Ávila (Senate constituency)

For the Congress of Deputies constituency, see Ávila (Congress of Deputies constituency). For the Cortes of Castile and León constituency, see Ávila (Cortes of Castile and León constituency).

Ávila
Senate of Spain Electoral constituency
Location of Ávila within Spain
Province	Ávila
Autonomous community	Castile and León
Population	158,989 (2024)[1]
Electorate	136,669 (2023)
Major settlements	Ávila
Current constituency
Created	1977
Seats	4
Member(s)	PP (3)   PSOE (1)

Ávila is one of the 59 constituencies (Spanish: circunscripciones) represented in the Senate, the upper chamber of the Spanish parliament, the Cortes Generales. The constituency elects four senators. Its boundaries correspond to those of the Spanish province of Ávila. The electoral system uses an open list partial block voting, with electors voting for individual candidates instead of parties. Electors can vote for up to three candidates.

Electoral system

The constituency was created as per the Political Reform Act 1977 and was first contested in the 1977 general election. The Act provided for the provinces of Spain to be established as multi-member districts in the Senate of Spain,^[2] with this regulation being maintained under the Spanish Constitution of 1978.^[3] Additionally, the Constitution requires for any modification of the provincial limits to be approved under an organic law, needing an absolute majority in the Cortes Generales.^[4]

Voting is on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprises all nationals over 18 years of age and in full enjoyment of their political rights.^[5] The only exception was in 1977, when this was limited to nationals over 21 years of age and in full enjoyment of their political and civil rights.^[6][7] Amendments to the electoral law in 2011 required for Spaniards abroad to apply for voting before being permitted to vote, a system known as "begged" or expat vote (Spanish: Voto rogado),^[8][9] which was abolished in 2022.^[10] 208 seats are elected using an open list partial block voting system, with electors voting for individual candidates instead of parties. In constituencies electing four seats, electors can vote for up to three candidates; in those with two or three seats, for up to two candidates; and for one candidate in single-member districts. Each of the 47 peninsular provinces is allocated four seats, whereas for insular provinces, such as the Balearic and Canary Islands, districts are the islands themselves, with the larger—Mallorca, Gran Canaria and Tenerife—being allocated three seats each, and the smaller—Menorca, Ibiza–Formentera, Fuerteventura, La Gomera and El Hierro (which comprised a single constituency only for the 1977 election), Lanzarote and La Palma—one each. Ceuta and Melilla elect two seats each.^{[2][3][11][12]} Until 1985, the law also provided for by-elections to fill Senate seats vacated up to two years into the legislature.^[13]

The electoral law allows for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election are required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call—fifteen before 1985—whereas groupings of electors need to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they seek election—one permille of the electorate, with a compulsory minimum of 500 signatures, until 1985—disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates. Also since 2011, parties, federations or coalitions that have not obtained a mandate in either chamber of the Cortes at the preceding election are required to secure the signature of at least 0.1 percent of electors in the aforementioned constituencies.^[14][15]

Senators

Senators for Ávila 1977–
Key to parties   PSOE   INDEP   CDS   UCD   PP   CP   AP
Legislature	Election	Distribution
Constituent	1977	1 3
1st	1979	1 3
2nd	1982	2 2
3rd	1986	3 1
4th	1989	1 3
5th	1993	1 3
6th	1996	1 3
7th	2000	1 3
8th	2004	1 3
9th	2008	1 3
10th	2011	1 3
11th	2015	1 3
12th	2016	1 3
13th	2019 (Nov)	1 3
14th	2019 (Nov)	1 3
15th	2023	1 3

Elections

2023 general election

Summary of the 23 July 2023 Senate of Spain election results

Candidates	Parties and coalitions		Popular vote
			Votes	%
Y Juan Pablo Martín Martín		PP	42,290	44.46
Y Alicia García Rodríguez		PP	41,239	43.36
Y Piedad Sánchez García		PP	40,267	42.34
Y Jesús Caro Adanero		PSOE	25,549	26.86
• María Virginia Parra Garrosa		PSOE	24,958	26.24
• Celestino Romo Suárez		PSOE	23,268	24.46
• Noelia Carretero Carmona		Vox	11,945	12.56
• Ruth Pindado González		XAV	10,788	11.34
• Carlos Salazar Moreta		Vox	10,758	11.31
• Clara Isabel Rubio Contreras		Vox	10,369	10.90
• Gregorio Arturo Varas González		XAV	8,778	9.23
• Marcos Antonio Ajates Álvarez		XAV	8,320	8.74
• Rebeca Acevedo García		Sumar	6,005	6.31
• Antonino González Canalejo		Sumar	4,230	4.44
• Dolores Navarro Hernández		Sumar	3,814	4.01
• Anaís Martín García		PACMA	660	0.69
• José María Jiménez Hernández		FE de las JONS	328	0.34
• Javier Alonso García		PCTE	255	0.26
• Sergio Álvarez Gallego		PUM+J	228	0.23
• Antonio Miguel González Tena		Recortes Cero	127	0.13
Blank ballots			1,343	1.41
Total			275,519
Valid votes			95,099	97.38
Invalid votes			2,558	2.61
Votes cast / turnout			97,657	76.37
Abstentions			30,208	23.62
Registered voters			127,865
Sources[16]

