod. 12 (12): 763–9. doi:10.1093/molehr/gal087. PMID 17062780.
Tomida S, Yanagisawa K, Koshikawa K, Yatabe Y, Mitsudomi T, Osada H, Takahashi T (2007). "Identification of a metastasis signature and the DLX4 homeobox protein as a regulator of metastasis by combined transcriptome approach". Oncogene. 26 (31): 4600–8. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1210242. PMID 17260014.