List of railway electrification systems

This is a list of the power supply systems that are, or have been, used for railway electrification.

Note that the voltages are nominal and vary depending on load and distance from the substation.

As of 2023^[update] many trams and trains use on-board solid-state electronics to convert these supplies to run three-phase AC traction motors.

Tram electrification systems are listed here.

Key to the tables below

• Volts: voltage or volt
• Current:
  • DC = direct current
  • # Hz = frequency in hertz (alternating current (AC))
    • AC supplies are usually single-phase (1φ) except where marked three-phase (3φ).
• Conductors:
  • overhead line or
  • conductor rail, usually a third rail to one side of the running rails. Conductor rail can be:
    • top contact: oldest, least safe, most affected by ice, snow, rain and leaves. Protection boards are installed on most top contact systems, which increases safety and reduces these affections.
    • side contact: newer, safer, less affected by ice, snow, rain and leaves
    • bottom contact: newest, safest, least affected by ice, snow, rain and leaves

Red background indicates voltages no longer in use on the indicated location

Systems using standard voltages

See also: Railway electrification system § Voltage, and List of tram systems by gauge and electrification

Voltages are defined by two standards: BS EN 50163^[1] and IEC 60850.^[2]

Overhead systems

600 V DC

Country	Location	Name of system	Notes
Worldwide		Many tram systems	This voltage is mostly used by older tram systems worldwide but by a few modern ones as well. See List of tram systems by gauge and electrification.
Germany	Trossingen	Trossingen Railway
Hungary	Budapest	Budapest Metro	Line M1
Japan	Chōshi, Chiba	Chōshi Electric Railway
	Kyoto, Kyoto	Eizan Electric Railway
	Kanagawa	Enoshima Electric Railway
	Matsuyama, Ehime	Iyotetsu Takahama Line
	Shizuoka, Shizuoka	Shizuoka Railway
Romania	Sibiu county	Sibiu-Rășinari Narrow Gauge Railway	Part of the former Sibiu tram line
Spain	Madrid	Madrid Metro	Lines 1, 4, 5, 6 and 9. In process to be converted to 1500 V
United Kingdom	Crich, England	National Tramway Museum
United States	Boston	MBTA subway	Green and Mattapan Lines, the at-grade section of Blue Line northeast of Airport station
	Cleveland	RTA Rapid Transit	Red Line
	San Diego	San Diego Trolley
	Iowa	Iowa Traction Railway

750 V DC

Country	Location	Name of system	Notes
Worldwide		Many tram systems	This voltage is used for most modern tram and light rail systems. See List of tram systems by gauge and electrification
Austria	Upper Austria	Local lines of Stern & Hafferl	Also listed as having 1500 V and 600 V lines
Austria Switzerland	Rhine / Lake Constance	Internationale Rheinregulierungsbahn	Construction railway for the regulation works of the river Rhine near its outfall into Lake Constance, now preserved. The river forms the border between Austria and Switzerland, and the railway operated in both countries.
Germany	Karlsruhe to Bad Herrenalb with a branch to Ittersbach	Albtalbahn	Railway of the Upper Rhine
Hong Kong	Hong Kong	MTR	MTR Light Rail
India	Bengaluru	Namma Metro
	Pune	Pune Metro Line 3
	Kolkata	Kolkata Metro
	Ahmedabad	Ahmedabad Metro
Japan	Hamamatsu, Shizuoka	Enshū Railway
	Hakone, Kanagawa	Hakone Tozan Railway Line	Between Hakone-Yumoto and Gōra
	Ehime	Iyotetsu Yokogawara Line and Gunchū Line
	Yokkaichi, Mie	Yokkaichi Asunarou Railway Utsube Line, Hachiōji Line
	Mie	Sangi Railway Hokusei Line
Mexico	Mexico City	STC	Line A
Netherlands	The Hague, Zoetermeer, Rotterdam and adjacent cities	Randstadrail
	Rotterdam	Rotterdam Metro	North of Capelsebrug station overhead wires
Philippines	Metro Manila	Manila LRT Line 1 (Manila Light Rail Transit System)	Between Dr. Santos and Fernando Poe Jr.
		Manila MRT Line 3 (Manila Metro Rail Transit System)	Between North Avenue and Taft Avenue
Switzerland	Canton of Aargau	Menziken–Aarau–Schöftland railway line
Republic of China (Taiwan)	New Taipei	New Taipei Metro: all Light Rail lines
Turkey	Adana	Adana Metro
	Eskişehir	EsTram
	Istanbul	Istanbul Metro	Line M1 and M5
United Kingdom	Manchester	Manchester Metrolink	All lines

1,200 V DC

Country	Location	Name of system	Notes
Cuba	Havana – Matanzas and branches	Ferrocarriles Nacionales de Cuba	Originally (and still known as) the Hershey Electric Railway
Germany	Lusatia		900 mm (2 ft 11+7⁄16 in) gauge mining railways in the lignite district
Spain	Barcelona, Catalonia	Barcelona Metro	Uses an overhead conductor rail/beam system
	Palma – Sóller, Majorca	Sóller Railway	[3]
Switzerland	Canton of Bern / canton of Solothurn	Aare Seeland mobil (ASm)	[4][5]
	Dietikon, canton of Zürich – Wohlen, canton of Aargau	Bremgarten-Dietikon-Bahn
	Zürich – Esslingen, canton of Zürich	Forchbahn	Forchbahn proper only; Forchbahn trains access their Zürich terminus via the Zürich tram network, which is electrified at 600 V DC. The rolling stock is equipped to run off both voltages.
	Frauenfeld, canton of Thurgau – Wil, canton of St. Gallen	Frauenfeld-Wil-Bahn
	Meiringen – Innertkirchen, canton of Bern	Meiringen–Innertkirchen Bahn
United States	Baltimore–Annapolis, Maryland	Baltimore and Annapolis Railroad	1914–1950
	Los Angeles – Inland Empire, California	Pacific Electric Upland–San Bernardino	Operated 1914–1950. 600 V in city limits
	California	Sacramento Northern Railway	Operated 1910–1936. Converted to 1,500 V. The southern division was built by the Oakland, Antioch and Eastern Railway.
	East Bay, California	East Bay Electric Lines	1911–1941
	Oregon	Oregon Electric Railway	1912–1945

