2010 United States House of Representatives elections
House elections for the 112th U.S. Congress
2010 United States House of Representatives elections Turnout 40.9%[ 1] 13.6 pp
Results: Democratic hold Democratic gain Republican hold Republican gain
The 2010 United States House of Representatives elections were held on November 2, 2010, as part of the 2010 midterm elections during President Barack Obama 's first term in office. Voters of the 50 U.S. states chose 435 U.S. Representatives to serve in the 112th United States Congress . Also, voters of the U.S. territories, commonwealths and District of Columbia chose their non-voting delegates .[ b] U.S. Senate elections and various state and local elections were held on the same date.
Republicans regained control of the U.S. House they had lost in the 2006 midterm election , picking up a net total of 63 seats and erasing the gains Democrats made in 2006 and 2008 . Although the sitting president's party usually loses seats in a midterm election, the 2010 election resulted in the highest losses by a party in a House midterm election since 1938 ,[ 6] [ 7] as well as the largest House swing since 1948 .[ 8] In total, 52 House Democrats were defeated, including 34 freshman and sophomore representatives.
Republicans made their largest gain in House seats since 1938.[ 9] Three Democratic committee chairmen were defeated: transportation chairman Jim Oberstar of Minnesota, armed services chairman Ike Skelton of Missouri, and budget chairman John Spratt of South Carolina. Democrats made three pick-ups, winning an open seat in Delaware and defeating Republican incumbents in Hawaii and Louisiana.
The heavy Democratic Party losses in 2010 were attributed to anger at President Obama, opposition to the Affordable Care Act and American Recovery and Reinvestment Act , large budget deficits, and the weak economy.[ 10] [ 11] [ 12]
This is the last election in which Democrats won a seat in Arkansas , and the last in which Republicans won more than one seat in Maryland , as well as both seats in New Hampshire .
Background
An anti-Pelosi "Boehner for Speaker" bumper sticker on a car window.
Following the 2006 elections , Democrats took control of the House as well as the Senate. In the 2008 elections , which coincided with Democrat Barack Obama 's victory over Republican John McCain for the presidency , Democrats increased their majorities in both chambers. Of the 435 congressional districts, 242 were carried by Obama, while 193 voted for McCain. Of the districts Obama won, 34 elected a Republican to the House, while 49 of the districts McCain won elected a Democrat.[ 13]
Republican gains
The Republicans' 63-seat pickup in the House to take control of that chamber, as well as their gain of six Senate seats, signified a dramatic rollback of recent Democratic gains. In the election, Republicans won their greatest number of House seats since 1946.[ 14] This has been attributed to the continued economic recession, as well as President Obama's controversial stimulus and health care reform bills. Republicans also took control of 29 of the 50 state governorships and gained 690 seats in state legislatures, to hold their greatest number since the 1928 elections.[ 15]
Republicans also made historic gains in state legislatures , adding more than 675 state legislative seats, by far surpassing their state-legislative gains in 1994.[ 16] [ 17] Republicans gained control of dozens of state legislative chambers,[ 16] and took control of "seven more legislatures outright than they did after 1994 and the most since 1952."[ 17] Republicans picked up control of the Alabama Legislature for the first time since Reconstruction ; control of the North Carolina Senate for the first time since 1870; and control of the Minnesota Senate for the first time since the state returned to partisan elections in 1974.[ 16] [ 17]
