三氟化镅

三氟化镅是镅的一种氟化物，化学式 AmF₃。

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三氟化镅可以由镅(III)的水溶液和氟化物在弱酸中反应而成。

{\ce {Am^3+(aq) + 3 F^- (aq) -> AmF3 (s) v}}

它也可以由氢氧化镅(III)在 600–750 °C ，HF/O₂ 的 1:1混合气体中反应而成。^[5]

{\ce {Am(OH)3 + 3 HF -> AmF3 + 3 H2O}}

三氟化镅是一种粉红色固体，熔点 1393 °C。^[4]它是氟化镧结构的，晶格参数 a = 704.4 pm 和c = 722.5 pm。^[6] 每个镅原子都被九个氟原子包围，形成三侧锥三角柱。

金属镅可以通过三氟化镅被金属钡还原而成。^[7]^[8]

{\ce {2 AmF3 + 3 Ba -> 2 Am + 3 BaF2}}

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 L. B. Asprey, T. K. Keenan, F. H. Kruse: Crystal Structures of the Trifluorides, Trichlorides, Tribromides, and Triiodides of Americium and Curium, in: Inorg. Chem., 1965, 4 (7), S. 985–986 (doi:10.1021/ic50029a013).
^ Natalie T. Rice, Elodie Dalodière, Sara L. Adelman, Zachary R. Jones, Stosh A. Kozimor, Veronika Mocko, Harrison D. Root, Benjamin W. Stein. Oxidizing Americium(III) with Sodium Bismuthate in Acidic Aqueous Solutions. Inorganic Chemistry. 2022-08-22, 61 (33): 12948–12953 [2022-12-05]. ISSN 0020-1669. doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01596. （原始内容存档于2022-12-05）（英语）.
^ Americium(III)-fluorid bei www.webelements.com.. [2021-06-20]. （原始内容存档于2022-11-30）.
^ ^4.0 ^4.1 Holleman, Arnold Frederik; Wiberg, Egon, Wiberg, Nils , 编, Inorganic Chemistry, 由Eagleson, Mary; Brewer, William翻译, San Diego/Berlin: Academic Press/De Gruyter, 2001, ISBN 0-12-352651-5
^ Sherman Fried: The Preparation of Anhydrous Americium Compounds, in: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1951, 73 (1), S. 416–418 (doi:10.1021/ja01145a135).
^ Gmelins Handbuch der anorganischen Chemie, System Nr. 71, Transurane, Teil C, S. 102.
^ Edgar F. Westrum, Jr., LeRoy Eyring: The Preparation and Some Properties of Americium Metal, in: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1951, 73 (7), S. 3396–3398 (doi:10.1021/ja01151a116).
^ Gmelins Handbuch der anorganischen Chemie, System Nr. 71, Transurane, Teil B 1, S. 57–67.

Wolfgang H. Runde, Wallace W. Schulz: Americium （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, in: Lester R. Morss, Norman M. Edelstein, Jean Fuger (Hrsg.): The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements, Springer, Dordrecht 2006; ISBN 1-4020-3555-1, S. 1265–1395 (doi:10.1007/1-4020-3598-5_8).