1,500 V DC

Country	Location	Name of system	Notes
Argentina	Buenos Aires	Buenos Aires Metro	Lines A, C, D, E and H
		Tren de la Costa	Suburban line
Australia	Melbourne	Melbourne Suburban Railways
	Regional New South Wales	NSW TrainLink Intercity	Newcastle and Central Coast, Blue Mountains to Lithgow and South Coast to Kiama
	Sydney	Sydney Trains
		Sydney Metro	Lines partially converted from Sydney Trains only, completely new lines will use 25 kV 50 Hz AC[6]
Bangladesh	Dhaka	Dhaka Metro Rail	MRT Line 6 (Dhaka Metro)
Brazil	São Paulo	São Paulo Metro	Lines 4 and 5
Bulgaria	Sofia	Sofia Metro	Line 3 Gorna Banya – Hadzhi Dimitar
Canada	Montreal	Réseau express métropolitain	Incl. Deux-Montagnes line that was built by CNoR in 1918 as 2400 V DC, converted to 3000 V DC in the 1980s, converted to 25 kV 60 Hz in 1995 by the MTQ, being converted to light-metro standard and 1500 V DC
	Ottawa	O-Train	Confederation Line only; the Trillium Line is diesel LRT.
China	Beijing	Beijing Subway	Lines 6, 14 and 16
	Changchun	Changchun Rail Transit	Lines 1 and 2
	Changsha	Changsha Metro
	Changzhou	Changzhou Metro
	Chengdu	Chengdu Metro	Except lines 17, 18 and 19
	Chongqing	Chongqing Rail Transit	Lines 1, 4, 5, 6, 10 and Loop Line
	Dalian	Dalian Metro
	Dongguan	Dongguan Rail Transit
	Fushun	Fushun Electric Railway
	Fuzhou	Fuzhou Metro
	Guangzhou	Guangzhou Metro	Except Lines 4, 5, 6, 14 and 21, but overhead wires installed in depots.
	Guiyang	Guiyang Metro
	Haining	Hangzhou-Haining Intercity Rail
	Hangzhou	Hangzhou Metro
	Harbin	Harbin Metro
	Hefei	Hefei Metro
	Hohhot	Hohhot Metro
	Jinan	Jinan Metro
	Lanzhou	Lanzhou Metro
	Nanchang	Nanchang Metro
	Nanjing	Nanjing Metro
	Nanning	Nanning Metro
	Ningbo	Ningbo Rail Transit	Line 4 uses third rail for returning current
	Shanghai	Shanghai Metro	Except Lines 16 and 17, but overhead wires installed in the depot for line 16.
	Shaoxing	Shaoxing Metro
	Shenyang	Shenyang Metro
	Shenzhen	Shenzhen Metro	Except Lines 3 and 6, but overhead wires installed in the depot for line 6.
	Shijiazhuang	Shijiazhuang Metro
	Suzhou	Suzhou Metro
	Tianjin	Tianjin Metro	Lines 5, 6 and 9 only
	Ürümqi	Ürümqi Metro
	Wuhan	Wuhan Metro	Line 6 only
	Xi’an	Xi'an Metro
	Xiamen	Xiamen Metro
	Xuzhou	Xuzhou Metro
	Zhengzhou	Zhengzhou Metro
Colombia	Medellín	Medellín Metro	Lines A and B
Peru	Lima	Lima Metro
Czech Republic	Tábor – Bechyně	Správa železnic	Tábor – Bechyně line only (24 km, built in 1903)
Dominican Republic	Santo Domingo	Santo Domingo Metro
Egypt	Cairo	Cairo Metro	Line 1[7][8]
France	Société Nationale des Chemins de fer (SNCF)		25 kV AC used on new high speed lines (TGV) and in the north (see below)
Hong Kong	Hong Kong	Mass Transit Railway	Except East Rail line and Tuen Ma line which use 25 kV 50 Hz AC (see below) and the light rail which uses 750 V DC
Hungary	Budapest	Budapest Cog-wheel Railway	Converted from 550 V DC (city trams nominal voltage at that time) during the 1973 reconstruction.
Indonesia	Jakarta	KRL Jabodetabek Jakarta MRT
	Yogyakarta-Solo	KRL Commuterline Yogyakarta–Solo
Ireland	Dublin	Dublin Area Rapid Transit
Israel	Tel Aviv	Tel Aviv Light Rail	Red Line runs partially as a premetro
Italy	Rome	Rome Metro	Line A, Line B, Line Roma-Ostia Lido
Japan	Japan Railways (JR) lines		Most electrified lines in Kantō, Chūbu, Kansai, Chūgoku, and Shikoku (except Shinkansen and Hokuriku region)
	Most private railway lines		See Railway electrification in Japan for more details including exceptions
	Most subway lines
South Korea	Seoul National Capital Area	Seoul Subway	Except Korail Subway Line (except Line 3) (see below)
	Busan	Busan Subway
	Daegu	Daegu Subway
	Daejeon	Daejeon Subway
	Gwangju	Gwangju Subway
	Incheon	Incheon Subway Line 1
Mexico	Guadalajara	SITEUR	Line 3
	Mexico City	STC	Line 12
	Monterrey	Sistema de Transporte Colectivo Metrorrey
Netherlands	Nederlandse Spoorwegen – Dutch Railways (NS)		25 kV AC used on high speed lines and freight line Betuweroute (see below); The existing 1500V DC lines might be converted to 3kV DC.
New Zealand	Wellington	Wellington suburban	Except Wairarapa Line beyond Upper Hutt. Since 2011, the nominal voltage was 1600 V but with the same tolerances as 1500 V (i.e. 1300–1800 V), making it backwards-compatible with 1500 V rolling stock. Since May 2016 the operating voltage was increased to 1700 V DC following the full introduction of the Matangi EMUs.
Philippines	Metro Manila	Manila MRT	Makati Intra-city Subway (Line 5) and Metro Manila Subway (Line 9) only. Line 7 uses 750 V DC third rail.
	Metro Manila Rizal	Manila LRT	Line 2 only. Line 1 uses 750 V DC.
	Metro Manila Central Luzon Laguna	Philippine National Railways	North–South Commuter Railway
Portugal	Lisbon, Oeiras and Cascais	Linha de Cascais	To be converted to 25kV AC.[9]
Singapore	Singapore	Mass Rapid Transit	North East Line, operated by SBS Transit
Slovakia	Tatra Mountains in the area of Poprad	Tatra Electric Railway
Spain	Catalonia	Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya
	Madrid	ADIF	Only Cercedilla-Cotos line
	Mallorca	Serveis Ferroviaris de Mallorca
	North coast (Asturias-Leon-Cantabria-Basque Country)	FEVE
	Basque Country	Euskotren Trena
	Valencian Community	Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat Valenciana
Sweden	Stockholm	Roslagsbanan
Switzerland	Aigle – Leysin, canton of Vaud	Chemin de fer Aigle–Leysin (AL)
	Aigle, Vaud – Champéry, canton of Valais	Chemin de fer Aigle–Ollon–Monthey–Champéry (AOMC)
	Aigle – Les Diablerets, canton of Vaud	Chemin de fer Aigle–Sépey–Diablerets (ASD)
	Interlaken – Lauterbrunnen / Grindelwald, canton of Bern	Berner Oberland Bahn (BOB)
	Canton of Jura	Chemins de fer du Jura (CJ)	Metre gauge lines only
	Lausanne – Bercher, canton of Vaud	Chemin de fer Lausanne–Échallens–Bercher (LEB)
	Nyon – La Cure, canton of Vaud	Chemin de fer Nyon-St-Cergue-Morez (NStCNM)	Converted in the 1980s from 2200 V DC
	Vitznau / Goldau – Rigi	Rigi Bahnen (VRB/ARB)
	Wilderswil – Schynige Platte, canton of Bern	Schynige Platte Bahn (SPB)
	Liestal – Waldenburg, canton of Basel-Country	Waldenburgerbahn (WB)
	Lauterbrunnen – Grindelwald, canton of Bern	Wengernalpbahn (WAB)
Turkey	Bursa	Bursaray
	Istanbul	Istanbul Metro	Line M3, M4, M7, M8, M9 and M11
United Kingdom	Newcastle, Sunderland, Gateshead and Tyneside	Tyne & Wear Metro	Light rail
United States	Chicago	Metra Electric District
	California	Sacramento Northern Railway	operated 1936–c. 1960s
	Maryland	Purple Line	Light rail under construction
	Northern Indiana & Chicago	South Shore Line
	Oregon	Southern Pacific Red Electric Lines	1914–1929
	Seattle	Central Link	Light rail

3 kV DC

Country	Location	Name of system	Note
Belgium	Belgium National Railways (SNCB)		National standard. 25 kV AC used on high speed lines and some lines in the south (see below).
Brazil	Rio de Janeiro	SuperVia Trens Urbanos
	São Paulo	São Paulo Metropolitan Trains
Chile	Empresa de los Ferrocarriles del Estado
Czech Republic	Správa železnic		Northern part of network only (approx. the Děčín – Praha – Ostrava route). The system change stations are Kadaň-Prunéřov, Beroun, Benešov u Prahy, Kutná Hora hl.n., Svitavy, Nezamyslice, Nedakonice. The southern part uses 25 kV 50 Hz (see below). The 3 kV system is to be phased out in favour of 25 kV AC.[10]
Estonia	Tallinn	Elron	Commuter rail only
Georgia	Georgian Railways		In fact 3,300 V
Italy	Rete Ferroviaria Italiana		25 kV AC used on new high speed lines (see below)
North Korea	Korean State Railway		National standard
Latvia	Latvian Railways		Commuter rail only.
Morocco	ONCF		National standard
Netherlands	ProRail		Planned
Poland	Polish State Railways		National standard. Planned high speed lines in Poland will use 25 kV AC[11]
	Warsaw and suburbs	Warszawska Kolej Dojazdowa	600 V DC until 27 May 2016
Russia	Russian Railways		New electrification use only 25 kV AC (see below), except Moscow Central Circle and other interconnection lines in Moscow, and 2 interconnection lines (Veymarn line and Kamennogorsk line) in St. Petersburg. Sverdlovsk railway and West Siberian railway to be converted to 25 kV AC.
Slovakia	Slovak Republic Railways (ŽSR)		Northern main line (connected to Czech Republic and Poland) and eastern lines (around Košice and Prešov), conversion to 25 kV AC planned,[10] and the broad gauge line between Košice and the Ukraine border (it will remain 3 kV until new broad gauge line construction, then convert to 25 kV AC), planned new broad gauge line is supposed to use 25 kV AC. Currently, the part north and east of the station Púchov uses 3 kV DC, the rest uses 25 kV 50 Hz (see below).
Slovenia	Slovenian Railways		National standard
South Africa	Transnet Freight Rail; Metrorail		National standard; also 25 kV AC (see below) and 50 kV AC used
Spain	Administrador de Infraestructuras Ferroviarias		25 kV AC used on high speed lines (AVE) (see below)
Ukraine	Ukrainian Railways		In east (Donetsk industrial zone), in west (west from L'viv – connecting to Slovakia and Poland), to be converted to 25 kV AC[12] (see below)