The Great Lakes region , which until then had recently favored the Democratic Party, went strongly Republican. In California and the Pacific Northwest , however, the Democrats retained the upper hand.[ 18] The biggest change in 2010 occurred in the Southeastern United States, which had previously been roughly evenly split between Democrats and Republicans for everything except for president. Just one white Democrat from the Deep South won reelection to the US House in 2010. Prior to 2010, many white conservative southerners had voted Republican for president, but Democratic for other offices.[ 19]
Results summary
Federal
↓
242
193
Republican
Democratic
Parties (and Independents)
Seats
Popular vote
2008
2010
Share
Vote
%
Republican Party
178
242
64
55.6%
44,829,751
51.7%
9.1%
Democratic Party
257
193
64
44.4%
38,980,192
44.9%
8.3%
Libertarian Party
—
—
—
—
1,010,891
1.2%
0.3%
Independent
—
—
—
—
516,733
0.6%
Green Party
—
—
—
—
252,688
0.3%
0.2%
Constitution Party
—
—
—
—
195,008
0.2%
0.1%
Independence Party
—
—
—
—
139,473
0.2%
0.1%
American Independent Party
—
—
—
—
56,907
0.1%
0.1%
Others
—
—
—
—
799,461
0.9%
0.8%
Totals
435
435
0
100.0%
86,781,104
100.0%
Popular vote
Republican
51.66%
Democratic
44.92%
Libertarian
1.16%
Green
0.29%
Others
1.97%
House seats
Republican
55.63%
Democratic
44.37%
Sources: House Clerk – Statistics of the Congressional Election, 2010
Voter demographics
2010 U.S. House vote by demographic subgroup
Demographic subgroup
DEM
GOP
Other
% of total vote
Total vote
45
52
3
100
Ideology
Liberals
90
8
2
20
Moderates
55
42
3
38
Conservatives
13
84
3
42
Party
Democrats
91
7
2
35
Republicans
5
94
1
35
Independents
37
56
7
29
Gender
Men
41
55
4
48
Women
48
49
3
52
Race/ethnicity
White
37
60
3
77
Black
89
9
2
11
Asian
58
40
2
2
Other
53
44
3
2
Hispanic (of any race)
60
38
2
8
Gender by race/ethnicity
White men
34
62
4
38
White women
39
58
3
40
Black men
86
13
1
5
Black women
92
6
2
6
Latino men (of any race)
55
44
1
4
Latino women (of any race)
65
33
2
4
All other races
55
42
3
4
Religion
Protestant
38
59
3
55
Catholic
44
54
2
23
Jewish
n/a
n/a
n/a
2
Other religion
74
24
2
8
None
68
30
2
12
Religious service attendance
Weekly
40
58
2
48
Less than weekly
53
44
3
52
White evangelical or born-again Christian
White evangelical or born-again Christian
19
77
4
25
Everyone else
55
42
3
75
Age
18–24 years old
57
39
4
6
25–29 years old
54
44
2
6
30–39 years old
47
48
5
14
40–49 years old
43
54
3
21
50–64 years old
46
52
2
32
65 and older
38
59
3
21
Sexual orientation
LGBT
69
29
2
3
Non-LGBT
46
52
2
97
Education
Not a high school graduate
57
36
7
3
High school graduate
46
52
2
17
Some college education
43
53
4
28
College graduate
40
58
2
30
Postgraduate education
53
45
2
21
Education by race/ethnicity
White college graduates
39
58
3
42
White no college degree
33
63
4
35
Non-white college graduates
70
28
2
9
Non-white no college degree
75
23
2
13
Family income
Under $30,000
57
40
3
17
$30,000–49,999
51
46
3
19
$50,000–74,999
45
51
4
21
$75,000–99,999
42
56
2
15
$100,000–199,999
43
56
1
19
Over $200,000
34
64
2
8
Family income by race
Whites under $50,000
42
54
4
25
Whites over $50,000
37
61
3
53
Non-whites under $50,000
80
19
1
11
Non-whites over $50,000
69
29
2
11
Union households
Union
61
37
2
17
Non-union
43
54
3
83
Issue regarded as most important
War in Afghanistan
58
40
2
7
Health care
51
47
2
18
Economy
43
54
3
63
Illegal immigration
26
68
6
8
Region
Northeast
54
44
2
21
Midwest
44
53
3
25
South
37
61
2
31
West
49
48
3
23
Community size
Urban
56
41
3
31
Suburban
42
55
3
49
Rural
36
61
3
20
Source: CNN exit poll[ 20]
Maps
Retiring incumbents
37 incumbents retired.
