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Eastern al-Hasakah offensive

Eastern al-Hasakah offensive
Part of the Syrian Civil War,
the Rojava–Islamist conflict,
and the American-led intervention in Syria

A map of the territorial changes during the Al-Hasakah offensive
Date21 February – 17 March 2015
(3 weeks and 3 days)
Location
Result YPG & Syrian Army victory east of Al-Hasakah; partial ISIL victory west of Al-Hasakah
Territorial
changes
  • Kurdish forces capture Tal Hamis, Tell Brak, and over 103 other villages and hamlets[4][5]
  • Syrian government forces capture 38–42 villages on Highway 7[6][7][8]
  • ISIL captures Tell Khanzir and 35 villages around Tell Tamer, and kidnaps 287–400 Assyrian Christians
Belligerents

 Rojava
Syriac Union Party
Al-Sanadid Forces[1]
International Freedom Battalion[2]
Supported by:
CJTF–OIR
Kurdistan Region Iraqi Kurdistan[3]


Syria Syrian Arab Republic
Sootoro
Islamic State Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant
Commanders and leaders

Sipan Hemo
(YPG chief commander)
Rojda Felat[9]
(YPJ commander)
Kino Gabriel[citation needed]
(MFS chief commander)
Suleiman al-Shammari[10]
(MFS commander)


Brig. Gen. Mohammad Khodour[11]
Maj. Gen. Hassan Mohammad[12]
Abu Ali al-Anbari
(Deputy, Syria)
Abu Omar al-Shishani (Field commander in Syria)[13]
Unknown pro-ISIL tribal leader[14]
Units involved

YPG
YPJ
Syriac Military Council (MFS)
Sutoro
Khabour Guards


Syrian Army
National Defence Force

Islamic State Military of ISIL

Strength
Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria YPG & YPJ: 1,500+[citation needed]
Syriac Military Council (MFS): 1,500[16]
Sutoro: 1,000+ (June 2013)[17]
6,000+[18]
Casualties and losses
155 YPG and allies killed[19] (14 executed), 13 captured[20] 387–423 killed[21]
287–400 Assyrian civilians kidnapped[22] (24 released, 1 executed)[20][23]
at least 20,000 civilians displaced[24]

The Eastern al-Hasakah offensive was launched in the Al-Hasakah Governorate during the Syrian Civil War, by the Kurdish-majority People's Protection Units, Assyrian Christian militias, and allied Arab forces against the jihadist Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL or ISIS), with the intent of retaking the areas of the Jazira Canton that had been captured by ISIL.[5] Subsequently, the Syrian Armed Forces also launched an assault against the jihadists, without coordinating with the YPG.[25]

Background

In February 2014, multiple towns and villages in the eastern part of the Jazira Canton came under ISIL control. On 23 June 2014, ISIL expanded into Tell Brak and the surrounding area, as well as the eastern outskirts of the city of Al-Hasakah. In early October 2014, ISIL launched a massive offensive, capturing some villages in the eastern Jazira Canton, with subsequent campaigns expanding ISIL control in the region into December 2014. In mid-December, the Syrian Army and the YPG engaged ISIL forces to the south of Qamishli, capturing a number of villages, but ISIL responded with a counter-offensive that resulted in them capturing multiple villages to the south and southeast of Tell Ma'ruf. In late December 2014, YPG forces retook control of some of the villages near the Yarubiyah-Rabia border crossing and to the southwest of the region, in support of Peshmerga forces launching the Sinjar offensive. By the end of the offensive on 21 December, some of the ISIL-occupied villages near Jaz'ah had come under YPG assault.