15 kV AC, 16+2⁄3 Hz / 16.7 Hz

Main article: 15 kV AC railway electrification

Country	Location	Name of system	Notes
Austria	ÖBB		National standard. Planned new high speed lines will near the border use 25 kV AC: Innsbruck-Italy and broad gauge to Ukraine. Austrian National Railways also operate in the small country of Liechtenstein, which also uses 15 kV AC.
Czech Republic	Znojmo - Retz	Správa železnic	Isolated section near border with Austria
Germany	Deutsche Bahn - German National Railways (DB)		National standard
Norway	Norwegian National Rail Administration
Sweden	Swedish Transport Administration
Switzerland	Canton of Bern	BLS
	Central Switzerland and Bernese Highlands	Zentralbahn
	Canton of Vaud	Chemin de fer Bière-Apples-Morges (BAM)
	Canton of Zürich	Sihltal Zürich Uetliberg Bahn
	Swiss Federal Railways (SBB CFF FFS)

25 kV AC, 50 Hz

Main article: 25 kV AC railway electrification

Country	Location	Name of system	Notes
Argentina	Buenos Aires	Roca Line	Constitución – Ezeiza Constitución – Alejandro Korn Constitución – Bosques Constitución – La Plata
Australia	Brisbane, North Coast line, Blackwater and Goonyella coal railways	Queensland Rail
	Perth	Transperth
	Adelaide	Adelaide Metro	Seaford/Flinders and Gawler lines electrified
	Sydney	Sydney Metro	Completely new lines (Western Sydney Airport and Sydney Metro West) converted lines use 1500V DC[6]
Belarus			National standard
Belgium	Belgium National Railways (NMBS/SNCB)		High-speed lines and some other lines. The rest of the network is 3 kV DC (see above)
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Botswana			Proposed line to Namibia
Bulgaria	Bulgarian State Railways
China	China Railway		National standard
	Beijing	Beijing Subway	Daxing Airport Line only
	Chengdu	Chengdu Metro	Lines 17, 18 and 19 only
	Wenzhou	Wenzhou Rail Transit
Croatia	Croatian Railways		Lines Zagreb-Rijeka and Rijeka-Šapjane formerly used 3kv DC traction
Czech Republic	Správa železnic		Southern lines only (linking Karlovy Vary – Cheb – Plzeň – České Budějovice – Tábor – Jihlava – Brno – Břeclav – Slovakia), northern lines use 3 kV DC (see above)
Denmark		Banedanmark	National standard, excluding Copenhagen S-train
Djibouti	Addis Ababa–Djibouti Railway	Ethiopian Railway Corporation
Ethiopia	Addis Ababa–Djibouti Railway	Ethiopian Railway Corporation
Finland			National standard
France	North and new lines	SNCF	A number of lines also electrified with 1.5 kV (see above)
Germany	Harz	Rübelandbahn
Greece	Hellenic Railways Organisation		National standard
Hong Kong	Kowloon, New Territories	MTR	East Rail and Tuen Ma lines
Hungary	Hungarian State Railways and Raaberbahn
India	Indian Railways		Entire IR network uses the current system since 2016.
	Mumbai	Mumbai Suburban Railway	Conversion from 1.5 kV DC to the current system was completed in 2012 (for Western line[13]) and 2016 (for Central line[14][15][16]) respectively
	Mumbai	Mumbai Metro (Line 1)
	Chennai (Madras)	Chennai Metro
	Delhi	Delhi Metro
	Hyderabad	Hyderabad Metro
	Pune	Pune Metro
	Nagpur	Nagpur Metro
	Jaipur	Jaipur Metro
	Lucknow	Lucknow Metro
Iran			Planned
Israel	Israel Railways		Construction contract awarded in December 2015.[17] Initial test runs began December 2017.
Italy	Rete Ferroviaria Italiana (Italian Railways Network)		New high-speed lines only, other lines use 3 kV DC (see above)
Japan	Kantō (northeast of Tokyo), Tōhoku, and Hokkaido regions	JR East Tohoku Shinkansen, Joetsu Shinkansen, and Hokuriku Shinkansen (sections between Tokyo – Karuizawa, and between Jōetsumyōkō – Itoigawa) JR Hokkaido Hokkaido Shinkansen	25 kV AC 60 Hz in some areas (see below).
Kazakhstan
Laos	Boten–Vientiane railway
Latvia	Latvian Railways		Eastern lines only (planned)
Lithuania	Kena — Kaunas and Lentvaris — Trakai	Lithuanian Railways (LG)	Electrification of Naujoji Vilnia – Kena — Gudogai (BCh) route for Vilnius – Minsk (Belarus) services is established on 2017. Further Kaunas – Klaipeda and Kaunas – Kybartai corridors electrification will follow projects.
Luxembourg	Chemins de fer luxembourgeois (CFL)		National standard
Malaysia	Padang Besar – KL Sentral – Gemas	KTM ETS (run through West Coast railway line), Keretapi Tanah Melayu Berhad	Under construction: Hat Yai (in Thailand) – Padang Besar (to be opened by 2020) and Gemas – Johor Bahru (to be opened by 2022)
	Bukit Mertajam – Padang Regas and Butterworth – Padang Besar	KTM Komuter Northern Sector, Keretapi Tanah Melayu Berhad
	Batu Caves – Pulau Sebang/Tampin, Tanjung Malim – Port Klang and KL Sentral – Terminal Skypark	KTM Komuter Central Sector (Seremban Line, Port Klang Line and Skypark Link), Keretapi Tanah Melayu Berhad
	KL Sentral – KLIA2	Express Rail Link (KLIA Ekspres and KLIA Transit)
Montenegro	Belgrade–Bar railway and Nikšić–Podgorica railway	Railways of Montenegro
Morocco	Kenitra–Tangier high-speed rail line	ONCF	Casablanca–Kenitra section of high-speed rail remains at 3 kV DC[18]
Namibia			Proposed line to Botswana
Netherlands	HSL-Zuid high speed line and Betuweroute freight line	Nederlandse Spoorwegen	1.5 kV DC used on the rest of the network (see above)
New Zealand	Auckland	Auckland suburban	77 km between Swanson and Papakura; first service 28 April 2014
	Central North Island	North Island Main Trunk	411 km between Palmerston North and Hamilton
North Macedonia	Makedonski Železnici
Poland	Hrubieszów	Broad Gauge Metallurgy Line (LHS)	A section from the border to Hrubieszów will be electrified in conjunction with the electrification of the connecting border – Izov – Kovel line in Ukraine.[19] The reminder sections will follow.
Portugal	Portuguese Railways (CP)		Except the Linha de Cascais (1500 V DC)
Romania	Caile Ferate Romane
Russia	Russian Railways		National standard used for new electrification; some areas still use 3 kV DC (see above)
Serbia	Serbian Railways
Slovakia	Slovak Republic Railways (ŽSR)		South-western lines only (around Bratislava, Kuty, Trencin, Trnava, Nove Zamky, Zvolen) and the rest of the network (except narrow gauge lines), currently 3 kV DC, to follow (see above)
South Africa	Transnet Freight Rail, Gautrain		Also 3 kV DC (see above) and 50 kV 50 Hz used.
Spain	ADIF Alta Velocidad		High-speed lines only, other lines use 3 kV DC (see above)
Sweden	Malmö	Öresund Line	On the Öresund Bridge and short part of land.
	Haparanda	Haparanda Line broad gauge track	Only at the station near the border to Finland (with 1524mm gauge)
Thailand	Bangkok	Suvarnabhumi Airport Link
Tunisia			[20]
Turkey	Turkish State Railways (TCDD)		National standard
United Kingdom	Network Rail		Except Southern region and Merseyrail and Northern Ireland
Ukraine	Ukrainian Railways		National standard, in most of the west; also 3 kV DC in the east (see above)
Uzbekistan
Zimbabwe	Gweru – Harare	National Railways of Zimbabwe (NRZ)	De-energised in 2008. May be renewed in the future.[21]