Democrats
17 incumbent Democrats retired.
Republicans
19 incumbent Republicans retired.
Incumbents defeated
There were nine Democrats who survived reelection in the 1994 Republican Revolution , but were defeated this year.
Lost renomination
Democrats
Two Democrats lost renomination. One seat was held by Democrats, while the other flipped to Republicans.
Republicans
Two Republicans lost renomination. Both seats were eventually held by Republicans.
Lost re-election
54 incumbents lost in the general election; all but two were Democrats. Many of the Democrats who lost had been initially elected in the Democratic wave years of 2006 and 2008, and several others were longtime incumbents from the southeast.[ 55]
Democrats
52 Democrats lost re-election.
Alabama 2 , Bobby Bright (first elected in 2008) lost to Martha Roby
Arizona 1 , Ann Kirkpatrick (first elected in 2008) lost to Paul Gosar
Arizona 5 , Harry Mitchell (first elected in 2006) lost to David Schweikert
Colorado 3 , John Salazar (first elected in 2004) lost to Scott Tipton
Colorado 4 , Betsy Markey (first elected in 2008) lost to Cory Gardner
Florida 2 , Allen Boyd (first elected in 1996) lost to Steve Southerland
Florida 8 , Alan Grayson (first elected in 2008) lost to Daniel Webster
Florida 22 , Ron Klein (first elected in 2006) lost to Allen West
Florida 24 , Suzanne Kosmas (first elected in 2008) lost to Sandy Adams
Georgia 8 , Jim Marshall (first elected in 2002) lost to Austin Scott
Idaho 1 , Walt Minnick (first elected in 2008) lost to Raúl Labrador
Illinois 8 , Melissa Bean (first elected in 2004) lost to Joe Walsh
Illinois 11 , Debbie Halvorson (first elected in 2008) lost to Adam Kinzinger
Illinois 14 , Bill Foster (first elected in 2008) lost to Randy Hultgren
Illinois 17 , Phil Hare (first elected in 2006) lost to Bobby Schilling
Indiana 9 , Baron Hill (originally elected in 1998) lost to Todd Young
Maryland 1 , Frank Kratovil (first elected in 2008) lost to Andrew P. Harris
Michigan 7 , Mark Schauer (first elected in 2008) lost to Tim Walberg
Minnesota 8 , Jim Oberstar (first elected in 1974) lost to Chip Cravaack
Mississippi 1 , Travis Childers (first elected in 2008) lost to Alan Nunnelee
Mississippi 4 , Gene Taylor (first elected in 1989) lost to Steven Palazzo
Missouri 4 , Ike Skelton (first elected in 1976) lost to Vicky Hartzler
Nevada 3 , Dina Titus (first elected in 2008) lost to Joe Heck
New Hampshire 1 , Carol Shea-Porter (first elected in 2006) lost to Frank Guinta
New Jersey 3 , John Adler (first elected in 2008) lost to Jon Runyan
New Mexico 2 , Harry Teague (first elected in 2008) lost to Steve Pearce
New York 13 , Michael McMahon (first elected in 2008) lost to Michael Grimm
New York 19 , John Hall (first elected in 2006) lost to Nan Hayworth
New York 20 , Scott Murphy (first elected in 2009) lost to Chris Gibson
New York 24 , Mike Arcuri (first elected in 2006) lost to Richard Hanna
New York 25 , Dan Maffei (first elected in 2008) lost to Ann Marie Buerkle
North Carolina 2 , Bob Etheridge (first elected in 1996) lost to Renee Ellmers
North Dakota at-large , Earl Pomeroy (first elected in 1992) lost to Rick Berg
Ohio 1 , Steve Driehaus (first elected in 2008) lost to Steve Chabot
Ohio 6 , Charlie Wilson (first elected in 2006) lost to Bill Johnson
Ohio 15 , Mary Jo Kilroy (first elected in 2008) lost to Steve Stivers
