Castellón (Senate constituency)

For the Congress of Deputies constituency, see Castellón (Congress of Deputies constituency). For the Corts Valencianes constituency, see Castellón (Corts Valencianes constituency).

Castellón
Senate of Spain Electoral constituency
Location of Castellón within Spain
Province	Castellón
Autonomous community	Valencian Community
Population	615,849 (2024)[1]
Electorate	430,830 (2023)
Major settlements	Castellón de la Plana, Villarreal
Current constituency
Created	1977
Seats	4
Member(s)	PP (3)   PSOE (1)

Castellón is one of the 59 constituencies (Spanish: circunscripciones) represented in the Senate of Spain, the upper chamber of the Spanish parliament, the Cortes Generales. The constituency elects four senators. Its boundaries correspond to those of the Spanish province of Castellón. The electoral system uses an open list partial block voting, with electors voting for individual candidates instead of parties. Electors can vote for up to three candidates.

Electoral system

The constituency was created as per the Political Reform Act 1977 and was first contested in the 1977 general election. The Act provided for the provinces of Spain to be established as multi-member districts in the Senate of Spain,^[2] with this regulation being maintained under the Spanish Constitution of 1978.^[3] Additionally, the Constitution requires for any modification of the provincial limits to be approved under an organic law, needing an absolute majority in the Cortes Generales.^[4]

Voting is on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprises all nationals over 18 years of age and in full enjoyment of their political rights.^[5] The only exception was in 1977, when this was limited to nationals over 21 years of age and in full enjoyment of their political and civil rights.^[6][7] Amendments to the electoral law in 2011 required for Spaniards abroad to apply for voting before being permitted to vote, a system known as "begged" or expat vote (Spanish: Voto rogado),^[8][9] which was abolished in 2022.^[10] 208 seats are elected using an open list partial block voting system, with electors voting for individual candidates instead of parties. In constituencies electing four seats, electors can vote for up to three candidates; in those with two or three seats, for up to two candidates; and for one candidate in single-member districts. Each of the 47 peninsular provinces is allocated four seats, whereas for insular provinces, such as the Balearic and Canary Islands, districts are the islands themselves, with the larger—Mallorca, Gran Canaria and Tenerife—being allocated three seats each, and the smaller—Menorca, Ibiza–Formentera, Fuerteventura, La Gomera and El Hierro (which comprised a single constituency only for the 1977 election), Lanzarote and La Palma—one each. Ceuta and Melilla elect two seats each.^{[2][3][11][12]} Until 1985, the law also provided for by-elections to fill Senate seats vacated up to two years into the legislature.^[13]

The electoral law allows for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election are required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call—fifteen before 1985—whereas groupings of electors need to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they seek election—one permille of the electorate, with a compulsory minimum of 500 signatures, until 1985—disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates. Also since 2011, parties, federations or coalitions that have not obtained a mandate in either chamber of the Cortes at the preceding election are required to secure the signature of at least 0.1 percent of electors in the aforementioned constituencies.^[14][15]

Senators

Senators for Castellón 1977–
Key to parties   ALV   PSOE   UCD   PP   CP   AP
Legislature	Election	Distribution
Constituent	1977	3 1
1st	1979	1 3
2nd	1982	3 1
3rd	1986	3 1
4th	1989	3 1
5th	1993	1 3
6th	1996	1 3
7th	2000	1 3
8th	2004	1 3
9th	2008	1 3
10th	2011	1 3
11th	2015	1 3
12th	2016	1 3
13th	2019 (Apr)	3 1
14th	2019 (Nov)	2 2
15th	2023	1 3

Elections

2023 general election

Summary of the 23 July 2023 Senate of Spain election results

Candidates	Parties and coalitions		Popular vote
			Votes	%
Y Vicente Martínez Mus		PP	111,009	36.76
Y Susana Marqués Escoín		PP	109,034	36.10
Y Amparo Marco Gual		PSOE	106,717	35.34
Y Vicente Tejedo Tormo		PP	105,453	34.92
• Eva Redondo Gamero		PSOE	100,739	33.36
• Gonzalo Moliner Bellod		PSOE	93,908	31.09
• Elsa Vilalta Fonfría		Sumar	43,904	14.53
• Pedro Sancho Calduch		Vox	41,528	13.75
• Luisa Espinós Zafra		Vox	37,719	12.49
• Marta Caballero Godes		Vox	36,445	12.06
• Rafael Segarra Silvestre		Sumar	34,528	11.43
• Axel Noel Monfort Cano		Sumar	30,997	10.26
• Francisca Hernández Rodríguez		PACMA	3,886	1.28
• Jorge Tur Juan		PACMA	2,302	0.76
• Cristina Rozas Martínez		PACMA	2,284	0.75
• Ricardo Cano Gaviria		Recortes Cero	1,040	0.34
• Juan Amoros Mezquita		FE de las JONS	760	0.25
• Rosa María Lentini Chao		Recortes Cero	619	0.20
Blank ballots			5,105	1.69
Total			867977
Valid votes			301,957	97.60
Invalid votes			7,418	2.39
Votes cast / turnout			309,375	73.71
Abstentions			110,328	26.28
Registered voters			419703
Sources[16]

