Abjad Aram

Abjad Aram atau Abjad Aramaik adalah aksara yang dipakai dalam Bahasa Aram, oleh masyarakat Aram, yang tinggal di daerah sekitar Siria sekarang dan Mesopotamia. Aksara ini digunakan sekitar abad ke-10 SM. Dari aksara ini menurunkan aksara Arab dan aksara Brahmi. Aksara ini memiliki sifat alfabetis dan terdiri dari 22 konsonan.[1] Abokeunn

Tabel abjad dan perbandingan dengan abjad turunan atau sejenis

Nama huruf Tulisan Aram Tulisan Siria Huruf Huruf sejenis dalam IPA
Ibrani Arab Brahmi Nabath Kharosthi
Ālap 𐡀 א ا /ʔ/; /aː/, /eː/
Bēth 𐡁 ב ب /b/, /v/
Gāmal 𐡂 ג ج /ɡ/, /ɣ/, /dʒ/
Dālath 𐡃 ד د،ذ /ð/, /d/
Hē 𐡄 ה ه ? ? /h/
Waw 𐡅 ו و /w/; /oː/, /uː/
Zain 𐡆 ז ز ? ? /z/
Ḥēth 𐡇 ח ح،خ ? ? /ħ/ /χ~x/
Ṭēth 𐡈 ט ط،ظ emfatik /tˤ/
Yodh 𐡉 י ي /j/; /iː/, /eː/
Kāp 𐡊 כ ך ك /k/, /x/
Lāmadh 𐡋 ל ل /l/
Mem 𐡌 מ ם م /m/
Nun 𐡍 נ ן ن /n/
Semkath 𐡎 ס س /s/
'Ain 𐡏 ע ع، غ ? ? /ʕ/
Pē 𐡐 פ ף ف /p/, /f/
Ṣādhē , 𐡑 צ ץ ص، ض emfatik /sˤ/
Qop 𐡒 ק ق /q/
Rēsh 𐡓 ר ر /r/
Shin 𐡔 ש ش /ʃ/
Taw 𐡕 ת ت، ث /t/, /θ/

Unicode

Artikel utama: en:Syriac (Unicode block) dan en:Imperial Aramaic (Unicode block)

Abjad "Syriac Aramaic" sudah ditambahkan pada Standar Unicode dalam bulan September 1999 dengan rilis versi 3.0.

Singkatan Suryani (Syriac Abbreviation; sejenis "garis atas" atau overline) dapat ditayangkan dengan karakter kontrol khusus yang disebut Syriac Abbreviation Mark (U+070F). Blok Unicode untuk "Syriac Aramaic" adalah U+0700–U+074F:


Abjad "Imperial Aramaic" sudah ditambahkan pada Standar Unicode dalam bulan Oktober 2009 dengan rilis versi 5.2.

Blok Unicode "Imperial Aramaic" adalah U+10840–U+1085F:


Lihat pula

Referensi

  1. ^ Ensiklopedi Nasional Indonesia, Penerbit PT Delta pamungkas, 2004

Pustaka

  • Byrne, Ryan. “Middle Aramaic Scripts.” Encyclopaedia of Language and Linguistics. Elsevier. (2006)
  • Daniels, Peter T., et al. eds. The World's Writing Systems. Oxford. (1996)
  • Coulmas, Florian. The Writing Systems of the World. Blackwell Publishers Ltd, Oxford. (1989)
  • Rudder, Joshua. Learn to Write Aramaic: A Step-by-Step Approach to the Historical & Modern Scripts. n.p.: CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2011. 220 pp. ISBN 978-1-4610-2142-1 Includes a wide variety of Aramaic scripts.

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