Howard Florey

Howard Walter Florey
Henkilötiedot
Syntynyt24. syyskuuta 1898
Adelaide, Australia
Kuollut21. helmikuuta 1968 (69 vuotta)
Oxford, Britannia
Kansalaisuus  Australia
Koulutus ja ura
Tutkinnot Adelaiden yliopisto
Cambridgen yliopisto
Instituutti Oxfordin yliopisto
Tutkimusalue bakteriologia, immunologia
Palkinnot Nobel-palkinto Nobelin fysiologian tai lääketieteen palkinto

Howard Walter Florey (24. syyskuuta 1898, Adelaide, Australia – 21. helmikuuta 1968, Oxford, Britannia)[1] oli australialainen tutkija, joka sai vuonna 1945 Nobelin lääketieteen palkinnon yhdessä Alexander Flemingin ja Ernst Boris Chainin kanssa penisilliiniin liittyvästä tutkimuksesta.[2]

Florey johti Oxfordissa ensimmäisten järjestelmällisesti penisilliiniä saaneiden potilaiden hoitoa ja tutkimusta. Hänellä oli keskeinen osa myös patologian kehittymisessä kokeelliseksi tieteeksi kotimaassaan Australiassa. Varhain urallaan hän kiinnostui ihmiskehon eritteissä esiintyvästä lysotsyymistä ja sen kyvystä tappaa bakteereja.[3]

Lähteet

  1. ↑ Florey, Howard Walter (1898 - 1968) Encyclopedia of Australian Science and Innovation. 20 October 1993, Last modified: 13 February 2018. Viitattu 9.9.2022. (englanniksi)
  2. ↑ The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1945 Nobelprize.org. Viitattu 16.8.2012. (englanniksi)
  3. ↑ Vuosisatamme 1000 tärkeintä ihmistä, osa 16. (52-osainen juttusarja 1969–1970, suomennettu The Sunday Timesista.) Helsingin Sanomat, 28.12.1969, s. 8. Näköislehden aukeama (tilaajille).
Nobelin fysiologian tai lääketieteen palkinnon saajat
1901–19251901: Behring

1902: Ross 1903: Finsen 1904: Pavlov 1905: Koch 1906: Golgi, Ramón y Cajal 1907: Laveran 1908: Metšnikov, Ehrlich 1909: Kocher 1910: Kossel 1911: Gullstrand 1912: Carrel 1913: Richet 1914: Bárány 1919: Bordet 1920: Krogh 1922: Hill, Meyerhof 1923: Banting, Macleod

1924: Einthoven
1926–19501926: Fibiger

1927: Wagner-Jauregg 1928: Nicolle 1929: Eijkman, Hopkins 1930: Landsteiner 1931: Warburg 1932: Sherrington, Adrian 1933: Morgan 1934: Whipple, Minot, Murphy 1935: Spemann 1936: Dale, Loewi 1937: Szent-Györgyi 1938: Heymans 1939: Domagk 1943: Dam, Doisy 1944: Erlanger, Gasser 1945: Fleming, Chain, Florey 1946: Muller 1947: C. Cori, G. Cori, Houssay 1948: Müller 1949: Hess, Moniz

1950: Kendall, Reichstein, Hench
1951–19751951: Theiler

1952: Waksman 1953: Krebs, Lipmann 1954: Enders, Weller, Robbins 1955: Theorell 1956: Cournand, Forssmann, Richards 1957: Bovet 1958: Beadle, Tatum, Lederberg 1959: Ochoa, Kornberg 1960: Burnet, Medawar 1961: Békésy 1962: Crick, Watson, Wilkins 1963: Eccles, Hodgkin, Huxley 1964: Bloch, Lynen 1965: Jacob, Lwoff, Monod 1966: Rous, Huggins 1967: Granit, Hartline, Wald 1968: Holley, Khorana, Nirenberg 1969: Delbrück, Hershey, Luria 1970: Katz, Euler, Axelrod 1971: Sutherland 1972: Edelman, Porter 1973: Frisch, Lorenz, Tinbergen 1974: Claude, Duve, Palade

1975: Baltimore, Dulbecco, Temin
1976–20001976: Blumberg, Gajdusek

1977: Guillemin, Schally, Yalow 1978: Arber, Nathans, Smith 1979: Cormack, Hounsfield 1980: Benacerraf, Dausset, Snell 1981: Sperry, Hubel, Wiesel 1982: Bergström, Samuelsson, Vane 1983: McClintock 1984: Jerne, Köhler, Milstein 1985: Brown, Goldstein 1986: Cohen, Levi-Montalcini 1987: Tonegawa 1988: Black, Elion, Hitchings 1989: Bishop, Varmus 1990: Murray, Thomas 1991: Neher, Sakmann 1992: Fischer, Krebs 1993: Roberts, Sharp 1994: Gilman, Rodbell 1995: Lewis, Nüsslein-Volhard, Wieschaus 1996: Doherty, Zinkernagel 1997: Prusiner 1998: Furchgott, Ignarro, Murad 1999: Blobel

2000: Carlsson, Greengard, Kandel
2001–2001: Hartwell, Hunt, Nurse

2002: Brenner, Horvitz, Sulston 2003: Lauterbur, Mansfield 2004: Axel, Buck 2005: Marshall, Warren 2006: Fire, Mello 2007: Capecchi, Evans, Smithies 2008: zur Hausen, Barré-Sinoussi, Montagnier 2009: Blackburn, Greider, Szostak 2010: Edwards 2011: Beutler, Hoffmann, Steinman 2012: Gurdon, Yamanaka 2013: Rothman, Schekman, Südhof 2014: O’Keefe, M.-B. Moser, E. Moser 2015: Campbell, Ōmura, Tu 2016: Ōsumi 2017: Hall, Rosbash, Young 2018: Allison, Honjo 2019: Kaelin, Ratcliffe, Semenza 2020: Alter, Houghton, Rice 2021: Julius, Patapoutian 2022: Pääbo 2023: Karikó, Weissman

2024: Ambros, Ruvkun
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