Marksist doğa felsefesi

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Karl Marx

Marksist doğa felsefesi, materyalizm, ateizm ve rasyonel insan kontrolü altındaki doğa biliminin potansiyelinin desteklenmesidir.[1]

Giriş

Temel Marksist fikir, her şeyin önemli olan tek bir şeyle açıklanabileceğidir. Madde, uzay, doğa, insan, psişik bilinç, insan zekası ve varoluşun diğer her yönü için toplam açıklamadır.

Karşıtlar yasası

Marx ve Engels, ilk olarak, var olan her şeyin karşıtların bir bileşimi veya birliği olduğu gözlemiyle başladılar. Örneğin, elektrik, pozitif ve negatif bir yük ile karakterize edilir ve atomlar birleşik fakat sonuçta çelişkili kuvvetler olan proton ve elektronlardan oluşur.[2]

İnkar yasası

Olumsuzlama yasası, doğadaki her şeyin sayısal miktarını sürekli olarak artırma eğilimini açıklamak için yaratıldı. Marx ve Engels, her varlığın kendisini daha yüksek miktarda yeniden üretmek için kendini olumsuzlama eğiliminde olduğuna karar verdiler.[3]

Hayatın kökeni

Bu ilkelere dayanarak, Marksist filozoflar, yaşam olgusunun bu sıçramalardan birinin ürünü olduğuna karar verdiler. Engels, maddenin karmaşık kimyasal yapısının albüminli bir madde oluşuncaya kadar evrildiğini ve bu maddeden yaşamın ortaya çıktığını ifade etti.

Karşıt görüşler

Marksist doğa felsefesi büyük ölçüde incelendi. Diyalektik materyalizmin muhalifleri bir dizi yanlışa işaret ediyor: Zıtlıklar Yasası'nın hareketin kökenini açıklamayı amaçladığını, ancak kendi içlerinde zaten enerji olmadıkça iki çelişkili unsurun asla bir araya gelmeyeceğini belirtiyorlar.

Kaynakça

  1. ^ "THE POVERTY OF DIALECTICAL MATERIALISM". 20 Ağustos 2021 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. 
  2. ^ Marx and Engels on law and laws. 1980. ISBN 0389201200. 20 Ağustos 2021 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 20 Ağustos 2021. 
  3. ^ EARLY MODERN PHILOSOPHY (İngilizce). Sumy State University. 2012. s. 39. 20 Ağustos 2021 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 20 Ağustos 2021. 

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