福斯特龙属

福斯特龙属
化石时期：晚白垩世森诺曼阶
科学分类 编辑
界： 动物界 Animalia
门： 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲： 蜥形纲 Sauropsida
总目： 恐龍總目 Dinosauria
目： †鸟臀目 Ornithischia
亚目： †鸟脚亚目 Ornithopoda
演化支： †禽龍類 Iguanodontia
属： †福斯特龙属 Fostoria
Bell et al., 2019
模式種
†羊圈福斯特龙
Fostoria dhimbangunmal
Bell et al., 2019

福斯特龙（属名：Fostoria）是一属禽龙类鸟脚亚目恐龙，化石发现于澳大利亚新南威尔士州的格里曼溪组（英语：Griman Creek Formation），模式种兼唯一种羊圈福斯特龙（Fostoria dhimbangunmal）命名于2019年。[1]

分类

叙述者将福斯特龙归类于禽龙科，并将其纳入最近的系统发育矩阵中，但进行了一些修改和重新编码。它被发现是一个由阿纳拜斯龙、木他龙和小头龙组成的演化支的最原始成员，由以下近裔共征支持：[1]

  • 额骨与颅顶的接触面积小于25%
  • 枕旁突向侧面延伸且略向远端背腹侧扩张
  • 尾肋位于神经弓上

然而，最近一项使用Bell等人（2019年）的矩阵进行系统发育分析发现福斯特龙属于凹齿龙形态类，与衍生的凹齿龙科有以下共同特征：①上枕骨与后耳骨间几乎垂直的骨缝；②股骨远端远外髁的长度（不考虑其后外髁）小于股骨远端总宽度的40%。[2]

发现历史

1984年，蛋白石矿工鲍勃·福斯特（Bob Foster）在闪电岭（英语：Lightning Ridge）发现一块鸟脚类椎骨。福斯特最初认为它是石化的马蹄。[3]福斯特最终在其矿井中发现了更多化石，并将该发现展示给悉尼澳大利亚博物馆的古生物学家。古生物学家亚历山大·里奇（Alexander Ritchie）和一些军队预备役人员在看过该化石后前往矿场挖掘更多化石。化石业已准备完成，但直到2015年才正式研究。[3]福斯特在21世纪初将这些化石从一家私人蛋白石博物馆移走，并在闪电岭的澳大利亚蛋白石博物馆展出，后来捐赠给该博物馆直到今天。[1]

词源

属名取自化石发现者罗伯特·福斯特；种名在当地原住民（Yuwaalaraay人、Yuwaalayaay人和Gamilaraay人）的语言中的意思为羊牧场或羊圈，也是发现该恐龙化石地区的名称。

参考资料

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Phil R. Bell; Tom Brougham; Matthew C. Herne; Timothy Frauenfelder; Elizabeth T. Smith. Fostoria dhimbangunmal, gen. et sp. nov., a new iguanodontian (Dinosauria, Ornithopoda) from the mid-Cretaceous of Lightning Ridge, New South Wales, Australia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 2019,. Online edition: e1564757. S2CID 195424096. doi:10.1080/02724634.2019.1564757. 
  2. ^ Dieudonné, P.-E.; Cruzado-Caballero, P.; Godefroit, P.; Tortosa, T. A new phylogeny of cerapodan dinosaurs (PDF). Historical Biology. 2020-07-20, 0: 1–21 [2021-07-11]. ISSN 0891-2963. doi:10.1080/08912963.2020.1793979. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2021-05-01）. 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 Opal miner unearths new species of dinosaur. www.popularmechanics.com. [2021-07-11]. （原始内容存档于2022-05-08）. 

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