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公婆泉龍屬

公婆泉龙属
化石时期:白堊紀早期,阿尔布阶
馬鬃山大型禽龍類,可能為公婆泉龍
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 蜥形纲 Sauropsida
总目: 恐龍總目 Dinosauria
目: 鸟臀目 Ornithischia
亚目: 鸟脚亚目 Ornithopoda
演化支 禽龍類 Iguanodontia
演化支 橡树龙形态类 Dryomorpha
演化支 直拇指龍類 Ankylopollexia
演化支 硬棘龍類 Styracosterna
演化支 鴨嘴龍形類 Hadrosauriformes
总科: 鴨嘴龍超科 Hadrosauroidea
属: 公婆泉龙属 Gongpoquansaurus
You, Li & Dodson, 2014
模式種
馬鬃山公婆泉龍
Gongpoquansaurus mazongshanensis

, 1997)
異名
  • 馬鬃山原巴克龍
    Probactrosaurus mazongshanensis
    Lü, 1997[1]
  • 馬鬃山公婆泉龍
    Gongpoquanlong mazongshanensis
    in Zhang et al., 2015[2]

公婆泉龍屬名:Gongpoquansaurus)是鴨嘴龍超科恐龍的一屬,全長約6公尺,屬中型鴨嘴龍類。公婆泉龍生存於白堊紀中早期,化石發現於中國甘肅北部的酒泉市馬鬃山鎮(位於今肅北公婆泉恐龍地質公園內),該地在地質學上位于公婆泉盆地內,因而得名[3]

發現歷史

公婆泉龍的化石最早是在中國日本於1992至1993年共組的「中日絲綢之路恐龍考察」計畫中發現的,當時中國的古生物學家呂君昌認為這批出土自中溝組地層(早白堊世阿爾布階[4])的大型鳥臀目恐龍骨骼屬於當時被認為是禽龍類原巴克龍,並將其命名為「馬鬃山原巴克龍」(Probactrosaurus mazongshanensis)。這批骨骼包括部分頭骨、六顆牙齒、部分頸椎胸椎、接近完整的骶骨、部分尾椎、左肩胛骨、不完整的左肱骨髂骨恥骨,以及缺少近端的股骨。現藏於古脊椎動物與古人類研究所(編號 IVPP V11333)[3]

分類學

2002年,由英國古生物學家大衛·諾曼英语David B. Norman所撰述的文章中重新審視原巴克龍屬原先的三個物種。諾曼除了將該屬的阿拉善種(P. alashanicus)視為戈壁種(P. gobiensis)的異名外,還指出「馬鬃山原巴克龍」可能不屬於原巴克龍。從牙齒和股骨的構造上來看,可以確定這些骨骼確實屬於禽龍類恐龍[註 1];不過單就齒冠構造而言,「馬鬃山原巴克龍」的齒冠和戈壁原巴克龍的齒冠相似度並不高,反而比較類似演化關係較遠的高吻龍。對此諾曼僅得出「馬鬃山原巴克龍」可能不屬於原巴克龍屬的結論,但沒有再進一步說明「馬鬃山原巴克龍」應屬於哪個屬或是否為新物種[5][6]

多數學者都採用了諾曼的結論,但仍然沒有人更詳細的說明「馬鬃山原巴克龍」確切的分類位置,普遍都只是沿用將「馬鬃山原巴克龍」這個可疑名稱暫時列在原巴克龍屬之下的方式。到了2010年,美國古生物學家肯尼斯·卡本特英语Kenneth Carpenter日本北海道大學的石田祐也全面檢視了全球白堊紀早期至中期的禽龍類恐龍,他們在報告中提及諾曼的研究,但另外還指出「馬鬃山原巴克龍」的肩胛骨開展程度甚於高吻龍。因此他們推測「馬鬃山原巴克龍」很可能是新的物種,亦即馬鬃山地區繼馬鬃龍後的第二個「禽龍類」物種,並且提議應該為「馬鬃山原巴克龍」冠上一個新的屬名[7]

2014年,古生物學家尤海魯、李大慶及彼得道德森英语Peter Dodson重新描述「馬鬃山原巴克龍」,並正式將其命名為新屬種馬鬃山公婆泉龍Gongpoquansaurus mazongshanensis[3]

註解

  1. ^ 禽龍類的正式定義到了2010年後才被正視細分,因此在此前許多鴨嘴龍形類下非鴨嘴龍科的恐龍都被視為禽龍類。

參考來源

  1. ^ Lü, J.-C. "A new Iguanodontidae (Probactrosaurus mazongshanensis sp. nov.) from Mazongshan area, Gansu Province, China". Dong, Z.-M. (编). Sino-Japanese Silk Road Dinosaur Expedition [中国-日本丝绸之路恐龙考察]. China Ocean Press(海洋出版社). 1997: pp.27-47. ISBN 978-7-5027-4298-0. 
  2. ^ 张茜楠, 尤海鲁, 李大庆. "甘肃马鬃山地区早白垩世晚期恐龙化石". 地质通报. 2015, 34 (5): 890–897. ISSN 1671-2552. 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 You, H.-L.; Li, D.-Q.; Dodson, P. "Gongpoquansaurus mazongshanensis (Lü, 1997) comb. nov. (Ornithischia: Hadrosauroidea) from the Early Cretaceous of Gansu Province, Northwestern China". Eberth, David A.; Evans, David C. (编). Hadrosaurs. Indiana University Press. 2014: pp.73-76 [2017-08-23]. ISBN 978-0-253-01390-3. (原始内容存档于2017-08-23). 
  4. ^ Tang, F.; Luo, Z.-X.; Zhou, Z.-H.; You, H.-L.; Georgi, J. A.; Tang, Z.-L.; Wang, X.-Z. "Biostratigraphy and Paleoenvironment of the Dinosaur-bearing Sediments in Lower Cretaceous of Mazongshan Area, Gansu Province, China" (PDF). Cretaceous Research. 2001, 22: 115–129 [2017-08-28]. ISSN 0195-6671. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-10-23). 
  5. ^ Norman, D. B. "On Asian ornithopods (Dinosauria: Ornithischia). 4. Probactrosaurus Rozhdestvensky, 1966" (PDF). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 2002, 136 (1): 113–144 [2017-08-28]. ISSN 1096-3642. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2017-08-28). 
  6. ^ 尤海鲁, 罗哲西. "中国甘肃省酒泉地区公婆泉盆地早白垩世恐龙化石". 地質學報. 2008, 82 (1): 1–7 [2017-08-23]. ISSN 0001-5717. (原始内容存档于2017-08-23). 
  7. ^ Carpenter, K.; Ishida, Y. "Early and “Middle” Cretaceous Iguanodonts in Time and Space". Journal of Iberian Geology. 2010, 36 (2): 145–164. ISSN 1698-6180. 

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