ACTG2

ACTG2
Identifiers
Aliases	ACTG2, ACT, ACTA3, ACTE, ACTL3, ACTSG, VSCM, actin, gamma 2, smooth muscle, enteric, actin gamma 2, smooth muscle, VSCM1, MMIHS5
External IDs	OMIM: 102545; MGI: 104589; HomoloGene: 123845; GeneCards: ACTG2; OMA:ACTG2 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 2 (human)[1] Band 2p13.1 Start 73,892,314 bp[1] End 73,919,865 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 6 (mouse)[2] Band 6 C3|6 35.94 cM Start 83,489,887 bp[2] End 83,513,247 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in seminal vesicula tail of epididymis saphenous vein muscle layer of sigmoid colon gastric mucosa popliteal artery tibial arteries prostate myometrium urethra Top expressed in umbilical cord migratory enteric neural crest cell cervix left colon ileum seminal vesicula pyloric antrum seminiferous tubule gallbladder esophagus More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function nucleotide binding ATP binding Cellular component cytoplasm filopodium cell body myosin filament cytosol blood microparticle extracellular exosome cytoskeleton cell periphery lamellipodium extracellular space Biological process mesenchyme migration positive regulation of gene expression muscle contraction Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 72 11468 Ensembl ENSG00000163017 ENSMUSG00000059430 UniProt P63267 P63268 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001615 NM_001199893 NM_009610 RefSeq (protein) NP_001186822 NP_001606 NP_033740 Location (UCSC) Chr 2: 73.89 – 73.92 Mb Chr 6: 83.49 – 83.51 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Actin, gamma-enteric smooth muscle is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ACTG2 gene.^[5][6][7]

Actins are highly conserved proteins that are involved in various types of cell motility, and maintenance of the cytoskeleton. In vertebrates, three main groups of actin isoforms, alpha, beta and gamma have been identified. The alpha actins are found in muscle tissues and are a major constituent of the contractile apparatus. The beta and gamma actins co-exist in most cell types as components of the cytoskeleton, and as mediators of internal cell motility. Actin, gamma 2, encoded by this gene, is a smooth muscle actin found in enteric tissues.^[7]

Interactions

ACTG2 has been shown to interact with Emerin.^[8]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000163017 – Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000059430 – Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Miwa T, Manabe Y, Kurokawa K, Kamada S, Kanda N, Bruns G, Ueyama H, Kakunaga T (July 1991). "Structure, chromosome location, and expression of the human smooth muscle (enteric type) gamma-actin gene: evolution of six human actin genes". Mol Cell Biol. 11 (6): 3296–306. doi:10.1128/mcb.11.6.3296. PMC 360182. PMID 1710027.
6. Ueyama H (May 1991). "A HindIII DNA polymorphism in the human enteric type smooth muscle actin gene (ACTSG)". Nucleic Acids Res. 19 (2): 411. doi:10.1093/nar/19.2.411. PMC 333620. PMID 1673027.
7. "Entrez Gene: ACTG2 actin, gamma 2, smooth muscle, enteric".
8. Lattanzi G, Cenni Vittoria, Marmiroli Sandra, Capanni Cristina, Mattioli Elisabetta, Merlini Luciano, Squarzoni Stefano, Maraldi Nadir Mario (April 2003). "Association of emerin with nuclear and cytoplasmic actin is regulated in differentiating myoblasts". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 303 (3). United States: 764–70. doi:10.1016/S0006-291X(03)00415-7. ISSN 0006-291X. PMID 12670476.

External links

• Human ACTG2 genome location and ACTG2 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.

Further reading

• Snásel J, Pichová I (1997). "The cleavage of host cell proteins by HIV-1 protease". Folia Biol. (Praha). 42 (5): 227–30. doi:10.1007/BF02818986. PMID 8997639. S2CID 7617882.
• Adams LD, Tomasselli AG, Robbins P, et al. (1992). "HIV-1 protease cleaves actin during acute infection of human T-lymphocytes". AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses. 8 (2): 291–5. doi:10.1089/aid.1992.8.291. PMID 1540415.
• Tomasselli AG, Hui JO, Adams L, et al. (1991). "Actin, troponin C, Alzheimer amyloid precursor protein and pro-interleukin 1 beta as substrates of the protease from human immunodeficiency virus". J. Biol. Chem. 266 (22): 14548–53. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)98721-1. PMID 1907279.
• Shoeman RL, Kesselmier C, Mothes E, et al. (1991). "Non-viral cellular substrates for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease". FEBS Lett. 278 (2): 199–203. Bibcode:1991FEBSL.278..199S. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(91)80116-K. PMID 1991513. S2CID 37002682.
• Miwa T, Kamada S (1990). "The nucleotide sequence of a human smooth muscle (enteric type) gamma-actin cDNA". Nucleic Acids Res. 18 (14): 4263. doi:10.1093/nar/18.14.4263. PMC 331204. PMID 2377475.
• Ueyama H, Inazawa J, Nishino H, et al. (1995). "Chromosomal mapping of the human smooth muscle actin gene (enteric type, ACTA3) to 2p13.1 and molecular nature of the hindIII polymorphism". Genomics. 25 (3): 720–3. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(95)80016-F. PMID 7759108.
• Szucsik JC, Lessard JL (1996). "Cloning and sequence analysis of the mouse smooth muscle gamma-enteric actin gene". Genomics. 28 (2): 154–62. doi:10.1006/geno.1995.1126. PMID 8530021.
• Bukrinskaya A, Brichacek B, Mann A, Stevenson M (1999). "Establishment of a Functional Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Reverse Transcription Complex Involves the Cytoskeleton". J. Exp. Med. 188 (11): 2113–25. doi:10.1084/jem.188.11.2113. PMC 2212381. PMID 9841925.
• Zhang H, Wang L, Kao S, et al. (1999). "Functional interaction between the cytoplasmic leucine-zipper domain of HIV-1 gp41 and p115-RhoGEF". Curr. Biol. 9 (21): 1271–4. Bibcode:1999CBio....9.1271Z. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(99)80511-9. PMC 4513661. PMID 10556093.
• Kohnen G, Campbell S, Jeffers MD, Cameron IT (2000). "Spatially regulated differentiation of endometrial vascular smooth muscle cells". Hum. Reprod. 15 (2): 284–92. doi:10.1093/humrep/15.2.284. PMID 10655297.
• Filmore RA, Dean DA, Zimmer WE (2003). "The smooth muscle gamma-actin gene is androgen responsive in prostate epithelia". Gene Expr. 10 (5–6): 201–11. doi:10.3727/000000002783992424 (inactive 1 November 2024). PMC 5977519. PMID 12450213.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Cheng C, Sharp PA (2003). "RNA Polymerase II Accumulation in the Promoter-Proximal Region of the Dihydrofolate Reductase and γ-Actin Genes". Mol. Cell. Biol. 23 (6): 1961–7. doi:10.1128/MCB.23.6.1961-1967.2003. PMC 149466. PMID 12612070.
• Wu RF, Gu Y, Xu YC, et al. (2004). "Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Tat Regulates Endothelial Cell Actin Cytoskeletal Dynamics through PAK1 Activation and Oxidant Production". J. Virol. 78 (2): 779–89. doi:10.1128/JVI.78.2.779-789.2004. PMC 368750. PMID 14694110.
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
• Hillier LW, Graves TA, Fulton RS, et al. (2005). "Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4". Nature. 434 (7034): 724–31. Bibcode:2005Natur.434..724H. doi:10.1038/nature03466. PMID 15815621.