In 1912, the wealthy and prominent Lebanese aristocrat Nicolas Ibrahim Sursock built the private villa that now houses the museum. He decreed in his will that the villa be transformed into a museum.[1] When he died in 1952, he bequeathed the villa to the city of Beirut.[2] The museum opened in 1961, directed by Amine Beyhum, with an exhibit of works of contemporary Lebanese artists, setting a precedent for cultural events in Beirut.[3]
The Sursock Museum building exemplifies Lebanese architecture, with its Italianate (specifically Venetian) and Ottoman architectural influences.[2] It is one of the few remaining villas from its epoch in Beirut. It is located in the historic Rue Sursock in the Rmeil district of Beirut. The street is home to other mansions that were built in the 19th century by Beirut's most prominent families, such as the Sursocks and the Bustroses, even though this architectural heritage is threatened by developers and an almost-unregulated real estate market.
More than a hundred exhibitions have been held at the museum, including displays of works by Lebanese and international artists. The museum's permanent collection includes modern art, Japanese engravings and Islamic art.[4] The museum collection consists of over 800 artworks, including paintings, sculptures and graphic arts from the 19th and 20th centuries.[5]
On 4 August 2020, the museum sustained significant damage and some of its artworks were destroyed as a result of a catastrophic ammonium nitrate explosion.[6]
The museum was restored thanks to the financial commitment from various donors among them the Italian government with a donation of one million euro in May 2021.[7] It finally reopened on 26 May 2023.[8]
Expansion
The museum was expanded with four new underground floors beneath the current garden, at a cost of US$12 million.[5] French architect Jean-Michel Wilmotte and Lebanese architect Jacques Abou Khaled designed the expansion project.[9]
The project increased the museum's area from 1,500 square meters to 8,500 square meters and opened additional exhibition spaces, a research library, an auditorium, a restoration workshop, new storage spaces for the collection, as well as a store and restaurant.[10] The museum reopened on 8 October 2015.
Collection
The following is a list of Lebanese and international artists whose works are in the museum's permanent collection: