The 1824–25 United States House of Representatives elections were held on various dates in various states between July 7, 1824, and August 30, 1825. Each state set its own date for its elections to the House of Representatives before the first session of the 19th United States Congress convened on December 5, 1825. Elections were held for all 213 seats, representing 24 states.
Though Andrew Jackson lost the contingent election, public attitudes toward the charismatic, famous Jackson mainly determined the new alignment. Partisans of Jackson often were called Jacksonians, by 1828 adopting the Democratic Party label. Opponents of Jackson often were called Anti-Jacksonians, coalescing under the leadership of newly elected President John Quincy Adams and soon forming the National Republican Party.[2]
Though both parties were new, and were not continuations of old parties, Jacksonians were more similar to the former Democratic-Republicans, while National Republicans were more similar to the former Federalists and also were political ancestors to the future Whig Party. Leadership of the National Republicans in opposition to Jackson later would transition to Henry Clay, whose support of Adams determined the contingent election.
Election summaries
Representatives regrouped into Jackson supporters and Adams supporters (comprising the Adams-Clay faction in the contingent election), while supporters of William Crawford, whose ill health and retirement had indirectly helped trigger the realignment, divided between the two factions with 33 going to the Adams-Clay faction and 22 going to the Jackson faction.
Incumbent died September 8, 1824. New member electedin 1824. Democratic-Republican hold. Successor seated December 23, 1824.[3] Successor not elected to the next term; see below.
Incumbent died October 15, 1824, having already either retired or lost re-election. New member electedin 1824. Democratic-Republican hold. Successor seated December 13, 1824.[3] Successor had not been a candidate to the next term; see below.
Incumbent died February 29, 1824. New member electedin 1824. Democratic-Republican hold. Successor seated April 8, 1824.[3] Successor later re-elected to the next term; see below.
Incumbent resigned April 20, 1824. New member electedOctober 12, 1824. Democratic-Republican hold. Successor seated December 23, 1824.[3] Successor also elected the same day to the next term; see below.
Incumbent resigned sometime in 1824. New member electedOctober 12, 1824. Democratic-Republican hold. Successor seated December 6, 1824.[3] Successor also elected the same day to the next term; see below.
John Bailey (Democratic-Republican) declared not entitled to seat in previous election. Bailey was then re-elected on the third ballot November 29, 1824. Democratic-Republican gain. Successor seated December 13, 1824.[3] Successor later elected to the next term; see below.
Incumbent resigned December 6, 1824, when elected U.S. Senator. New member electedin 1824. Democratic-Republican hold. Successor seated February 7, 1825.[3] Successor had not been a candidate for the next term; see below.
Incumbent resigned March 23, 1824, when elected Governor of North Carolina. New member electedJanuary 6, 1825. Democratic-Republican hold. Successor seated January 19, 1825.[3] Successor later elected to the next term; see below.
Representative-elect James Miller declined to serve. New member electedMarch 8, 1825. Anti-Jacksonian gain. Successor seated December 5, 1825, with the rest of the Congress.
Incumbent resigned March 7, 1825, when appointed U.S. Minister to Mexico. New member electedMay 17, 1825. Jacksonian hold. Successor seated December 5, 1825.[4]
Incumbent resigned March 6, 1825, when appointed U.S. Secretary of State. New member electedAugust 1, 1825. Anti-Jacksonian hold. Successor seated December 5, 1825.[4]
Incumbent resigned August 26, 1825, before the assembling of Congress. New member electedin 1825. Jacksonian hold. Successor seated December 5, 1825.[4]
Georgia elected its members October 4, 1824. There were only 7 candidates who ran statewide in 1824. There were several other candidates who received votes in a small number of states, but vote totals were only available for the seven winning candidates. The minor candidates only received a few hundred votes each.
Maine elected its members September 13, 1824. Maine law required a majority vote for election, n Maine law required a majority vote for electionecessitating additional ballots in the 3rd and 4th districts on January 3, 1825, April 4, 1825, and September 12, 1825.
Massachusetts elected its members November 1, 1824. Massachusetts had a majority requirement for election, which necessitated additional elections held January 3, 1825, April 1, 1825, and August 1, 1825.
New Hampshire elected its members between November 1, 1824, and March 8, 1825. New Hampshire law required candidates to receive votes from a majority of voters for election. As only five candidates received votes from a majority of voters, a run-off election had to be held for the sixth seat on March 8, 1825.
Rhode Island elected its members August 30, 1825, after the term began but before the new Congress convened. Rhode Island law required a candidate receive votes from a majority of voters for election, as only one candidate received a majority in this election, a Rhode Island law required a candidate receive votes from a majority of voters for election, as only one candidate received a majority in this electionsecond election was held for the remaining seat.
Vermont elected its members September 7, 1824. Congressional districts were re-established in Vermont for the 1824 election. Vermont had used an at-large district 1812-1818 and 1822. A majority was required for election, which was not met in the 1st district, necessitating a second election December 6, 1824.
^ In the case of the Anti-Jacksonians (aka. Adams Men), there were 72 "Adams-Clay" Democratic-Republicans and 15 "Adams-Clay" Federalists, for a total of 87 Anti-Jacksonians, in the U.S. House before the 1824 election.
^ ab The Jacksonians and Anti-Jacksonians were two factions of the Democratic-Republican Party (mostly) that parted ways in 1824. Each member of Congress chose an allegiance before the 1824 election was held, so changes only indicate seats gained by each faction during the election.
^ In the case of the Jacksonians, there were 64 "Jackson" Democrat-Republicans and 7 "Jackson" Federalists, for a total of 71 Jacksonians, in the U.S. House before the 1824 election.
^n Vermont required a majority for electionecessitating an additional election held December 6, 1824.
^n Maine had a majority requirement for electionecessitating additional elections held January 3, April 4, and September 12, 1825.
^ Massachusetts had a majority requirement for election, which necessitated additional elections held January 3, April 1, and August 1, 1825.
^ Run-off election for 6th seat held March 8, 1825.
^ Run-off election for second seat held November 25, 1825.
^Although a majority was reached in the second ballot, a third ballot was ordered because elections had not been held in Holland and South Brimfield.[citation needed]
^ abcde In New York's 20th district, Egbert Ten Eyck (Jacksonian) was initially declared the winner of the second seat. However, Daniel Hugunin Jr. (Anti-Jacksonian) successfully contested the election on the basis that 275 votes had been certified for "Daniel Hugunin, Junior" and another 195 for "Daniel Hugunin," and that those votes were intended for him. The House Committee on Elections concurred and the seat was awarded to Hugunin, who was seated December 15, 1825.
^ Source does not give complete data, but partial returns available in source suggest a very large margin.