Indie occidentali

Disambiguazione – Se stai cercando lo stato esistito dal 1958 al 1962, vedi Federazione delle Indie Occidentali.
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Indie occidentali
StatiGiamaica (bandiera) Giamaica
Cuba (bandiera) Cuba
Haiti (bandiera) Haiti
Rep. Dominicana (bandiera) Rep. Dominicana
Antigua e Barbuda (bandiera) Antigua e Barbuda
Dominica (bandiera) Dominica
Saint Kitts e Nevis (bandiera) Saint Kitts e Nevis
Barbados (bandiera) Barbados
Grenada (bandiera) Grenada
Saint Lucia (bandiera) Saint Lucia
Saint Vincent e Grenadine (bandiera) Saint Vincent e Grenadine
Trinidad e Tobago (bandiera) Trinidad e Tobago
Bahamas (bandiera) Bahamas
e molti territori dipendenti
Linguespagnolo, inglese, francese, olandese, molte lingue indigene
Fusi orariUTC-4, UTC-5

Con il termine Indie occidentali gli europei del XV secolo indicavano quell'insieme di isole nel continente americano collocate fra la Florida e il Venezuela e comprese fra il Mar dei Caraibi, il Golfo del Messico e l'Oceano Atlantico,[1] dove arrivarono alla fine del secolo navigatori spagnoli, guidati dall'italiano Cristoforo Colombo, e portoghesi.

Il termine veniva usato in contrapposizione a quello di "Indie orientali", che indicava invece il sud-est asiatico. All'epoca le conoscenze geografiche erano limitate alle terre fino ad allora raggiunte dagli europei e quindi viaggiando per mare verso occidente si pensava di poter arrivare alla costa orientale dell'India allora conosciuta soltanto attraverso i viaggi via terra.

Soltanto nel secolo successivo, con le imprese di Ferdinando Magellano, si comprese che i territori raggiunti erano un nuovo continente ovvero il Continente americano. Il primo a intuire che quelle terre non erano l'Oriente ma un altro continente fu nel 1507 il fiorentino Amerigo Vespucci con le sue esplorazioni lungo le coste del Brasile e dell'Argentina. Il toponimo America nasce proprio dal navigatore che per primo fornì una precisa descrizione del Continente americano.

Nonostante le esplorazioni di Magellano e Vespucci, il termine Indie Occidentali è comunque rimasto in uso per descrivere le isole caraibiche, così come altri territori come il Belize e le tre Guyane (Guyana, Suriname e Guyana francese). Un esempio dell'uso ufficiale moderno del termine è nella nazionale di cricket delle Indie Occidentali, una selezione che partecipa alle competizioni internazionali di tale sport.

Stati e territori delle Indie occidentali

     Indie Occidentali

     Territori a volte inclusi nelle Indie Occidentali

     Subcontinente indiano

     Indie orientali

     Nuova Guinea Occidentale

Piccole Antille (Indie Occidentali)

La regione include tutte le isole all'interno del mare Caraibico, più l'arcipelago delle Bahama (Bahamas e Turks e Caicos), che si trova nell'Oceano Atlantico.

Il termine può a volte includere anche altri territori geograficamente al di fuori di questa regione come il Belize (in realtà in America centrale), Guyana, Guyana francese e Suriname (in realtà in America meridionale) e le Bermuda (in realtà nel nord dell'Atlantico).

Caraibi

Grandi Antille

Piccole Antille

Isole Sottovento
  • Aruba (bandiera) Aruba (Regno dei Paesi Bassi)
  • Bonaire (bandiera) Bonaire (Regno dei Paesi Bassi)
  • Curaçao (bandiera) Curaçao (Regno dei Paesi Bassi)
Isole Sopravento Settentrionali
Isole Sopravento Meridionali

Isole Lucaie

Altri territori

Note

  1. ^ Treccani

Bibliografia

  • Indie occidentali, in Dizionario di storia, Roma, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana, 2010. URL consultato il 5 agosto 2016.

Voci correlate

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Controllo di autoritàVIAF (EN) 141518527 · LCCN (EN) sh85146187 · GND (DE) 4079228-6 · J9U (EN, HE) 987007553498705171 · NDL (EN, JA) 00568542
  Portale Conquista spagnola delle Americhe: accedi alle voci di Wikipedia che trattano di Conquista spagnola delle Americhe

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