The offensive

Syriac Military Council fighters near Tell Tamer, February 2015

The offensive started on 21 February 2015,[4] and by the next day, the Kurds quickly advanced within five kilometers of Tal Hamis, after capturing 23 farms and villages[3] near the Abo Qasayeb area.[26] Their assault was backed up by U.S. and allied Arab air support. Also, near the border with Iraq, the YPG captured two villages. The Kurdish Peshmerga forces in Iraq shelled ISIL positions across the border, in coordination with the YPG during their advance.[3] In response to the Kurdish offensive, on 23 February, ISIL launched a massive attack on a cluster of villages along the southern bank of the Khabur River around the town of Tell Tamer, using around 3,000 fighters[citation needed] and multiple tanks,[27] seizing 11 villages and kidnapping 220 Assyrian Christians by 26 February, according to the SOHR.[4][28] Local sources stated that 33–35 villages were captured[29][28] and put the number of abducted Assyrians at 287–400.[22][30] ISIL was reportedly withdrawing militants from other fronts in Syria, including the front at Homs, to boost their assault at Tell Tamer.[31] The Kurds managed to recapture several of the villages, but the fate of the Christians remained unknown.[32] It was also reported that Abu Omar al-Shishani, ISIL's field commander in Syria, was leading the assault at Tell Tamer.[13]

Map of the Al-Hasakah offensive in progress, on 24 February 2015, showing the YPG and ISIL offensives on both sides of the Governorate.

On 23 February, the YPG captured Tell Brak, during a pre-dawn raid[5] On 25 February, the YPG cut the road between Tal Hamis and al-Hawl, which was a main ISIL supply line from Iraq.[33] By 27 February, Kurdish fighters managed to capture 103 villages and hamlets around the town of Tal Hamis, as well as Tal Hamis itself[4] while on 1 March, Kurdish fighters reportedly burned a number of houses that belonged to ISIL militants or ISIL-allied fighters[34] in two dozen Arab villages around Tal Hamis that they recaptured from ISIL.[35] On 28 February, ISIL executed 15 Assyrian Christians, 14 of them fighters. Another 13 Christian fighters were being held.[20]

By 28 February, since the start of the offensive, the fighting had left at least 175–211 ISIL militants[4][36][37] and 75 Kurdish and allied fighters dead.[citation needed] In the period during the offensive, between 21 February and 1 March, the US-led coalition conducted 24 airstrikes, striking 18 ISIL tactical units and destroying seven ISIL vehicles.[38]

Kurdish forces were reportedly planning to build on their advances and capture Tell Abyad, thus connecting the Kobanî Canton to the Jazira Canton.[39][40]

In the meantime, on the same day that the Kurds captured Tal Hamis, Syrian government forces launched their own offensive against ISIL, and by 2 March, had captured 23–31 villages, with their ultimate aim being to take control of the main road linking the provincial capital of Al-Hasakah to the city of Qamishli.[25] Another report put the number of captured villages at 33.[6] 13 of the villages were seized within 24 hours of the start of the assault.[41] Meanwhile, Kurdish-Arab allied forces were continuing to fight ISIL outside Tell Tamer.[25]

By 3 March, 24 of the kidnapped Christians were released by ISIL[23] after ransoms were paid.[25]

On 4 March, Syrian government forces advanced further and captured several villages, while ISIL continued shelling Kurdish fighters near Tell Tamer.[42] After the losses suffered in the previous days, ISIL forces retreated towards the areas of al-Hawl and Shaddadi.[43]

On 6 March, the Syrian Army advanced down Highway 7 up to 15–20 kilometers from Tell Brak and stopped.[44] It was also reported that fierce clashes between ISIL and the YPG had erupted to the east of Al-Hasakah city, as ISIL was trying to prevent Kurdish forces from reaching one of its last remaining strongholds in al-Hawl. The clashes from 5–6 March resulted in the deaths of 11 more YPG fighters.[45]

On 7 March, ISIL launched a massive attack on villages around Tell Tamer, with fears ISIL militants would use the kidnapped Assyrians as human shields.[46] The attack began around dawn and targeted at least three villages on the northern bank of the Khabur River, with ISIL's aim being to capture Tell Tamer and secure a corridor to the Iraqi border.[27] The next day, ISIL advanced close to the town and heavy fighting ensued, but Kurdish reinforcements arrived and they managed to repel the militants. The clashes left 40 dead on both sides.[47] At the same time, ISIL launched an assault in an attempt to recapture several villages between Tell Brak and al-Hawl, which was also repelled, with the YPG claiming to have killed 67 ISIL militants.[48] Meanwhile, Syrian government troops advanced further and captured five to nine villages.[7][8]