November 2019 general election

Summary of the 10 November 2019 Senate of Spain election results in Ávila

Candidates	Parties and coalitions		Popular vote
			Votes	%
Y Juan Pablo Martín Martín		PP	37,865	41.09
Y Sebastián González Vázquez		PP	34,635	37.59
Y Patricia Rodríguez Calleja		PP	33,419	36.27
Y Jesús Caro Adanero		PSOE	23,773	25.80
• María Virginia Parra Garrosa		PSOE	22,291	24.19
• Enrique Rodríguez Álvarez		PSOE	21,585	23.42
• José Manuel Lorenzo Serapio		Vox	14,969	16.24
• Laura Maíllo del Castillo García		XAV	8,621	9.36
• Juan Martitegui González		Cs	7,682	8.34
• Francisco Javier Cuerva Martín		XAV	6,885	7.47
• Amelia Samper Montes		Podemos–IU	6,467	7.02
• Jesús Ignacio Sopelana Rodríguez		Cs	6,167	6.69
• Teresa de Jesús Arangüena Rodríguez		XAV	5,834	6.33
• Francisca Polonio Pérez		Cs	5,533	6.00
• Javier Jara García		Podemos–IU	5,482	5.95
• Víctor Manuel García Muñoz		Podemos–IU	5,013	5.44
• Francisco Martín Chacón		PACMA	865	0.94
• Lorena Rubio Cabrero		PACMA	755	0.82
• Anastasio Rodríguez Martín		FE–JONS	398	0.43
• Ignacio Álvaro Benito		PUM+J	290	0.31
• Saturnino Benito Carrión		R. Cero–GV–PCAS–TC	285	0.31
• Gloria Rodríguez González		P–LIB	131	0.14
Blank ballots			1,727	1.87
Total			92,146
Valid votes			92,146	97.41
Invalid votes			2,449	2.59
Votes cast / turnout			94,595	69.19
Abstentions			42,122	30.81
Registered voters			136,717
Sources[17]

April 2019 general election

2016 general election

2015 general election

2011 general election

2008 general election

2004 general election

2000 general election

1996 general election

1993 general election

1989 general election

1986 general election

1982 general election

1979 general election

1977 general election

References

1. "Real Decreto 1210/2024, de 28 de noviembre, por el que se declaran oficiales las cifras de población resultantes de la revisión del Padrón municipal referidas al 1 de enero de 2024". Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Retrieved 23 December 2024.
2. Law 1/1977 (1977), trans. prov. 1.
3. Const. Esp. (1978), tit. III, ch. I, art. 69.
4. Const. Esp. (1978), tit. VIII, ch. II, art. 141.
5. LOREG (1985), tit. I, ch. I, art. 2.
6. RDL 20/1977 (1977), tit. I, art. 2.
7. Carreras de Odriozola & Tafunell Sambola 2005, p. 1077.
8. LOREG (1985), tit. I, ch. VI, art. 75.
9. Reig Pellicer, Naiara (16 December 2015). "Spanish elections: Begging for the right to vote". cafebabel.co.uk. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
10. Araque Conde, Pilar (8 June 2022). "El Congreso acaba con el voto rogado: diez años de trabas burocráticas para los residentes en el extranjero". Público (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 31 July 2022.
11. RDL 20/1977 (1977), tit. II, ch. II, art. 19 & 21.
12. LOREG (1985), tit. II, ch. III, art. 162 & 165–166.
13. RDL 20/1977 (1977), tit. III, art. 29.
14. RDL 20/1977 (1977), tit. IV, art. 30–31 & 34.
15. LOREG (1985), tit. I, ch. VI, art. 44 & tit. II, ch. V, art. 169.
16. "Electoral Results Consultation. Senate. 2023". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 29 August 2023.
17. "Electoral Results Consultation. Senate. November 2019. Ávila". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 9 August 2020.

Bibliography

• Ley 1/1977, de 4 de enero, para la Reforma Política (Law 1/1977). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Vol. 4. 4 January 1977. ISSN 0212-033X. BOE-A-1977-165. Retrieved 27 December 2016.
• Real Decreto-ley 20/1977, de 18 de marzo, sobre Normas Electorales (Royal Decree-Law 20/1977). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Vol. 70. 18 March 1977. ISSN 0212-033X. BOE-A-1977-7445. Retrieved 27 December 2016.
• Constitución Española (Spanish Constitution). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Vol. 311. 29 December 1978 [latest version]. ISSN 0212-033X. BOE-A-1978-31229. Retrieved 24 December 2024.
• Ley Orgánica 5/1985, de 19 de junio, del Régimen Electoral General (Organic Law 5/1985). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Vol. 147. 19 June 1985 [latest version]. ISSN 0212-033X. BOE-A-1985-11672. Retrieved 24 December 2024.
• Carreras de Odriozola, Albert; Tafunell Sambola, Xavier (2005) [1989]. Estadísticas históricas de España, siglos XIX-XX (PDF) (in Spanish). Vol. 1 (II ed.). Bilbao: Fundación BBVA. pp. 1072–1097. ISBN 84-96515-00-1. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 September 2015.

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