Fentiazac

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Fentiazac
Nome IUPAC
2-[4-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-phenyl-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]acetic acid
Caratteristiche generali
Formula bruta o molecolareC17H12ClNO2S
Massa molecolare (u)329,80068 g/mol
Numero CAS18046-21-4
Numero EINECS241-958-1
Codice ATCM02AA14
PubChem28871
DrugBankDBDB13217
SMILES
C1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=NC(=C(S2)CC(=O)O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)Cl
Indicazioni di sicurezza

Il fentiazac è un farmaco anti-infiammatorio non steroideo (FANS), derivato dell'acido acetico e utilizzato come anti-infiammatorio antiedemigeno e analgesico.[1]

Farmacocinetica

Dopo somministrazione orale il farmaco viene ampiamente assorbito dal tratto gastrointestinale. La concentrazione plasmatica massima viene raggiunta nell'uomo dopo 1,5-2 ore dalla somministrazione orale. L'azione analgesica del farmaco si esplica entro 30 minuti dalla somministrazione orale. L'emivita plasmatica è di circa 6 ore.[2] Il farmaco si distribuisce rapidamente nei tessuti biologici e nel tessuto connettivo permane lungamente. Il legame con le proteine plasmatiche è elevato.[3] Il fentiazac viene metabolizzato a livello epatico, dove viene idrossilato in un metabolita farmacologicamente attivo.[4][5][6]

Tossicità

Fentiazac somministrato oralmente mostra nel topo una DL50 di 692 mg/kg mentre nel ratto di 661 mg/kg.

Usi clinici

Il farmaco viene utilizzato come antipiretico, analgesico e antiflogistico in medicina interna, chirurgia,[7][8][9] ortopedia[10][11][12][13] e traumatologia,[14][15] ginecologia.[16][17]

Effetti collaterali e indesiderati

Gli eventi avversi che vengono registrati più comunemente sono di natura gastrointestinale e includono ulcere peptiche, perforazione o emorragia gastrointestinale, talvolta fatale. Sono segnalati nausea, vomito, flatulenza, diarrea o costipazione, dolore addominale, melena, ematemesi, stomatite ulcerativa, e con minore frequenza gastrite. In alcuni soggetti cono state riportate eruzioni cutanee, reazioni bollose, sindrome di Stevens-Johnson e raramente necrolisi tossica epidemica.

Controindicazioni

Il farmaco è controindicato nei soggetti con ipersensibilità nota al principio attivo, storia di emorragia gastrointestinale o perforazione gastrointestinale e anamnesi di emorragia o ulcera peptica ricorrente (almeno due episodi distinti). Si deve evitare di somministrare fentiazac in pazienti in terapia anticoagulante a lungo termine e in coloro che sono affetti da severa insufficienza cardiaca. Da evitare anche l'assunzione nel corso del terzo trimestre di gravidanza.

Dosi terapeutiche

Il dosaggio usuale nell'adulto è di 200 mg ogni 12 ore. Nei soggetti anziani la posologia viene stabilita dal medico che potrà optare per una riduzione del dosaggio.

Interazioni

Il trattamento associato con corticosteroidi determina un aumento del rischio di ulcerazione ed emorragia gastrointestinale. L'associazione con anticoagulanti, ad esempio il warfarin, può potenziare l'effetto di questi ultimi. Fentiazac come altri FANS può ridurre l'effetto dei diuretici e di alcuni farmaci antiipertensivi.