By this point, among Kurdish fighters killed in the offensive, there were three foreigners as well: an Australian, a Briton and a German female volunteer.[49][50]

On 10 March, the YPG announced that their campaign had ended successfully after securing the Jazira Canton. However, on the same day, ISIL launched a surprise attack on Tell Khanzir, about 30 kilometers to the west of Ras al-Ayn, near the Turkish border in west Hasakah, capturing the town along with several other villages.[40][51] It was reported that ISIL had deployed hundreds[40] of battle-hardened Chechens from its Khorasan Battalion to carry out the assault.[15] Fierce clashes also erupted in and around Manajir, to the west of Tell Tamer, as ISIL sought to strike northward. ISIL launched the assault to prevent Kurdish forces from reaching their stronghold of al-Hawl, by occupying the Kurds on multiple fronts,[40] attempting to seize another border crossing with Turkey, and due to fears that the Kurds would use Ras al-Ayn as a base to seize control of Tell Abyad, and link the Kobanî and Jazira Cantons.[52] ISIL also wanted control of Ras al-Ayn and Tell Tamer to control additional key routes that would link the ISIL-held Iraqi city of Mosul with other ISIL-controlled territory in northeastern Syria.[52]

On 12 March, the Kurds managed to repel the ISIL advance on Ras al-Ayn resulting in dozens of casualties on both sides. However, ISIL advanced towards Tell Tamer and captured the village of Tal Nasri, bringing the militants to within 500 meters of the town. The fighting near Tell Tamer left 22 Kurdish and 18 jihadist fighters dead.[52] Two days later, the Kurds recaptured the village of Tal Maghas, near Tell Tamer;[53] however, according to another report, ISIL managed to capture several more villages and crossed the Khabur River, in the area just northwest of Tell Tamer.[54][55] The YPG demanded more Coalition airstrikes in the region, due to the fact that ISIL was deploying more reinforcements while the US-led Coalition had not conducted any airstrikes near Tell Tamer since 10 March.[56][57] By this point, since the ISIL counterattack started on 10 March, the clashes in the Tell Tamer and Tell Khanzir areas had left at least 105 ISIL militants[15][58] and 63 YPG fighters dead.[15][59] On 13 March, the US-led Coalition resumed airstrikes in the region.[38]

On 16 March, the YPG advanced and captured some ISIL positions in the countryside around Tell Tamer.[60] The same day, 100 Hezbollah fighters arrived in Ras al-Ayn from Qamishli to support Kurdish forces, according to the pro-opposition Al-Hasakah Youth Union, and were soon after sent to the battlefield where they were outfitted with Kurdish uniforms.[61] The next day, the Iranian Fars News Agency reported that the Syrian Army advanced and captured the town of Malaha, as well as its surrounding farm areas.[62]

Aftermath

Map of the maximum gains made by ISIL advances during the Al-Hasakah offensive, by mid-April 2015.

From 18 to 19 March, US-led Coalition airstrikes struck 3 ISIL tactical units, an ISIL fighting position, and an ISIL tunnel system in the area.[38]

On 20 March, more than 100 people were killed and wounded when an ISIL militant blew himself up at a celebration held by the Kurds for the festival of Nowruz, in the al-Mofti neighborhood of Al-Hasakah city, in addition to an IED explosion at another celebration in the city.[63]

Over the next several days, clashes erupted in the vicinity of Tell Khanzir, Tell Brak and Tell Tamer, killing dozens of ISIL militants,[15][64][65] while fighter jets bombed ISIL positions in the city of Al-Shaddadeh.[66]

