Zwarte Piet

Zwarte Piet sammen med Sinterklaas

Zwarte Piet («Svartepetter») ifølge folketradisjoner i Nederland og Flandern medhjelperen til Sankt Nikolas i forbindelse med feiringen av Sinterklaas, som foregår i Nederland den 5. desember og i Flandern den 6. Under feiringen kaster Zwarte Piet godteri og peppernøtter til alle «snille» barn.

Ifølge mer moderne Sankt Nikolas-forestillinger er Zwarte Piet en tjener som er sammen med Sankt Nikolas på ferie. I noen versjoner sies det at Sankt Nikolas satte fri en ung slave ved navn Peter, og at han bestemte seg for å tjene Sankt Nikolas frivillig i stedet for å nyte friheten ensom. Zwarte Piet er i dag kjent som en person med sotflekker i ansiktet, iført fargerike klær og hatt med fjær, en tradisjon basert på en illustrasjon i en bok utgitt i 1850.Klærne ligner på klær fra1600-tallet. Sotflekkene som Piet (da helst bare Piet og ikke svarte Piet)får, får han fordi han går gjennom pipa for å levere gaver til barna. Han legger dem i barnas sko, og tar med høy og gulerot som barna har lagt i skoen. Det er ment til St Nicolaas sin hvite hest.

Kontroverser

Skikkelsen har vært omstridt senest siden 1970-tallet på grunn av konnotasjoner til udannede afrikanere og implisitt rasisme. Også mørkhudede nederlendere mener at de har vært utsatt for mobbing på grunn av Zwarte Piet.[1][2]

I nyere tid er tradisjonen blitt utsatt for kritikk av FN-rådgiveren Verene Shepherd, og dette har ført til en splittelse i holdningen til den. På den ene siden blir skikkelsen fordømt som et rasistsymbol og på den annen forsvart som en nederlandsk tradisjon.[3][4]

Se også

Referanser

  1. ^ NRC.nl: In 1987 legde Gerda het al uit aan Pino: Zwarte Piet is 'helemaal niet leuk', Besøkt 24. oktober 2013.
  2. ^ EenVandaag opiniepanel: 'Heb je de pakjesboot gemist?' Arkivert 15. mars 2017 hos Wayback Machine., Besøkt 24. oktober 2013.
  3. ^ Anna van den Breemer (4. juli 2014). «Shepherd: 'Het probleem is de relatie tussen Zwarte Piet en Sinterklaas'» (på nederlandsk). de Volkskrant. Besøkt 29. desember 2017. 
  4. ^ ANP (1. november 2013). «VN-onderzoeker Shepherd niet bij intocht Sint» (på nederlandsk). de Volkskrant. Besøkt 29. desember 2017. 

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