Ohio 16 , John Boccieri (first elected in 2008) lost to Jim Renacci
Ohio 18 , Zack Space (first elected in 2006) lost to Bob Gibbs
Pennsylvania 3 , Kathy Dahlkemper (first elected in 2008) lost to Mike Kelly
Pennsylvania 8 , Patrick Murphy (first elected in 2006) lost to Mike Fitzpatrick
Pennsylvania 10 , Chris Carney (first elected in 2006) lost to Tom Marino
Pennsylvania 11 , Paul E. Kanjorski (first elected in 1984) lost to Lou Barletta
South Carolina 5 , John Spratt (first elected in 1982) lost to Mick Mulvaney
South Dakota at-large , Stephanie Herseth Sandlin (first elected in 2004) lost to Kristi Noem
Tennessee 4 , Lincoln Davis (first elected in 2002) lost to Scott DesJarlais
Texas 17 , Chet Edwards (first elected in 1990) lost to Bill Flores
Texas 23 , Ciro Rodriguez (originally elected in 1996) lost to Quico Canseco
Texas 27 , Solomon P. Ortiz (first elected in 1982) lost to Blake Farenthold
Virginia 2 , Glenn Nye (first elected in 2008) lost to Scott Rigell
Virginia 5 , Tom Perriello (first elected in 2008) lost to Robert Hurt
Virginia 9 , Rick Boucher (first elected in 1982) lost to Morgan Griffith
Wisconsin 8 , Steve Kagen (first elected in 2006) lost to Reid Ribble
Republicans
Two Republicans lost re-election.
Open seats that changed parties
Democratic seats won by Republicans
14 open seats, held by Democrats, were won by Republicans.
Republican seats won by Democrats
One open seat, held by a Republican, was won by a Democrat.
Closest races
Eighty-four races were decided by 10% or lower.
Election ratings
Special elections
There were six special elections in 2010 to the 111th United States Congress , listed here by date and district.
District
Incumbent
This race
Member
Party
First elected
Results
Candidates
Florida 19
Robert Wexler
Democratic
1996
Incumbent resigned January 3, 2010 to become Director of the Center for Middle East Peace . New member elected April 13, 2010 . Democratic hold.
▌ Y Ted Deutch (Democratic) 62.1%
▌ Edward Lynch (Republican) 35.2%
▌ Jim McCormick (Independent) 2.7%
Pennsylvania 12
John Murtha
Democratic
1974 (special)
Incumbent died February 8, 2010, due to surgery complications . New member elected May 18, 2010 . Democratic hold.
Hawaii 1
Neil Abercrombie
Democratic
1990
Incumbent resigned February 28, 2010 to run for Governor of Hawaii . New member elected May 22, 2010 .Republican gain.
Georgia 9
Nathan Deal
Republican
1992 [ d]
Incumbent resigned March 21, 2010 to run for Governor of Georgia . New member elected June 8, 2010 . Republican hold.
Indiana 3
Mark Souder
Republican
1994
Incumbent resigned May 21, 2010 amid affair scandal. New member elected November 2, 2010 . Republican hold.
▌ Y Marlin Stutzman (Republican) 62.7%
▌ Tom Hayhurst (Democratic) 33.0%
▌ Scott W. Wise (Libertarian) 4.3%
New York 29
Eric Massa
Democratic
2008
Incumbent resigned March 8, 2010 following sexual misconduct allegations. New member elected November 2, 2010 .Republican gain.
▌ Y Tom Reed (Republican) 56.7%
▌ Matthew Zeller (Democratic) 43.1%[ 57]
Alabama
Alabama's congressional districts
Alaska
Alaska's results
Arizona
Arizona's results
Arkansas
California
California's results
Colorado
Colorado's results
Connecticut
Delaware
District
Incumbent
Results
Candidates[ 64]
District
Cook PVI (2008)
Representative
Party
First elected
Delaware at-large
D+7
Mike Castle
Republican
1992
Incumbent retired to run for U.S. Senator .Democratic gain.