25 kV AC, 60 Hz

Main article: 25 kV AC railway electrification

Country	Location	Name of system	Notes
Japan	Kantō (west of Tokyo), Chūbu, Kansai, Chūgoku, and Kyushu regions	Tōkaidō-Sanyō Shinkansen Hokuriku Shinkansen (sections between Karuizawa – Jōetsumyōkō, and between Itoigawa – Tsuruga) Kyushu Shinkansen Nishi Kyushu Shinkansen	25 kV AC 50 Hz in eastern Japan (see above)
South Korea	Korail		All Korail freight/passenger lines except Seoul subway Line 3 which is 1.5 kV DC (see above)
	Seoul	Shinbundang line
	Incheon, Seoul	A'REX
Mexico	Greater Mexico City	Ferrocarril Suburbano de la Zona Metropolitana del Valle de México	[22]
	Mexico Valley, Toluca Valley	El Insurgente	First section operating on 2023. Rest expected mid of 2024
	Yucatán Peninsula	Tren Maya	Under construction. About 40% of the route to be electrified [23]
Saudi Arabia	Hejaz region	Haramain High-Speed Railway
Republic of China (Taiwan)	Taiwan Railways Administration		National standard
	Western Taiwan	Taiwan High Speed Rail
United States	New Jersey	Morris & Essex Lines, New Jersey Transit	Converted from 3,000 V DC to 25 kV 60 Hz in 1984.
	Aberdeen-Matawan to Long Branch, New Jersey	North Jersey Coast Line, New Jersey Transit	Converted in 1978 from Pennsylvania Railroad 11 kV 25 Hz system to the 12.5 kV 25 Hz on the Rahway-Matawan ROW and 12.5 kV 60 Hz electrification extended to Long Branch in 1988. The Matawan-Long Branch voltage converted from 12.5 kV 60 Hz system to the 25 kV 60 Hz in 2002.
	New Haven to Boston	Northeast Corridor (NEC), Amtrak	Electrified in 2000; see Amtrak's 60 Hz traction power system
	Denver	Denver RTD	Opened in 2016; separate 750 V DC system for light rail
	Rancho Cucamonga to Las Vegas	Brightline West	Under construction, expected to be operational by 2027–28.
	California	California High-Speed Rail	Under construction between Merced and Bakersfield, set to begin operation in 2029–30.
	San Francisco Peninsula	Caltrain	Completed in 2024; see Caltrain Modernization Program
	New Mexico	Navajo Mine Railroad
	Texas	Texas Utilities, Monticello & Martin Lake	see E25B and Internet reference[24]

Conductor rail systems

600 V DC conductor

All systems are third rail unless stated otherwise. Used by some older metros.

Country	Location	Name of system	Notes
Argentina	Buenos Aires	Urquiza Line	Federico Lacroze-General Lemos
Canada	Toronto	Toronto subway	Only on subway lines
Greece	Athens	EIS/ISAP	used between 1904 and 1985
Italy	Turin	Superga Rack Railway
Japan	Tokyo	Tokyo Metro Ginza Line and Marunouchi Line
	Nagoya, Aichi	Nagoya Municipal Subway Higashiyama Line and Meijō Line
Sweden	Stockholm	Stockholm Metro	650 V, Green and Red Lines
United Kingdom	Glasgow	Glasgow Subway
United States	Anaheim, California	Disneyland Monorail
	Boston	Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority	Red and Orange Lines, the subway part of the Blue Line southwest of Airport station
	Chicago	Chicago "L"	elevated and subway lines
	Staten Island	Staten Island Railway
	New York City metro area	PATH
	Philadelphia	SEPTA Metro - B
	Bay Lake, Florida	Walt Disney World Monorail System
	California	Sacramento Northern Railway	Used 1906–c. 1960s. The Northern subdivision was built by the Northern Electric Railway and operated with overhead wires in towns.

750 V DC conductor

Conductor rail systems have been separated into tables based on whether they are top, side or bottom contact. Used by most metros outside Asia and the former Eastern bloc.

Bottom contact

Country	Location	Name of system	Notes
Algeria	Algiers	Algiers Metro
Austria	Vienna	Vienna U-Bahn
Brazil	São Paulo	São Paulo Metro	Except Lines 4 and 5
China	Beijing	Beijing Subway	Capital Airport Line only
	Kunming	Kunming Metro	Except Line 4
	Tianjin	Tianjin Metro	Lines 2 and 3 only
	Wuhan	Wuhan Metro	Lines 1, 2, 3 and 4 only
Czech Republic	Prague	Prague Metro
Denmark	Copenhagen	Copenhagen Metro
Egypt	Cairo	Cairo Metro	Line 2 and Line 3
Finland	Helsinki	Helsinki Metro
Germany	Berlin	Berlin U-Bahn and Berlin S-Bahn	Lines from U5 to U9 (large profile). Negative polarity.
	Hamburg	Hamburg U-Bahn
	Munich	Munich U-Bahn
	Nuremberg	Nuremberg U-Bahn
India	Bangalore	Namma Metro
	Kochi	Kochi Metro
	Ahmedabad	Ahmedabad Metro
	Kanpur	Kanpur Metro
	Gurgaon	Rapid Metro Gurgaon
	Kolkata	Kolkata Metro
South Korea	Busan	Busan-Gimhae Light Rail Transit
Malaysia	Klang Valley	Klang Valley Integrated Transit System LRT Ampang and Sri Petaling lines, MRT Kajang and Putrajaya lines, and KL Monorail	to be used on LRT Shah Alam Line
Netherlands	Amsterdam	Amsterdam Metro	including line 51 north of Station Zuid
	Rotterdam	Rotterdam Metro	North of Capelsebrug station overhead wires
Norway	Oslo	Oslo T-bane
Poland	Warsaw	Warsaw Metro
Romania	Bucharest	Bucharest Metro
Singapore	Singapore	Mass Rapid Transit	North–South, East–West, Circle and Thomson-East Coast lines operated by SMRT Trains Downtown line operated by SBS Transit
Republic of China (Taiwan)	Kaohsiung	Kaohsiung Metro
	Taipei	Taipei Metro
	Taoyuan–Taipei	Taoyuan Metro
Turkey	Ankara	Ankara Metro
	Istanbul	Istanbul Metro	Lines M2 and M6 only
	İzmir	İzmir Metro
United Kingdom	London	Docklands Light Railway
United States	New York City	Metro-North Railroad