On 30 March, the National Defense Forces (NDF) reportedly captured 33 villages near the village of Tal Brak in rural Al-Hasakah, after fierce clashes with ISIL militants on 28 and 29 March.[67] On the same day, Kurdish commander Jiwan Ibrahim, Chief of the Kurdish Asayish forces in Rojava, issued a warning to civilians in the recently regained towns of Tel Brak and Tel Hamis regarding Syrian government forces in the region: “To our people in Tel Brak and Tel Hamis, the Baathist regime (Assad’s regime) in Qamishli and Hasakah is spreading baseless news that it took entire control of both towns and handed them over to Kurdish forces. However, Kurds have fought against the radical group of the Islamic State (IS/ISIL) and forced the militants to withdraw from the towns, and Kurds are the ones who protect these towns. The regime militias weren’t engaged in the fighting against the IS group and they won’t provide any security assistance to the civilians”.[68]

On 3 April, ISIL reportedly lost another 21 villages to Syrian government forces, to the south of Qamishli.[69]

See also

References

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  18. ^ 2,000+ (Tell Hamis area),[1] 3,000+ including reinforcements (Tell Tamer region),[citation needed] ~1,000 (Tell Khanzir area),[2] a total of 6,000+ fighters
  19. ^ 75 killed (21 February–2 March),[3] 1 killed (4 March),[4] 11 killed (5–6 March),[5] Archived 2015-04-02 at the Wayback Machine 1 killed (8 March),[6] Archived 2022-08-27 at the Wayback Machine 45 killed (10–13 March),[7] Archived 2014-12-18 at the Wayback Machine 18 killed (15 March),[8] 1 killed (16 March),[9] 3 killed (18 March),[10] a total of 155 killed
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  21. ^ 175–211 killed (21–27 February),[11][12] 107 killed (8 March),[13] Archived 2015-07-13 at the Wayback Machine 50 killed (10–13 March; Tell Tamr),[14] Archived 2014-12-18 at the Wayback Machine 55 killed (11–13 March; Ras al-Ayn),[15] Archived 2017-11-07 at the Wayback Machine a total of 387–423 reported killed
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  24. ^ At least 20,000 civilians displaced during the Al-Hasakah offensive (February–March 2015); 5,000+ in the Khabur Valley region,[16] and 15,000+ in the Tell Hamis region [17]
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هذه المقالة بحاجة لصندوق معلومات. فضلًا ساعد في تحسين هذه المقالة بإضافة صندوق معلومات مخصص إليها. معادلة مانينغ هي صيغة تجريبية [الإنجليزية] تُقدر متوسط سرعة تدفق السائل في قناة غير ممتلئة تمامًا بالمائع، على سبيل المثال تدفق القناة المفتوحة [الإنجليزية]. ومع ذلك، تُستخدم ه…

يوسف بن يعقوب الصفار معلومات شخصية تاريخ الوفاة 231 هـ الإقامة الكوفة  مواطنة الدولة العباسية  الحياة العملية المهنة مُحَدِّث  تعديل مصدري - تعديل   يُوسُف بن يَعْقُوب الصفار أَبُو يَعْقُوب الْكُوفِي. أحد رواة الحديث، مَاتَ سنة إِحْدَى وَثَلَاثِينَ وَمِائَتَيْنِ.&#…

Parte da série sobrePolítica da Mongólia Constituição Executivo Presidente - Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj Primeiro-ministro - Jargaltulgyn Erdenebat Legislativo Grande Assembleia Estatal Judiciário Suprema Corte Eleições Eleições presidenciais - 2009 · 2013 Eleições legislativas - 2012 · 2016 Subdivisões regionais Distritos Tópicos relacionados Missões diplomáticas Portal da Mongóliavde A seguir está uma lista de primeiros-ministros da Mongólia desde o est…

Small triangular muscle in the abdomen Pyramidalis muscleMuscles at the front of the abdomen, showing the pyramidalis at the bottom centre.DetailsOriginpubic symphysis and pubic crestInsertionlinea albaArteryInferior and superior epigastric arteriesNerveSubcostal nerve (T12)Actionstensing the linea albaIdentifiersLatinmusculus pyramidalisTA98A04.5.01.007TA22363FMA15568Anatomical terms of muscle[edit on Wikidata] The pyramidalis muscle is a small triangular muscle, anterior to the rectus abdo…

