The 1828–29 United States House of Representatives elections were held on various dates in various states between July 9, 1828, and October 5, 1829. Each state set its own date for its elections to the House of Representatives before the first session of the 21st United States Congress convened on December 7, 1829. Elections were held for all 213 seats, representing 24 states.
They occurred while Jacksonians soundly took control of the presidency, with Andrew Jackson's victory, they greatly increased their majority in Congress. Outgoing President John Quincy Adams's unpopularity played a major role in the Jacksonian pickup, as did the perception of the Anti-Jacksonian Party as urban and elitist. Major increases in suffrage also heightened Jacksonian wins, as newly enfranchised voters tended to associate with Jacksonian principles. The Anti-Masonic Party, a single issue faction based on distrust of Freemasonry, became the first third party in American history to garner seats in the House.
Incumbent resigned September 12, 1828, having lost re-election to the next term. New member elected October 20, 1828 and seated December 8, 1828.[2] Jacksonian hold. Winner had already been elected to the next term; see below.
Incumbent died January 14, 1828. New member elected November 4, 1828 and seated December 1, 1828.[2] Anti-Jacksonian gain. Winner was not a candidate for election to the next term on the same day; see below.
Incumbent died July 23, 1828. New member elected November 4, 1828 and seated December 1, 1828.[2] Anti-Jacksonian hold. Winner was also elected to the next term; see below.
Incumbent resigned June 1, 1828, to become Governor of Kentucky. New member elected in 1828 and seated December 1, 1828.[2] Anti-Jacksonian hold. Winner was not a candidate for the next term; see below.
Incumbent resigned before December 19, 1828, to become judge to district court. New member elected December 2, 1828 and seated December 19, 1828.[2] Anti-Jacksonian hold.
Incumbent failed to accept the position within the legal time frame. New member elected October 5, 1829 and seated December 7, 1829.[3][6] Jacksonian hold.
Incumbent was elected August 13, 1829, to the term beginning March 4, 1829, but resigned from the seat without having served. New member elected December 2, 1829 and seated December 7, 1829.[2] Jacksonian hold.
Georgia returned to electing its members at-large for the 1828 election and elected its members October 6, 1828. Despite two retirements, the entire delegation remained Jacksonians.
Maine elected its members September 8, 1828. Maine required a majority vote for election, so the 5th district district election was settled on the second ballot on December 22, 1828, and the 6th district district election was settled on the sixth ballot on April 5, 1830, near the end of the next Congress.
Incumbent lost re-election. Jacksonian hold. Incumbent then resigned September 12, 1828, leading to a special election to finish the term, which was also won by the successor to the next term.
Incumbent lost re-election. Anti-Jacksonian gain. The losing incumbent later successfully contested the election but Wright never claimed the seat and resigned without serving on March 9, 1830.[19]
Vermont elected its members September 2, 1828. Vermont required a majority vote for election, so the 3rd district district election was settled on the second ballot on November 11, 1828, and the 5th district district election was settled on the eighth ballot on November 2, 1829.
^ These dates do not include a run-off ballot in Maine that ran into 1830.
^ ab Both Dubin and Martis agree that there were 72 seats held by Anti-Jacksonians (or Adams Men) at the start of the 21st Congress; further, including the later filling of vacancies, both sources agree that there were ultimately 136 districts held by Jacksonians.
^ abSilas Wright Jr. (Jacksonian) successfully contested the election of George Fisher (Anti-Jacksonian); but Wright never claimed the seat, and resigned, without serving, on March 9, 1830. See note at bottom of the New York 'Complete returns' section for further details.