Side contact

Country	Location	Name of system	Notes
Canada	Montreal	Montreal Metro	(guide bars, see DC, four-rail below)
China	Shanghai	Shanghai Metro – Pujiang line	Central guide rail for rubber-tyred Bombardier Innovia APM 300
Chile	Santiago	Santiago Metro
France	Paris	Paris Métro (Rubber tired)	Positive (and sometimes negative) polarity on guide bars. See DC, four-rail below.
	Lyon	Lyon Métro
	Marseille	Marseille Métro
	Lille	Lille Métro
	Rennes	Rennes Métro
	Toulouse	Toulouse Métro
Hong Kong	Hong Kong	Hong Kong International Airport Automated People Mover (APM)	Mitsubishi "Crystal Mover" system using two power rails (positive and negative) with side collection.
Indonesia	Palembang	Palembang Light Rail Transit	Palembang Light Rail Transit and Greater Jakarta Light Rail Transit are operated by Kereta Api Indonesia. Jakarta Light Rail Transit is operated by Jakarta Propertindo (Jakpro).
	Jakarta	Jakarta Light Rail Transit
		Greater Jakarta Light Rail Transit
Japan	Sapporo, Hokkaido	Sapporo Municipal Subway Namboku Line
Singapore	Singapore	Light Rail Transit	Sengkang and Punggol lines operated by SBS Transit
	Singapore	Sentosa Express	Sentosa Express operated by SDC
Malaysia	Klang Valley	Klang Valley Integrated Transit System LRT Kelana Jaya line	Innovia Metro system using two power rails (positive and negative) with side collection.
United States	Las Vegas	Las Vegas Monorail

Top contact

Country	Location	Name of system	Notes
Canada	Vancouver	Vancouver SkyTrain	Canada Line only
China	Beijing	Beijing Subway	Capital Airport Line use bottom contact
	Tianjin	Tianjin Metro	Line 1 only
France	Paris	Paris Métro (Conventional metro)
Germany	Berlin	Berlin U-Bahn	Lines from U1 to U4 (small profile)
Greece	Athens	Athens Metro	Line 1 was 600 V before 1985.
Hungary	Budapest	Budapest Metro	Except line M1, which is 600 V DC with overhead lines.
India	Kolkata	Kolkata Metro
Japan	Osaka, Osaka	Osaka Metro	Except the Sakaisuji Line, Nagahori Tsurumi-ryokuchi Line, and the Imazatosuji Line, which are 1,500 V DC with overhead lines.
	Suita, Osaka Toyonaka, Osaka	Kita-Osaka Kyuko Railway
	Higashiosaka, Osaka Ikoma, Nara Nara, Nara	Kintetsu Keihanna Line
	Yokohama, Kanagawa	Yokohama Municipal Subway	Blue Line (Line 1 and Line 3) only
North Korea	Pyongyang	Pyongyang Metro	based on fleet of cars from Beijing and Germany
South Korea	Yongin	Everline
Portugal	Lisbon	Lisbon Metro
Sweden	Stockholm	Stockholm Metro	Nominal voltage 650 V, subway 3 (blue line) 750 V. Subway 1 and 2 will change in the long term to 750 V.
United Kingdom	Liverpool	Merseyrail
	London	Northern City Line	access to City (Moorgate)
	London	Suburban electrification of the LNWR Suburban Network	formerly four-rail out of Euston and Broad Street, curtailed, upgraded and standardised
	Southern England	Southern Region of British Railways and successors	660 V system upgraded and expanded
	London	Waterloo and City line	Upgraded by British Rail to 750V prior to sale to London Underground
United States	Atlanta	MARTA
	Los Angeles	Los Angeles Metro Rail	B and D Lines
	Miami	Metrorail
	New York City and Long Island East River Tunnels shared with Amtrak	Long Island Rail Road	Central, Greenport, and Oyster Bay branches not electrified; Montauk Branch not electrified east of Babylon; Port Jefferson Branch not electrified east of Huntington
	Philadelphia	PATCO Speedline
	Puerto Rico	Tren Urbano
	Washington, D.C.	Washington Metro
	within the Hudson and East River Tunnels as well as under Manhattan Northeast Corridor	Amtrak
	within the Hudson Tunnel into Manhattan	New Jersey Transit

Mixed

Type	Country	Location	Name of system	Notes
See note	China	Tianjin	Tianjin Metro	Top contact in Line 1, bottom contact in Lines 2 and 3

1,200 V DC conductor

All systems are third rail and side contact unless stated otherwise.

Country	Location	Name of system	Notes
Germany	Hamburg	Hamburg S-Bahn	15 kV  16.7 Hz AC with overhead line in part of network.
United Kingdom	Manchester	Bury Line	Dismantled 1991, converted to Manchester Metrolink tramway (750 V DC overhead)
United States	California	Central California Traction Company	1908–1946, bottom contact[25]

1,500 V DC conductor

All systems are third rail unless stated otherwise.

Type	Country	Location	Name of system	Notes
Bottom contact	France	Paris	Paris Métro Line 18	Currently under construction
		Toulouse	Line C (Toulouse Metro) [fr]	Currently under construction
Side contact		Chambéry – Modane	Culoz–Modane railway	used between 1925 and 1976, today overhead wire
Bottom contact	China	Beijing	Beijing Subway	Line 7 only
		Guangzhou	Guangzhou Metro	Lines 4, 5, 6, 14 and 21 only. Overhead wires in depots; all trains are equipped with pantographs
		Kunming	Kunming Metro	Line 4 only
		Qingdao	Qingdao Metro
		Shanghai	Shanghai Metro	Lines 16 and 17 only. Overhead wires in depot of Line 16, all trains on Line 16 have pantographs for depot use.
		Shenzhen	Shenzhen Metro	Lines 3 and 6 only. Overhead wires in depot of Line 6, all trains on Line 6 have pantographs for depot use.
		Wuhan	Wuhan Metro	Lines 7, 8, 11 and Yangluo Line only
		Wuxi	Wuxi Metro

Systems using non-standard voltages

Overhead systems

DC voltage

Voltage	Country	Location	Name of system	Notes
120	United Kingdom	Seaton, Devon	Seaton Tramway	Half scale trams. Operated 1969-now. Substations have battery banks for back up.
250	United States	Chicago	Chicago Tunnel Company	operated 1906–1959
370	United States	Connecticut	Norwich and Westerly Railway	operated 1906–1922[26]
525	Switzerland	Lauterbrunnen	Bergbahn Lauterbrunnen-Mürren
550	Hong Kong	Hong Kong Island	Hong Kong Tramways
	Isle of Man	Isle of Man	Manx Electric Railway
			Snaefell Mountain Railway	The third rail is for the Fell Brake and doesn't carry any power
	India	Kolkata	Trams in Kolkata
	United States	Bakersfield, California	Bakersfield and Kern Electric Railway	operated 1888–1942
		Fresno, California	Fresno Traction Company	operated 1903–1939
		Monterey, California	Monterey and Pacific Grove Railway	operated 1905–1923
		Phoenix, Arizona	Phoenix Street Railway	operated 1888–1948[27]
		Reno, Nevada	Reno Traction Company	operated 1904–1927, see Streetcars in Reno
575	United States	Birmingham, Alabama	Birmingham Railway, Light and Power Company	[28]
650	United States	Buffalo, New York	Buffalo Metro Rail
		El Paso, Texas	El Paso Streetcar
		Pittsburgh	Pittsburgh Light Rail
	Switzerland	Basel	Basel Trams (BVB/BLT)
660	Poland	Metropolis GZM	Silesian Interurbans
700	Switzerland	Bex – Col de Bretaye, Vaud	Chemin de fer Bex-Villars-Bretaye
730	United States	Pennsylvania	Philadelphia Suburban Transportation Company	purchased by Philadelphia and Western Railroad in 1953 and converted to 600 VDC[29]
800	Poland	Tricity	Szybka Kolej Miejska (Tricity)	Operated 1951–1976. Converted to 3,000 V DC in 1976.
825	United States	Portland, Oregon	MAX, TriMet	Light rail sections west of NE 9th Avenue & Holladay Street utilize a 750 V system
850	Switzerland	Capolago – Monte Generoso, Ticino	Ferrovia Monte Generoso (MG)
900		Fribourg	Gruyere – Fribourg – Morat
		Vaud	Montreux–Lenk im Simmental line
			Vevey–Les Pléiades
1,000	Italy Switzerland	St Moritz, canton of Graubünden – Tirano, Lombardy	Rhätische Bahn (RhB)	Bernina line only; remainder of system electrified at 11 kV AC, 16 2⁄3 Hz. The Bernina line is an international line linking Switzerland (St. Moritz) with Italy (Tirano)
	Hungary	Budapest	Budapest Commuter Rail and Rapid Transit (BHÉV)	[30]
1,100	Argentina	Buenos Aires	Buenos Aires Metro (Subterráneos de Buenos Aires)	Only Line A (converted to 1,500 V DC with La Brugeoise trains replaced by new rolling stock in 2013)
1,250	Switzerland	Canton of Bern	Regionalverkehr Bern-Solothurn (RBS)	All lines except tram line 6 between Bern and Worb, which is electrified at 600 V DC[31]
1,350	Italy Switzerland	Domodossola, Piedmont – Locarno, canton of Ticino	Domodossola–Locarno railway line (FART / SSIF [de])	International railway between Italy (Domodossola) and Switzerland (Locarno)
	Switzerland	Lugano – Ponte Tresa, canton of Ticino	Ferrovia Lugano–Ponte Tresa (FLP)
1,650	Denmark	Copenhagen	Copenhagen S-train	Suburban rail network in Copenhagen
	Italy	Rome	Rome–Giardinetti railway	Isolated Italian metre gauge line.
2,400	Germany	Lausitzer		work line of the Lausitzer Braunkohle coal company
	Poland	Konin	Konin Coal Mine[32]
		Turek	PAK KWB ADAMÓW[32]	mine closed in February 2021, the railway will be dismantled[33]
	France	Grenoble	Chemin de fer de La Mure	−1,200 V, +1,200 V two wire system from 1903 to 1950. 2,400 V since 1950.[34]
	United States	Montana	Butte, Anaconda and Pacific Railway	electrified 1913–1967, dismantled in favor of diesel power
3,500	United Kingdom	Manchester	Bury – Holcombe Brook	operated 1913–1918
6,000	Russia			experiments in the late 1970s (3,000 V DC lines)