▌ Y John Carney (Democratic) 56.8%
▌ Glen Urquhart (Republican) 41.0%
▌ Earl Lofland (Independent Party) 1.2%
▌ Brent Wangen (Libertarian) 0.6%
▌ Jeff Brown (Blue Enigma) 0.4%
Florida
Florida's results
Georgia
Georgia's results
Hawaii
Hawaii's results
Idaho
Idaho's results
District
Incumbent
Results
Candidates[ 68]
District
Cook PVI (2008)
Representative
Party
First elected
Idaho 1
R+18
Walt Minnick
Democratic
2008
Incumbent lost re-election.Republican gain.
▌ Y Raúl Labrador (Republican) 51.0%
▌ Walt Minnick (Democratic) 41.3%
▌ Dave Olson (Independent) 5.8%
▌ Mike Washburn (Libertarian) 1.9%
Idaho 2
R+17
Mike Simpson
Republican
1998
Incumbent re-elected.
▌ Y Mike Simpson (Republican) 68.8%
▌ Mike Crawford (Democratic) 24.4%
▌ Brian Schad (Independent) 6.8%
Illinois
Illinois's results
Indiana
Indiana's results
Iowa
Iowa's results
Kansas
Kansas's results
Kentucky
Kentucky's results
Louisiana
Louisiana's results
Maine
Maine's results
Maryland
Massachusetts
Massachusetts's results
Michigan
Michigan's results
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Montana's results
Nebraska
Nevada
Nevada's results
District
Incumbent
Results
Candidates[ 83]
District
Cook PVI (2008)
Representative
Party
First elected
Nevada 1
D+10
Shelley Berkley
Democratic
1998
Incumbent re-elected.
Nevada 2
R+5
Dean Heller
Republican
2006
Incumbent re-elected.
▌ Y Dean Heller (Republican) 63.3%
▌ Nancy Price (Democratic) 32.7%
▌ Russell Best (Independent American) 4.0%
Nevada 3
D+2
Dina Titus
Democratic
2008
Incumbent lost re-election.Republican gain.
▌ Y Joe Heck (Republican) 48.1%
▌ Dina Titus (Democratic) 47.5%
▌ Barry Michaels (Independent) 2.4%
▌ Joe Silvestri (Libertarian) 1.5%
▌ Scott Narder (Independent American) 0.5%
New Hampshire
New Hampshire's results
New Jersey
New Jersey's results
New Mexico
New Mexico's results
New York
New York's results
North Carolina
North Carolina's results
North Dakota
North Dakota's results
Ohio
Ohio's results
Oklahoma
Oklahoma's results
Oregon
Oregon's results
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania's results
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Carolina's results
South Dakota
South Dakota's results
Tennessee
Tennessee's results
District
Incumbent
Results
Candidates[ 97]
District
Cook PVI (2008)
Representative
Party
First elected
Tennessee 1
R+21
Phil Roe
Republican
2008
Incumbent re-elected.
Tennessee 2
R+16
Jimmy Duncan
Republican
1998
Incumbent re-elected.
▌ Y Jimmy Duncan (Republican) 81.7%
▌ Dave Hancock (Democratic) 14.7%
▌ Joe Leinweber (Independent) 1.4%
▌ Andy Andrew (Independent) 1.2%
▌ Greg Samples (Libertarian) 0.7%
▌ Jim Headings (Constitution) 0.3%
Tennessee 3
R+13
Zach Wamp
Republican
1994
Incumbent retired to run for Governor of Tennessee . Republican hold.
▌ Don Barkman (Independent) 0.5%
▌ Greg Goodwin (Independent) 0.2%
▌ Robert Humphries (Independent) 0.2%
▌ Mo Kiah (Libertarian) 0.1%
Tennessee 4
R+13
Lincoln Davis
Democratic
2002
Incumbent lost reelection.Republican gain.
▌ James Gray (Independent) 0.9%
▌ Richard Johnson (Independent) 0.5%
Tennessee 5
D+3
Jim Cooper
Democratic
1982 1994 (retired) 2002
Incumbent re-elected.
