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1712 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar	1712; MDCCXII
Ab urbe condita	2465
Armenian calendar	1161; ԹՎ ՌՃԿԱ
Assyrian calendar	6462
Balinese saka calendar	1633–1634
Bengali calendar	1119
Berber calendar	2662
British Regnal year	10 Ann. 1 – 11 Ann. 1
Buddhist calendar	2256
Burmese calendar	1074
Byzantine calendar	7220–7221
Chinese calendar	辛卯年 (Metal Rabbit); 4409 or 4202; — to —; 壬辰年 (Water Dragon); 4410 or 4203
Coptic calendar	1428–1429
Discordian calendar	2878
Ethiopian calendar	1704–1705
Hebrew calendar	5472–5473
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1768–1769
- Shaka Samvat	1633–1634
- Kali Yuga	4812–4813
Holocene calendar	11712
Igbo calendar	712–713
Iranian calendar	1090–1091
Islamic calendar	1123–1124
Japanese calendar	Shōtoku 2; (正徳２年)
Javanese calendar	1635–1636
Julian calendar	Gregorian minus 11 days
Korean calendar	4045
Minguo calendar	200 before ROC; 民前200年
Nanakshahi calendar	244
Thai solar calendar	2254–2255
Tibetan calendar	阴金兔年; (female Iron-Rabbit); 1838 or 1457 or 685; — to —; 阳水龙年; (male Water-Dragon); 1839 or 1458 or 686

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	17th century; 18th century ; 19th century;
Decades:	1690s; 1700s; 1710s ; 1720s; 1730s;
Years:	1709; 1710; 1711; 1712 ; 1713; 1714; 1715;

1712 (MDCCXII) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar, the 1712th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 712th year of the 2nd millennium, the 12th year of the 18th century, and the 3rd year of the 1710s decade. As of the start of 1712, the Gregorian calendar was 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

In the Swedish calendar it began as a leap year starting on Monday and remained so until Thursday, February 29. By adding a second leap day (Friday, February 30) Sweden reverted to the Julian calendar and the rest of the year (from Saturday, March 1) was in sync with the Julian calendar. Sweden finally made the switch from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar in 1753. This year had 367 days.

Events

January–March

January 8 – Total eclipse of the sun visible from 60°36′S 49°12′E / 60.6°S 49.2°E / -60.6; 49.2
January 12 – The premiere of the opera Idoménée by André Campra takes place at the Théâtre du Palais-Royal in Paris.
January 16 – A military engineering school is established in Moscow which is to become the A.F. Mozhaysky Military-Space Academy.
January 26 – The Old Pummerin, a 18,161 kg bell newly installed in the Stephansdom, St. Stephen's Cathedral, in Vienna, is rung for the first time to mark the entry of Charles VI to Vienna from Frankfurt after his coronation as Emperor. It takes a quarter-hour for 16 men pulling on the bell rope to swing the heavy bell back-and-forth enough for the clapper to strike; the resulting forces endanger the tower so the architect orders that in future the bell be rung only by pulling its clapper.
February 10 – Huilliche uprising of 1712: Huilliche people in Chile's Chiloé Archipelago rise up against Spanish encomenderos as vengeance for perceived injustices.
Early March – Start of the Cassard expedition, a sea voyage by French Navy captain Jacques Cassard during which he ransacks Santiago in the Cape Verde Islands and pillages Montserrat, Antigua, Surinam, Berbice, Essequibo, St. Eustatius and Curaçao, returning to France with loot worth over nine million francs.
March 3 – Scottish Episcopalians Act 1711 comes into effect, leading to incorporation of the Scottish Episcopal Church.
March 11 (February 30 Swedish Style, February 29 on the Julian calendar) – Sweden temporarily adopts the rare February 30, as a day to adjust the Swedish Calendar back to the Julian calendar.
March 15 – HMS Dragon, a 38-gun fourth rate frigate of the British Royal Navy, is wrecked on Les Casquets rocks to the west of Alderney.^[1]
March 30 – Anne, Queen of Great Britain administers the Royal touch (a ritual with the intent to cure illness) for the last time; 300 scrofulous people are touched, the last of whom is Samuel Johnson.

April –June

April 6–7 – New York Slave Revolt of 1712: An insurrection in New York City results in nine whites being killed, and 21 slaves and other blacks being convicted and executed.
April 11 – Great Northern War: the Battle of Fladstrand takes place at sea near Fladstrand, Jylland, between Swedish and Danish forces.
May 15 – Curuguaty in Paraguay is founded by Juan Gregorio de Bazán y Pedraza on the banks of the Curuguaty River.
May 19 – Peter the Great moves the capital of Russia from Moscow to Saint Petersburg.^[2]
May 22 – Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor is crowned King of Hungary.
June 5 – Reus in Catalonia, Spain is given the title of imperial city by Elisabeth Christine, wife of Archduke Charles.
June 10 – Kurtkulağı Caravanserai in Adana Province, Turkey, is restored and 50 soldiers are appointed to guard it.
June 11 – Chatham, Barnstable County, Massachusetts is incorporated as a town.
June 17 – The newly built St Ann's Church, Manchester, England, is consecrated by the Bishop of Chester.