AC voltage

Voltage	Frequency	Country	Location	Name of system	Notes
3,300	15 Hz	United States	Tulare County, California	Visalia Electric Railroad	1904–1992
	25 Hz	United States	Napa and Solano Counties, California	San Francisco, Napa and Calistoga Railway	1905–1937
5,500	16+2⁄3 Hz	Germany	Murnau	Ammergau Railway	1905–1955, after 1955 15 kV, 16.7 Hz
6,250	50 Hz	United Kingdom	London, Essex, Herts	Great Eastern suburban lines	Great Eastern suburban lines from Liverpool Street London, 1950s–c1980 (converted to 25 kV)
		United Kingdom	Glasgow	Glasgow suburban lines	Sections of the North Clyde Line and Cathcart Circle Line from 1960-1970s
6,300	25 Hz	Germany	Hamburg	Hamburg S-Bahn	Operated with AC 1907–1955. Used both AC and DC (1,200 V 3rd rail) 1940–1955.
6,500	25 Hz	Austria	Sankt Pölten	Mariazellerbahn
6,600		Norway	Orkland	Thamshavnbanen
6,600	50 Hz	Germany	Cologne Lowland	Hambachbahn and Nord-Süd-Bahn	transports lignite from open-pit mines to powerplants. Owned by RWE.
6,600		United States	Northern Indiana	Chicago, Lake Shore and South Bend Railway	1908–1925 Converted to 1,500 V DC
6,700	25 Hz	United Kingdom	Morecambe branch line	Lancaster to Heysham	1908–1951 Converted to 25 kV 50 Hz as a test bed for the future main line electrification system
			South London line	London Victoria to London Bridge	1909–1928 Converted to 660 V (later 750 V) DC third-rail supply
8 kV	25 Hz	Germany	Karlsruhe	Alb Valley Railway	1911–1966, today using 750 V DC
10 kV		Netherlands	The Hague – Rotterdam	Hofpleinlijn	from 1908, in 1926 converted to 1,500 DC, In 2006 replaced by 750 V DC light rail
10 kV	50 Hz	Russia	industrial railways at quarries	Russian Railways	operated from 1950s at coal and ore quarries
		Ukraine		Ukrainian Railways
		Kazakhstan		some private industrial railways in Kazakhstan
11 kV	16+2⁄3 Hz	Switzerland	Graubünden	Rhätische Bahn (RhB)	Except the Bernina line, which is electrified at 1,000 V DC
				Matterhorn-Gotthard-Bahn (MGB)	formerly Furka Oberalp Bahn (FO) and BVZ Zermatt-Bahn
	50 Hz	France	Saint-Gervais-les-Bains	Mont Blanc Tramway
11 kV	25 Hz	United States		Pennsylvania Railroad Etc.,	All lines now 12 kV 25 Hz or 12.5 kV 60 Hz See Railroad electrification in the United States
		United States	Washington	Cascade Tunnel	Converted from three-phase 6600 V 25 Hz in 1927, dismantled 1956
		United States	Colorado	Denver and Intermountain Railroad	dismantled c. 1953[35]
12 kV	16+2⁄3 Hz	France	lines in Pyrenees	Chemin de fer du Midi	most converted to 1,500 V 1922–23; Villefranche-Perpignan diesel 1971, then 1,500 V 1984
12 kV	25 Hz	United States	Washington, DC – New York City	Northeast Corridor (NEC), Amtrak	11 kV until 1978
			Harrisburg, Pennsylvania to Philadelphia	Keystone Corridor, Amtrak	11 kV until 1978
			Philadelphia	SEPTA	Regional Rail system only; 11 kV until 1978
12 kV	25 Hz	United States	Rahway to Aberdeen-Matawan, New Jersey	North Jersey Coast Line, New Jersey Transit	1978–2002 (11 kV until 1978). Converted to 25 kV 60 Hz
12.5 kV	60 Hz	United States	Pelham, NY-New Haven, CT	New Haven Line, Metro-North Railroad, Amtrak	11 kV until 1985
16 kV	50 Hz	Hungary	Budapest–Hegyeshalom railway	Budapest to Hegyeshalom	Kandó system 1931–1972, converted to 25 kV 50 Hz
20 kV		Germany	Freiburg	Höllentalbahn	Operated 1933–1960. Converted to 15 kV 16+2⁄3 Hz.
		France	Aix-les-Bains – La Roche-sur-Foron	Société Nationale des Chemins de fer (SNCF)	Operated 1950–1953. Converted to 25 kV 50 Hz.
20 kV	50 Hz	Japan	most electrified JR/the third sector lines in Hokkaidō and Tōhoku	JR East, JR Hokkaidō, and others
	60 Hz		most electrified JR/the third sector lines in Kyūshū and Hokuriku region	JR Kyūshū and others
50 kV	50 Hz	South Africa	Northern Cape, Western Cape	Sishen–Saldanha railway line	opened in 1976 and hauls iron ore
	60 Hz	Canada	British Columbia	Tumbler Ridge Subdivision of BC Rail (Now Canadian National Railway)	Opened in 1983 to serve a coal mine in the northern Rocky Mountains. No longer in use.
		United States	Arizona	Black Mesa and Lake Powell Railroad	First line to use 50 kV electrification when it opened in 1973. This was an isolated coal-hauling short line; no longer in use.
	60 Hz	United States	Utah	Deseret Power Railroad	Formerly Deseret Western Railway. This is an isolated coal-hauling short line.