Private Seventh-day Adventist college in Angwin, California, U.S. This article may rely excessively on sources too closely associated with the subject, potentially preventing the article from being verifiable and neutral. Please help improve it by replacing them with more appropriate citations to reliable, independent, third-party sources. (January 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Pacific Union CollegeFormer namesHealdsburg Academy (1882–1899)Healdsburg College (1899…

جزء من سلسلة مقالات سياسة السودانالسودان الدستور الدستور حقوق الإنسان السلطة التنفيذية الرئيس عبد الفتاح البرهان نواب الرئيس محمد حمدان دقلو مجلس الوزراء السلطة التشريعية المجلس التشريعي مجلس الولايات المجلس الوطني السلطة القضائية القضاء المحكمة الدستورية المحكمة العل…

2022 Indian filmAnyaTheatrical release posterDirected bySimmyScreenplay bySimmyProduced byShelna KSimmyStarring Atul Kulkarni Raima Sen Bhushan Pradhan Tejashree Pradhan Prathamesh Parab CinematographySajan KalathilEdited byThanujMusic byKrishna RaajRohit KulkarniProductioncompanyInitiative FilmsDistributed byPanorama StudiosRelease date 10 June 2022 (2022-06-10) Running time140 minutesCountryIndiaLanguagesMarathiHindi Anya (Hindi title: Anya The Other; transl. Other) is an …

Football match2009 FA Community ShieldThe match programme cover Chelsea Manchester United 2 2 Chelsea won 4–1 on penaltiesDate9 August 2009VenueWembley Stadium, LondonMan of the MatchRicardo Carvalho (Chelsea)RefereeChris Foy (Merseyside)[1]Attendance85,896WeatherSunny← 2008 2010 → The 2009 FA Community Shield (also known as The FA Community Shield sponsored by McDonald's for sponsorship reasons) was the 87th FA Community Shield, an annual football match contested by the wi…

Metro station in Delhi, India This article uses bare URLs, which are uninformative and vulnerable to link rot. Please consider converting them to full citations to ensure the article remains verifiable and maintains a consistent citation style. Several templates and tools are available to assist in formatting, such as reFill (documentation) and Citation bot (documentation). (August 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Saket Delhi Metro stationGeneral informationLocationSain…

Javier Solana Fotografiado en 2015.2.o alto representante de la Unión Europea para Asuntos Exteriores y Política de Seguridad Común 18 de octubre de 1999-30 de noviembre de 2009Presidente Romano Prodi (1999-2004)José Manuel Durão Barroso (2004-2009)Predecesor Jürgen TrumpfSucesor Catherine Ashton Ministro de Asuntos Exteriores de España 24 de junio de 1992-19 de diciembre de 1995Monarca Juan Carlos IPresidente Felipe GonzálezGabinete Gobierno de la IV Legislatura(1992-1993)Gobierno de la…

Resolusi 1113Dewan Keamanan PBBPerusahaan Alumunium Tajik di Tursunzoda, TajikistanTanggal12 Juni 1997Sidang no.3.788KodeS/RES/1113 (Dokumen)TopikSituasi di Tajikistan dan sepanjang perbatasan Tajik–AfghanRingkasan hasil15 mendukungTidak ada menentangTidak ada abstainHasilDiadopsiKomposisi Dewan KeamananAnggota tetap Tiongkok Prancis Rusia Britania Raya Amerika SerikatAnggota tidak tetap Chili Kosta Rika Mesir Guinea-Bissau Jepang…

American film producer Julie CormanCorman at Sitges Film Festival in 2010BornJulie Ann Halloran (1942-06-22) June 22, 1942 (age 81)OccupationFilm producerSpouse Roger Corman ​(m. 1970)​Children4 Julie Ann Corman (née Halloran; born (1942-06-22)June 22, 1942) is an American film producer. She is married to film producer and director Roger Corman.[1] Career In 1970, Julie Corman married film director/producer, Roger Corman. Corman produced a series of Nig…

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