July–September

July 8 – The British Royal Navy 50-gun ship HMS Advice is launched at Deptford Dockyard.
July 20 – Jesus College, Oxford, England, inherits the extensive library of its Principal Jonathan Edwards on his death.
July 24
- Battle of Denain: The French defeat a combined Dutch-Austrian force.
- Battle of Villmergen: The Reformed cantons of Switzerland defeat the Catholic cantons.
August 1 – The Stamp Act 1712 is passed in the United Kingdom, imposing a tax on publishers, particularly of newspapers.
August 11 – The Peace of Aarau is signed by Catholics and Protestants, ending the Toggenburg War and establishing Protestant dominance in Switzerland, while preserving the rights of Catholics.
August 23 – The British Royal Navy 60-gun ship HMS Rippon is launched at Deptford Dockyard.
September – Composer George Frideric Handel re-locates to London with the permission of his patron, the future King George I of Great Britain.^[3]
September 8 – A severe hurricane buffets Bermuda for eight hours, destroying most of the churches.

October–December

October 3 – In Scotland a warrant is issued for the arrest of outlaw Rob Roy MacGregor by Sir James Stewart (Lord Advocate).^[4]
October 31 – King Philip V of Spain establishes the Biblioteca Nacional de España as the Palace Public Library (Biblioteca Pública de Palacio) in Madrid.
November 4 – The Bandbox Plot aims to kill British Lord Treasurer Robert Harley, Earl of Oxford but is foiled by Jonathan Swift (author of Gulliver’s Travels).
November 22 – The first performance of George Frideric Handel's opera Il pastor fido takes place at the Queen's Theatre in the Haymarket, London.
December 7 – The charter of Buchach Monastery in Ukraine, founded by Stefan Aleksander Potocki and his wife Joanna née Sieniawska, is signed in Lublin.
December 20 – Great Northern War: the Battle of Gadebusch is Sweden's final great victory in the war, preventing the loss of the city of Stralsund to Danish and Saxon forces.
December 27 – The premiere of the opera Callirhoé by André Cardinal Destouches takes place at the Théâtre du Palais-Royal in Paris.
December 28 – Total eclipse of the sun visible from 21°30′S 159°00′E / 21.5°S 159.0°E / -21.5; 159.0

Date unknown

The first known working Newcomen steam engine is built by Thomas Newcomen with John Calley, to pump water out of mines in the Black Country of England, the first device to make practical use of the power of steam to produce mechanical work.^[5]
After many years of settlement, the Town on Queen Anne's Creek is established as a courthouse for Chowan County, North Carolina. The town is renamed Edenton in 1720, and incorporated in 1722.
The VOC Zuytdorp is wrecked off the coast of Western Australia.
John Arbuthnot creates the character of John Bull to represent Britain.
A translation of the 1662 Book of Common Prayer into Irish, made by John Richardson (1664–1747), is published.^[6]

Births

January–March

January 1 – Sir Richard Acton, 5th Baronet, English baronet (d. 1791)
January 2 – Marie-Angélique Memmie Le Blanc, French feral child (d. 1775)
January 5
- Ludwig van Beethoven, Flemish-born German professional singer and music director, grandfather of the well known composer of the same name (d. 1773)
- Hongzhou, Manchu prince of the Qing dynasty (d. 1770)
January 17 – John Stanley, English composer and organist (d. 1786)
January 24
- Frederick the Great, King of Prussia (1740–1786) (d. 1786)
- Charles Moore, 1st Earl of Charleville, Irish peer (d. 1764)
- Georg Friedrich Schmidt, German engraver and designer (d. 1775)
January 26 – James Habersham, merchant and statesman in the British North American colony of Georgia (d. 1775)
January 28 – Tokugawa Ieshige, ninth shōgun of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan (d. 1761)
January 29 – Ralph Bigland, English officer of arms (d. 1784)
February 2 – Lydia Taft, American suffragist (d. 1778)
February 12 – Felton Hervey, aristocratic English politician (d. 1773)
February 19 – Arthur Devis, English painter (d. 1787)
February 20 – Sir Cordell Firebrace, 3rd Baronet, English landowner and politician (d. 1759)
February 22 – Péter Bod, Hungarian theologian and historian (d. 1768)
February 26 – Nasir Jung, Nizam of Hyderabad State (d. 1750)
February 28 – Louis-Joseph de Montcalm, French general (d. 1759)
March 4 – Joachim Friedrich Henckel, Prussian surgeon at Charité hospital in Berlin (d. 1779)
March 8 – John Fothergill, British botanist (d. 1780)
March 12
- Sir Hew Dalrymple, 2nd Baronet, Scottish politician and MP for Haddington Burghs on two occasions (d. 1790)
- Ioan II Mavrocordat, prince of Moldva (d. 1747)
March 14 – Charles-Antoine Jombert, French bookseller and publisher (d. 1784)
March 15 – Lambert Krahe, German history painter and art collector (d. 1790)
March 19
- Joseph Frye, American general (d. 1794)
- Henry Gervais, Anglican priest in Ireland (d. 1790)
March 22 – Edward Moore, English dramatist (d. 1757)^[7]
March 27
- Claude Bourgelat, French veterinary surgeon (d. 1779)
- Jane Mecom, American correspondent, youngest sister of Benjamin Franklin and one of his closest confidants (d. 1794)
March 28 – Empress Xiaoxianchun, empress consort of Qing dynasty China (d. 1748)
March 31 – Anders Johan von Höpken, Swedish politician (d. 1789)