Three-phase AC voltage

Main article: Three-phase AC railway electrification

Two wires

Voltage	Current	Country	Location	Name of system	Notes
725	50 Hz, 3φ	Switzerland	Zermatt – Gornergrat, canton of Valais	Gornergratbahn
750	40 Hz, 3φ		Burgdorf – Thun	Burgdorf-Thun Bahn	Operated 1899–1933 converted to 15 kV 16+2⁄3 Hz in 1933
900	60 Hz, 3φ	Brazil	Rio de Janeiro	Corcovado Rack Railway
1125	50 Hz, 3φ	Switzerland	Interlaken	Jungfraubahn
3600	15 Hz, 3φ	Italy	Northern Italy	Valtellina Electrification	1902–1917
	50 Hz, 3φ	France	Saint-Jean-de-Luz to Larrun	Chemin de Fer de la Rhune
3600	16 Hz, 3φ	Italy Switzerland	Simplon Tunnel		1906–1930
3600	16+2⁄3 Hz, 3φ	Italy			operated 1912–1976 in Upper Italy (more info needed)
			Porrettana railway	FS	1927–1935
3600	16+2⁄3 Hz, 3φ	Italy	Trento/Trient to Brenner	Brenner Railway	1929–1965
5200	25 Hz, 3φ	Spain	Gérgal – Santa Fe	C.de H. Sur de España	1911–1966?
6600	25 Hz, 3φ	United States	Cascade Tunnel	Great Northern Railway (U.S.)	1909–1929
10 kV	45 Hz, 3φ	Italy	Roma – Sulmona	FS	1929–1944[36]

Three wires

Voltage	Current	Country	Location	Name of system	Notes
3000 V	50 Hz	Germany	Kierberg	Zahnradbahn Tagebau Gruhlwerk	rack railway (0.7 km) operated 1927–1949
10000 V			Berlin-Lichterfelde (de)		test track (1.8 km); variable voltage and frequency; trial runs 1898–1901
14 kV (See notes)	38 Hz – 48 Hz (See notes)		Zossen – Marienfelde		test track (23.4 km); trial runs 1901–1904 variable voltage between 10 kV and 14 kV and frequency between 38 Hz and 48 Hz.
	50 Hz	Russia	Ship elevator of Krasnoyarsk Reservoir		length: 1.5 km, 9000 mm gauge

Conductor rail systems (DC voltage)

Conductor rail systems have been separated into tables based on whether they are top, side or bottom contact.

Top contact systems

Voltage	Type	Country	Location	Name of system	Notes
50	See notes	United Kingdom	Brighton	Volk's Electric Railway	Volk's Railway prior to 1884 (current fed through running rails)
110	third rail				Claims to be the world's oldest operational electric railway
160					Volk's Railway between 1884 and 1980s
100	fourth rail		Beaulieu	Beaulieu Monorail (National Motor Museum – Beaulieu Palace House)	current fed by 2 contact wires
180	See notes	Germany	Berlin-Lichterfelde	Siemens streetcar	Current fed through the running rails Operated 1881–1891
200	third rail	United Kingdom	Southend	Southend Pier Railway	Until 1902[37]
250			Hythe, Hampshire	Hythe Pier Railway
		United States	Chicago, Illinois	Chicago Tunnel Company	Morgan Rack 1904, revenue service 1906–1908
300		Georgia	New Athos Cave Railway
400		Germany	Berchtesgaden	Berchtesgaden Salt Mine Railway
440		United Kingdom	London	Post Office Railway	Disused by post office since 2003[38] Now small section near Mount Pleasant operated as tourist attraction with battery powered stock[39] 150 V was used in station areas to limit train speed
550		Argentina	Buenos Aires	Buenos Aires Metro (Subterráneos de Buenos Aires)	Only Line B
625		United States	New York City	New York City Subway
630			Philadelphia	SEPTA Metro - M
	fourth rail	United Kingdom	London	London Underground	Supplied at +420 V and −210 V (630 V total).
650	See notes			Euston to Watford DC Line	Third rail with fourth rail bonded to running rail To enable London Underground trains to operate between Queen's Park and Harrow & Wealdstone. Similar bonding arrangements are used on the North London Line between Richmond and Gunnersbury and on the District Line between Putney Bridge and Wimbledon.
660	third rail			Southern Railway & London & South Western Railway	some areas up to 1939, original standard, mostly upgraded to 750 V (except for sections that operate with LUL stock).
700		United States	Baltimore, Maryland	Baltimore Metro SubwayLink
800		Germany	Berlin	Berlin S-Bahn	discontinued, today 750 V
825		North Korea	Pyongyang	Pyongyang Metro	uses old 750 V Berlin U-Bahn rolling stock
1000		United States	San Francisco	Bay Area Rapid Transit	[40]

Side contact systems

All third rail unless otherwise stated.

Voltage	Country	Location	Name of system	Notes
650	Canada	Vancouver	SkyTrain	Expo Line (1985) and Millennium Line (2006). Linear induction.
850	France	Martigny	Saint-Gervais–Vallorcine railway
1200	Germany	Hamburg	Hamburg S-Bahn	Since 1940. Used both third rail DC (1200 V) and overhead line AC (6.3 kV 25 Hz) until 1955. Also uses German standard 15 kV AC 16 2/3 Hz overhead electrification on the section between Neugraben and Stade on line S3, opened in December 2007.

Bottom contact systems

All third rail unless otherwise stated.

Voltage	Country	Location	Name of system	Notes
550	United States	California	Central California Traction Company	1907–1908, raised to 1,200 V[25]
700	United States	New York	Metro-North Railroad	Hudson and Harlem Lines, southern part of New Haven Line. Original New York Central Railroad electrification scheme to Grand Central Terminal.
		Philadelphia	SEPTA Metro – L	Originally 600 V, raised to 700 V
825	Belarus	Minsk	Minsk Metro	FSU underground system standard,[41] 825V substation output, 750V in rail on average
	Bulgaria	Sofia	Sofia Metro	Lines 1 and 2
	Russia	Moscow	Moscow Metro	Nominal voltage: 825 V; allowed range: 550 V – 975 V[42]
		Saint Petersburg	Saint Petersburg Metro
		Kazan	Kazan Metro
		Nizhny Novgorod	Nizhny Novgorod Metro
		Novosibirsk	Novosibirsk Metro
		Samara	Samara Metro
		Yekaterinburg	Yekaterinburg Metro
	Ukraine	Kyiv	Kyiv Metro	FSU underground systems share the same standard[41]
		Dnipro	Dnipro Metro
		Kharkiv	Kharkiv Metro
830	Argentina	Buenos Aires	Mitre Line	Retiro – José León Suárez Retiro – Bartolomé Mitre Retiro – Tigre
			Once – Moreno	Sarmiento Line
850	France	Villefranche	Ligne de Cerdagne	Often referred to as the "Yellow Train"
	Austria	Vienna	Wiener Lokalbahn
900	Belgium	Brussels	Brussels Metro

Conductor rail systems (AC voltage)

All systems are 3-phase unless otherwise noted.

Voltage	Current	Contact	Country	Location	Name of system	Notes
500	50 Hz	top/bottom[43]	Australia	Gold Coast, Queensland	Sea World Monorail	Operated 1986–2021
					Oasis Shopping Centre	Operated 1989–2017
				Sydney, New South Wales	Sydney Monorail	Operated 1988–2013[44]
600	50 Hz	side	China	Guangzhou	Guangzhou Metro – APM Line
			Singapore		LRT – Bukit Panjang line	[45]
			Japan	Saitama	New Shuttle
				Tokyo	Nippori-Toneri Liner
					Yurikamome
	60 Hz			Kobe, Hyōgo	Kobe New Transit
				Osaka	Osaka Metro – Nankō Port Town Line
					Kansai International Airport – Wing Shuttle
			Taiwan	Taoyuan	Taoyuan International Airport – Skytrain

Special or unusual types

DC, plough collection from conductors in conduit below track

Main article: Conduit current collection

• London County Council Tramways, later operated by London Transport
• streetcars in New York City (Manhattan), New York
• Washington, D.C. streetcars
• Panama Canal locks' ship handlers (called mules)

DC, one ground-level conductor

• Wolverhampton Corporation Tramways, England (stud contact) (1902–1921)
• Bordeaux Tramway, France (conductor rail)
• Sydney Light Rail (tramway)

DC, two-wire

• Greenwich, England. Previously used by trams when in the vicinity of Greenwich Observatory;^{[citation needed]} separate from trolleybus supply.
• Cincinnati,^{[citation needed]} Ohio, US. Tram (streetcar) system used this arrangement throughout, probably due to legal constraints on ground return currents.^{[citation needed]}
• Havana and Guanabacoa,^{[citation needed]} Cuba. Tram (streetcar) systems in both cities used this arrangement.
• Lisbon, Portugal. Elevador da Bica, Elevador da Glória and Elevador da Lavra.^{[citation needed]}