November 2019 general election

Summary of the 10 November 2019 Senate of Spain election results in Castellón

Candidates	Parties and coalitions		Popular vote
			Votes	%
Y Salomé Pradas Ten		PP	88,350	30.55
Y Artemi Vicent Rallo Lombarte		PSOE	87,092	30.11
Y Ana Belén Edo Gil		PSOE	85,841	29.68
Y Vicente Martínez Mus		PP	83,915	29.01
• Josep Lluis Grau Vallés		PSOE	81,811	28.29
• Inmaculada Yañez Climent		PP	73,411	25.38
• Luis Andrés Cisneros		Vox	47,806	16.53
• Carlos Monsonis Adsuara		Podemos–EUPV	34,238	11.84
• María Martínez Tortosa		Podemos–EUPV	30,202	10.44
• Francisco Porcar Rebollar		Podemos–EUPV	29,740	10.28
• Francisco José Vicent Melchor		Cs	25,036	8.66
• Maria Jesus Sanchís Gual		Cs	21,994	7.60
• Jordi Navarrete Pla		Més Compromís	20,439	7.07
• Milton Trigoso Rojas		Cs	17,817	6.16
• Empar Carceller Centelles		Més Compromís	15,658	5.41
• Carlos Javier Vidaurre Garayo		Més Compromís	15,491	5.36
• Natalia Giner Montañés		PACMA	5,115	1.77
• Ricardo Sancho Arnau		PACMA	2,958	1.02
• Agustí Romeu Sospedra		ERPV	2,840	0.98
• Lorena Velasco Andrés		PACMA	2,839	0.98
• Rosa Lentini Chao		Recortes Cero–GV	899	0.31
• Guillermo Canals Álvarez-Novoa		PUM+J	687	0.24
• Kevin Álvarez Cuesta		PCPE	674	0.23
• Juan Amorós Mezquita		FE–JONS	625	0.22
• Ricardo Cano Gaviria		Recortes Cero–GV	407	0.14
• María Asunción Peris Gómez		FE–JONS	389	0.13
• Pedro Funes García		aUna CV	268	0.09
• Luis Castellet Font		FE–JONS	165	0.06
Blank ballots			5,364	1.85
Total			289,229
Valid votes			289,229	97.64
Invalid votes			6,987	2.36
Votes cast / turnout			296,216	70.40
Abstentions			124,525	29.60
Registered voters			420,741
Sources[17]

April 2019 general election

2016 general election

2015 general election

2011 general election

2008 general election

2004 general election

2000 general election

1996 general election

1993 general election

1989 general election

1986 general election

1982 general election

1979 general election

1977 general election

References

1. "Real Decreto 1210/2024, de 28 de noviembre, por el que se declaran oficiales las cifras de población resultantes de la revisión del Padrón municipal referidas al 1 de enero de 2024". Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Retrieved 23 December 2024.
2. Law 1/1977 (1977), trans. prov. 1.
3. Const. Esp. (1978), tit. III, ch. I, art. 69.
4. Const. Esp. (1978), tit. VIII, ch. II, art. 141.
5. LOREG (1985), tit. I, ch. I, art. 2.
6. RDL 20/1977 (1977), tit. I, art. 2.
7. Carreras de Odriozola & Tafunell Sambola 2005, p. 1077.
8. LOREG (1985), tit. I, ch. VI, art. 75.
9. Reig Pellicer, Naiara (16 December 2015). "Spanish elections: Begging for the right to vote". cafebabel.co.uk. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
10. Araque Conde, Pilar (8 June 2022). "El Congreso acaba con el voto rogado: diez años de trabas burocráticas para los residentes en el extranjero". Público (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 31 July 2022.
11. RDL 20/1977 (1977), tit. II, ch. II, art. 19 & 21.
12. LOREG (1985), tit. II, ch. III, art. 162 & 165–166.
13. RDL 20/1977 (1977), tit. III, art. 29.
14. RDL 20/1977 (1977), tit. IV, art. 30–31 & 34.
15. LOREG (1985), tit. I, ch. VI, art. 44 & tit. II, ch. V, art. 169.
16. "Electoral Results Consultation. Senate. 2023". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 29 August 2023.
17. "Electoral Results Consultation. Senate. November 2019. Castellón". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 10 August 2020.

Bibliography

• Ley 1/1977, de 4 de enero, para la Reforma Política (Law 1/1977). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Vol. 4. 4 January 1977. ISSN 0212-033X. BOE-A-1977-165. Retrieved 27 December 2016.
• Real Decreto-ley 20/1977, de 18 de marzo, sobre Normas Electorales (Royal Decree-Law 20/1977). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Vol. 70. 18 March 1977. ISSN 0212-033X. BOE-A-1977-7445. Retrieved 27 December 2016.
• Constitución Española (Spanish Constitution). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Vol. 311. 29 December 1978 [latest version]. ISSN 0212-033X. BOE-A-1978-31229. Retrieved 24 December 2024.
• Ley Orgánica 5/1985, de 19 de junio, del Régimen Electoral General (Organic Law 5/1985). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Vol. 147. 19 June 1985 [latest version]. ISSN 0212-033X. BOE-A-1985-11672. Retrieved 24 December 2024.
• Carreras de Odriozola, Albert; Tafunell Sambola, Xavier (2005) [1989]. Estadísticas históricas de España, siglos XIX-XX (PDF) (in Spanish). Vol. 1 (II ed.). Bilbao: Fundación BBVA. pp. 1072–1097. ISBN 84-96515-00-1. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 September 2015.

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