▌ Stephen Collings (Libertarian) 0.3%
▌ John Smith (Independent) 0.3%
▌ Jackie Miller (Independent) 0.3%
▌ John Miglietta (Green) 0.2%
▌ Bill Crook (Independent) 0.2%
▌ James Whitfield (Independent) 0.2%
▌ Joe Moore (Independent) 0.1%
▌ Clark Taylor (Independent) 0.1%
Tennessee 6
R+13
Bart Gordon
Democratic
1984
Incumbent retired.Republican gain.
▌ David Purcell (Independent) 0.7%
▌ Tommy Hay (Independent) 0.7%
▌ Brandon Gore (Independent) 0.6%
▌ Stephen Sprague (Independent) 0.3%
Tennessee 7
R+18
Marsha Blackburn
Republican
2002
Incumbent re-elected.
Tennessee 8
R+6
John Tanner
Democratic
1988
Incumbent retired.Republican gain.
▌ Y Stephen Fincher (Republican) 59.0%
▌ Roy Herron (Democratic) 38.8%
▌ Donn Janes (Independent) 1.5%
▌ Mark Rawles (Independent) 0.7%
Tennessee 9
D+23
Steve Cohen
Democratic
2006
Incumbent re-elected.
▌ Sandra Sullivan (Independent) 0.5%
▌ Perry Steele (Independent) 0.4%
Texas
Texas's results
Utah
Utah's results
District
Incumbent
Results
Candidates[ 99]
District
Cook PVI (2008)
Representative
Party
First elected
Utah 1
R+21
Rob Bishop
Republican
2002
Incumbent re-elected.
▌ Y Rob Bishop (Republican) 69.2%
▌ Morgan Bowen (Democratic) 23.9%
▌ Kirk Pearson (Constitution) 4.7%
▌ Jared Paul Stratton (Libertarian) 2.2%
Utah 2
R+15
Jim Matheson
Democratic
2000
Incumbent re-elected.
▌ Dave Glissmeyer (Independent) 0.9%
▌ Wayne Hill (Independent) 0.7%
Utah 3
R+26
Jason Chaffetz
Republican
2008
Incumbent re-elected.
▌ Y Jason Chaffetz (Republican) 72.3%
▌ Karen Hyer (Democratic) 22.9%
▌ Douglas Sligting (Constitution) 2.4%
▌ Jake Shannon (Libertarian) 1.5%
▌ Joseph Puente (Independent) 0.8%
Vermont
Vermont's results
Virginia
Washington
Washington's results
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Wyoming's results
Non-voting delegates
The House of Representatives includes five Delegates from the District of Columbia and outlying territories elected to two-year terms and one Resident Commissioner of Puerto Rico elected to a four-year term (for which the last election was held in 2008, so the seat was not up for reelection in 2010). These delegates are not allowed to vote on the floor of the House of Representatives.
See also
Notes
^ In addition, five of the six non-voting delegates in the U.S. House of Representatives were elected.
^ The nonvoting delegates represent the District of Columbia; the territories of American Samoa, Guam and the Virgin Islands; and the commonwealths of the Northern Mariana Islands and Puerto Rico, see 48 U.S.C. § 16 . They are all chosen biennially except for Puerto Rico's delegate , who is elected every four years and next faced reelection in 2012.
^ "tipping-point state "
^ Deal was originally elected as a Democrat. He switched parties in April 1995.
^ Griffith was first elected as a Democrat. He became a Republican in December 2008.
^ Alexander was first elected as a Democrat. He became a Republican in August 2004.
^ Hall was first elected as a Democrat. He became a Republican in January 2004.
References
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^
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Further reading
Abramson, Paul R. John H Aldrich and David W Rohde, Change and Continuity in the 2008 and 2010 Elections (2011)
Bullock, Charles S., III et al. Key States, High Stakes: Sarah Palin, the Tea Party, and the 2010 Elections (2011) excerpt and text search
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