DC, power from running rails

• Gross-Lichterfelde Tramway (1881–1893), 180 V
• Ungerer Tramway (1886–1895)
• transportable railways as a ride for children

DC, four-rail

Voltage	Type	Contact system	Name of system	Location	Country	Notes
750	Guide bars	Lateral to both guide bars (one guide connected to running rail)	Paris Metro	Paris	France	Rubber-tyred lines only
		Lateral (positive) and top of running rails (negative) contact	Montreal Metro	Montreal	Canada	Rubber-tyred lines
			Mexico City Metro	Mexico City	Mexico	Rubber-tyred lines
	Third and fourth rail	Lateral (positive) and top (negative) contact	Milan Transportation System	Milan	Italy	Metro (only line 1)
630	Third and fourth rail	Top contact	London Underground	London	United Kingdom	Transport for London[46]

See also

• Amtrak's 25 Hz traction power system
• Conduit current collection
• Current collector
• Ground level power supply
• List of tram systems by gauge and electrification
• Railway electrification
• Railroad electrification in the United States
• Third rail
• Traction current pylon

Footnotes

1. BS EN 50163 (2007).
2. IEC 60850 (2007).
3. "Sóller Website". Archived from the original on 2006-04-20. Retrieved 2007-02-22.
4. Schweers+Wall (2012), p. 11.
5. Schweers+Wall (2012), p. 19.
6. "Chapter 7: Project description – operation" (PDF). Sydney Metro – Western Sydney Airport. Retrieved 2021-10-25.
7. Barrow, Keith (14 March 2014). "Cairo to order new trains for metro Line 1". International Railway Journal. Simmons-Boardman Publishing Inc. Retrieved 23 January 2015.
8. "Cairo Metro Tender for New Rolling Stock". MENA RAIL POST. MENA RAIL POST. 16 March 2014. Archived from the original on 23 January 2015. Retrieved 23 January 2015.
9. 2020-07-23T08:00:00. "AC conversion planned in Cascais line upgrade". Railway Gazette International. Retrieved 2021-07-27.
10. Vosman, Quintus (4 January 2017). "Czechs to switch to 25 kV ac electrification". International Railway Journal.
11. Michał Szymajda (17 January 2020). "Szybka linia kolejowa "Y" przez CPK ma być gotowa do 2030 roku" [High-speed 'Y' railway line through CPK should be completed by 2030]. Rynek Lotniczy (in Polish). Retrieved 5 February 2020.
12. Railway Gazette International April 2008, p 240
13. "Western Railway sets stage for AC system". Times of India. Retrieved 10 April 2018.
14. "From May 5, faster Central Railway with AC power". Times of India. Retrieved 10 April 2018.
15. "Soon, faster trains on Kalyan-LTT route". Times of India. Retrieved 10 April 2018.
16. "Central Railway plans DC/AC switch in May". Times of India. Retrieved 10 April 2018.
17. "Israel Railways awards USD 500m electrification contract to Spanish SEMI". Think Railways. Retrieved 17 January 2016.
18. "Africa's first high speed line inaugurated". Railway Gazette International. 16 November 2018. Retrieved 14 December 2018.
19. "Electrification to increase Ukraine – Poland iron ore export capacity". Railway Gazette International. 8 May 2021. In conjunction with the UZ scheme, Poland has agreed to electrify its 3 km section of the route from the border to Hrubieszów.
20. New 25kv electrification in Tunisia Railways Africa
21. Kazunga, Oliver (1 March 2018). "Electrification of NRZ rail network set for 2nd phase". The Chronicle.
22. "Espacio del Viajero: Conoce los Trenes" (in Spanish). Mexico City: Ferrocarriles Suburbanos. Retrieved 24 May 2011. Alimentación (Vcc. catenaria): 25000, 60 Hz
23. "Proyecto Tren Maya: Electrificación" (in Spanish). Mexico: Fonatur. Retrieved 24 May 2011.
24. "TXU – Monticello Line". Trainweb.org. 1999-11-02. Retrieved 2013-04-22.
25. Hilton, George W. & Due, John Fitzgerald (1960). The Electric Interurban Railways in America. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8047-4014-2. OCLC 237973. {{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)
26. Cummings, O.R. & Munger, Charles F. (August 1961). Borrup, Roger (ed.). The Shore Line Electric Railway Company: Predecessor Companies. Vol. 13. Warehouse Point, CT: Connecticut Valley Chapter of the National Railway Historical Society.
27. McGraw Electric Railway List August, 1918. Trade Investigation and Directory Department of the Electric Railway Journal. 1918.
28. McGraw-Hill 1920, p. 5.
29. Hilton, George Woodman; Due, John Fitzgerald (2000). The Electric Interurban Railways in America. Stanford University Press. p. 299. ISBN 9780804740142.
30. "Railway Technical Info – Hungary". www.chiark.greenend.org.uk. Retrieved 10 April 2018.
31. Schweers+Wall (2012), p. 66.
32. "EL2".
33. "Na odkrywce Adamów wydobyto ostatnią tonę węgla. Kopalnia zakończyła definitywnie działalność" [Last tonne of coal from Adamów pit. Mine definitely closed.]. Turek.net.pl (in Polish). 19 February 2021.
34. "ERS – Presentation, La Mure". www.railfaneurope.net. Retrieved 10 April 2018.
35. "National Register of Historic Places Registration Form" (PDF). National Park Service. Retrieved 22 September 2020.
36. Cacozza, Marco (August 2016). "Three-Phase Electrification: An Italian Story". Today's Railways Europe #248. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
37. "Southend Pier Railway".
38. Karslake, Colin. "Unofficial MailRail Website – Home". www.mailrail.co.uk. Retrieved 10 April 2018.
39. "Mail Rail".
40. "BART System Facts". San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District. Retrieved 2014-02-05.
41. "Structures, devices and rolling stock of underground (Сооружения, устройства и подвижной состав метрополитена)" (in Russian). Archived from the original on 2017-09-19. Retrieved 2017-11-30.
42. "Rules of technical operation of undergrounds of the Russian Federation (Правила технической эксплуатации метрополитенов Российской Федерации)" (PDF) (in Russian). International Metro Association. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-10-10. Retrieved 2017-11-30.
43. "Monorail" (PDF). Switzerland: Von Roll Habegger Ltd. Retrieved 15 November 2023.
44. "Sydney Monorail cars". Powerhouse Collection. 28 January 2014. 500 volts AC 3 wire /50 Hertz
45. Japan Railway & Transport 18 (PDF). p. 28. Retrieved 18 March 2021.
46. "Tube | Transport for London". Transport for London. Retrieved 2013-04-22.

References

• BS EN 50163 (2007), EN 50163: Railway applications. Supply voltages of traction systems, IET, archived from the original on 2007-02-13
• IEC 60850 (2007), IEC 60850: Railway applications – Supply voltages of traction systems (3rd ed.)
• Boddy, M.G.; Fry, E.V.; Hennigan, W.; Hoole, Ken; Mallaband, Peter; Neve, E.; Price, J.H.; Proud, P.; Yeadon, W.B. (April 1990). Fry, E.V. (ed.). Locomotives of the L.N.E.R., part 10B: Railcars and Electric Stock. Lincoln: RCTS. ISBN 0-901115-66-5.
• Dixon, Frank (1994) [1973]. The Manchester South Junction & Altrincham Railway. The Oakwood Library of Railway History (2nd ed.). Headington: Oakwood Press. ISBN 0-85361-454-7. OL34.
• McGraw Electric Railway Directory. McGraw-Hill Company. August 1920.
• Schweers+Wall (2012). Eisenbahnatlas Schweiz. Verlag Schweers + Wall GmbH. ISBN 978-3-89494-130-7. ‹See Tfd›ASIN 3894941308.
• Swain, Alec (1990). British Rail Fleet Survey 11: Overhead Line Electric Multiple-Units. Shepperton: Ian Allan. ISBN 0-7110-1902-9.

External links

• Electrification systems, track gauges and electrified track lengths in selected countries (in German)
• Map of European voltage systems
• Southern Electric, England—details of 3rd rail electrification