Note

  1. ^ A. Forlani, S. Cerutti; F. Sperandeo, [Anti-edematous, anti-inflammatory and analgesics activity of fentiazac, naproxen and diclofenac sodium]., in Boll Chim Farm, vol. 116, n. 7, luglio 1977, pp. 410-23, PMID 302713.
  2. ^ M. Quattrini, G. Zanolo; A. Mondino; C. Giachetti; S. Silvestri, Serum and urinary levels of fentiazac after a single oral and epicutaneous administration in human subjects., in Arzneimittelforschung, vol. 31, n. 6, 1981, pp. 1046-8, PMID 7196238.
  3. ^ S. Fumero, A. Mondino; S. Silvestri; G. Zanolo; G.De Marchi; S. Pedrazzini, Binding of fentiazac to serum protein., in Pharmacol Res Commun, vol. 12, n. 1, gennaio 1980, pp. 41-8, PMID 7384163.
  4. ^ S. Fumero, A. Mondino; S. Silvestri; G. Zanolo; G.De Marchi; S. Pedrazzini, Metabolism of fentiazac., in Arzneimittelforschung, vol. 30, n. 8, 1980, pp. 1253-6, PMID 7192138.
  5. ^ PS. Dowell, DM. Pierce; RA. Franklin; R. Norris; H. Harries; H. Whiteland, The pharmacokinetics of fentiazac and its metabolite, p-hydroxyfentiazac, after twice-daily oral administration to male volunteers., in Xenobiotica, vol. 14, n. 12, dicembre 1984, pp. 947-53, DOI:10.3109/00498258409151493, PMID 6531942.
  6. ^ G. Houin, C. Lapeyre; MA. Rochas; AE. Tufenkji; G. Campistron; Y. Coulais; JP. Akbaraly; L. Grislain; H. Beck, Pharmacokinetic study of fentiazac and its main metabolite hydroxyfentiazac in the elderly., in Arzneimittelforschung, vol. 43, n. 1, gennaio 1993, pp. 50-3, PMID 8447848.
  7. ^ K. Shimura, A. Oto; Y. Hanai; S. Watanabe; M. Toda; K. Asada; K. Ishibashi; Y. Shimabukuro; N. Yokochi; H. Shiramizu; T. Fuse, Analgesic effect of fentiazac after tooth extraction or minor oral surgery., in Clin Ther, vol. 4, n. 1, 1981, pp. 12-7, PMID 6974045.
  8. ^ JV. Francisco, Fentiazac as an oral analgesic for postoperative dental pain., in Clin Ther, vol. 6, n. 6, 1984, pp. 787-92, PMID 6334555.
  9. ^ A. Mano Azul, F. Mourão, [Fentiazac for postoperative pain and inflammation in children. Double blind clinical trial against placebo]., in Stoma (Lisb), vol. 1, n. 12, 1988, pp. 31-2, 35-6, 39-40, PMID 3076274.
  10. ^ JM. López, Treatment of acute tendinitis and bursitis with fentiazac--a double-blind comparison with placebo., in Clin Ther, vol. 5, n. 1, 1982, pp. 79-84, PMID 6751536.
  11. ^ P. Gomarasca, [Fentiazac in arthritis due to sodium urate]., in Boll Chim Farm, vol. 115, n. 11, novembre 1976, pp. 774-85, PMID 1024513.
  12. ^ N. Thumb, G. Kolarz; O. Scherak; F. Mayrhofer, The efficacy and safety of fentiazac and diclofenac sodium in peri-arthritis of the shoulder: a multi-centre, double-blind comparison., in J Int Med Res, vol. 15, n. 6, pp. 327-34, PMID 3325316.
  13. ^ J. Molina, Fentiazac in acute gouty arthritis., in Clin Ther, vol. 7, n. 3, 1985, pp. 327-33, PMID 3995528.
  14. ^ M. Sinniger, P. Blanchard, Controlled clinical trial with Fentiazac cream in sport microtraumatology., in J Int Med Res, vol. 9, n. 4, 1981, pp. 300-2, PMID 7021266.
  15. ^ JP. Famaey, O. Gaci; F. Ginsberg, Fentiazac in the treatment of osteoarthritis and tendinitis., in Curr Med Res Opin, vol. 8, n. 9, 1983, pp. 675-81, DOI:10.1185/03007998309109817, PMID 6365468.
  16. ^ GM. Rendina, D. Patrono; A. Iansiti, [The use of fentiazac in the therapy of primary dysmenorrhea]., in Minerva Ginecol, vol. 34, n. 5, maggio 1982, pp. 395-400, PMID 6982435.
  17. ^ C. López Rosales, JH. Cisneros Lugo; LJ. Romo Enciso; MG. García Sandoval, [Nimesulide in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. Comparative clinical evaluation with mefenamic acid and fentiazac]., in Ginecol Obstet Mex, vol. 57, luglio 1989, pp. 196-201, PMID 2486951.

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