Robert Hofstadter

Robert Hofstadter
Ilustracja
Państwo działania

Stany Zjednoczone

Data i miejsce urodzenia

5 lutego 1915
Nowy Jork

Data i miejsce śmierci

17 listopada 1990
Stanford

Specjalność: fizyka
Uczelnia

Uniwersytet Princeton,
Uniwersytet Stanforda

podpis
Odznaczenia
Narodowy Medal Nauki (USA)
Nagrody

Nagroda Nobla w dziedzinie fizyki

Robert Hofstadter (ur. 5 lutego 1915 w Nowym Jorku, zm. 17 listopada 1990 w Stanford[1]) – amerykański fizyk, laureat Nagrody Nobla w dziedzinie fizyki w roku 1961 za pionierskie badania rozpraszania elektronu w jądrach atomowych i dokonane na tej drodze odkrycia związane ze strukturą nukleonów[2].

Życiorys

W latach 1946–1950 pracownik Uniwersytetu w Princeton, następnie w latach 1950–1985 pracował w Uniwersytecie w Stanford. Od 1958 roku członek Narodowej Akademii Nauk w Waszyngtonie. Jego prace dotyczyły fizyki jądrowej. W 1948 roku skonstruował licznik scyntylacyjny do rejestracji promieniowania gamma, a następnie wiele liczników do rejestracji neutronów i promieniowania X. Badał rozproszenie elektronów o energii ok. 900 MeV na jądrach atomowych. Uzyskał w ten sposób ważne dane o strukturze wewnętrznej nukleonów, za co w 1961 roku otrzymał Nagrodę Nobla (niezależnie od Rudolfa Mößbauera)[2].

Urodził się w żydowskiej rodzinie[3]; syn polskich emigrantów[4].

Ojciec Douglasa Hofstadtera, zdobywcy Nagrody Pulitzera w kategorii literatury faktu.

Przypisy

  1. Hofstadter Robert, [w:] Encyklopedia PWN [online], Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN [dostęp 2023-03-31].
  2. a b Robert Hofstadter – Facts. [w:] The Nobel Prize in Physics 1961 > Robert Hofstadter, Rudolf Mössbauer [on-line]. Nobel Media AB. [dostęp 2014-02-17]. (ang.)., Biographical, Nobel Lecture, December 11, 1961, The Electron-Scattering Method and Its Application to the Structure of Nuclei and Nucleons
  3. Dr. Robert Hofstadter, U.S. Jewish Scientist, Wins 1961 Nobel Prize [online], Jewish Telegraphic Agency [dostęp 2022-09-10] (ang.).
  4. Hofstadter (Robert) Papers [online], www.oac.cdlib.org [dostęp 2022-09-10].

Bibliografia

  • Nagrody Nobla. Leksykon PWN, Beata Tarnowska (red.), Warszawa: Wydaw. Naukowe PWN, 2001, ISBN 83-01-13393-7, OCLC 830213964.

Linki zewnętrzne

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