List of longest-reigning monarchs
Monarchs and lifelong leaders who have reigned the longest in world history
Louis XIV , the longest-reigning sovereign monarch whose reign is verifiable by exact date
This is a list of the longest-reigning monarchs of all time, detailing the monarchs and lifelong leaders who have reigned the longest in world history, ranked by length of reign.
Monarchs of sovereign states with verifiable reigns by exact date
The following are the 25 longest-reigning monarchs of states who were internationally recognised as sovereign for most or all of their reign. Byzantine emperors Constantine VIII and Basil II , reigning for 66 years in total (962–1028) and for 65 years in total (960–1025) respectively, are not included, because for part of those periods they reigned only nominally as junior co-emperors alongside senior emperors.
Regencies are not counted against monarchs, hence King Louis XIV of France being listed first among the monarchs of sovereign states despite his mother Anne of Austria being his regent for 8 years. A distinction is not made between absolute and constitutional monarchs, hence Elizabeth II being listed second despite being a figurehead her entire reign.
The current living longest-reigning monarch, Hassanal Bolkiah , is not included on the list because Brunei did not gain its independence from the United Kingdom until 1984. Bolkiah will become eligible for inclusion in 2040 after he surpasses Conrad I 's independent rule of 56 years, 99 days.
No.
Portrait
Name
State
Reign
Duration
Ref.
From
To
(days)
(years, days)
1
Louis XIV
14 May 1643
1 September 1715
26,407
72 years, 110 days
[1]
2
Elizabeth II
[a]
6 February 1952
8 September 2022
25,782
70 years, 214 days[b]
[2] [3] [4]
3
Rama IX (Bhumibol Adulyadej)
Thailand
9 June 1946
13 October 2016
25,694
70 years, 126 days
[5]
4
Johann II
Liechtenstein
12 November 1858
11 February 1929
25,658
70 years, 91 days
[6]
5
Kʼinich Janaabʼ Pakal I
Palenque (Mexico )
27 July 615 [c]
29 August 683
24,870
68 years, 33 days
[7] [9]
6
Franz Joseph I
2 December 1848
21 November 1916
24,825
67 years, 355 days
[10]
7
Chan Imix Kʼawiil
Copán (Honduras )
5 February 628 [d]
15 June 695
24,602
67 years, 130 days
[13] [14]
8
Ferdinand III
6 October 1759
4 January 1825
23,831
65 years, 90 days
[15]
9
Victoria
United Kingdom
20 June 1837
22 January 1901
23,226
63 years, 216 days
[16]
10
James I
Crown of Aragon
12 September 1213
27 July 1276
22,964
62 years, 319 days
[17]
11
Emperor Shōwa [e] (Hirohito)
Empire of Japan (1926–1947) Japan (1947–1989)
25 December 1926
7 January 1989
22,659
62 years, 13 days
[18]
12
Kangxi Emperor [f]
Qing dynasty (China )
5 February 1661
20 December 1722
22,597
61 years, 318 days
[19]
13
Honoré III
Monaco
29 December 1731
13 January 1793
22,296
61 years, 15 days
[20] [21]
14
Itzamnaaj Bahlam III [g]
Yaxchilan (Mexico)
20 October 681 [h]
15 June 742
22,153
60 years, 238 days
[11]
15
Kʼakʼ Tiliw Chan Yopaat
Quiriguá (Guatemala )
29 December 724 [i]
27 July 785
22,125
60 years, 210 days
[22] [23]
16
Qianlong Emperor [j]
Qing dynasty (China)
18 October 1735
9 February 1796 [k]
22,029
60 years, 114 days
[24]
17
Christian IV
Denmark–Norway
4 April 1588
28 February 1648
21,879
59 years, 330 days
[25]
18
George III
25 October 1760
29 January 1820
21,644
59 years, 96 days
[26]
19
Louis XV
1 September 1715
10 May 1774
21,436
58 years, 251 days
[27]
20
Pedro II
Brazil
7 April 1831
15 November 1889
21,407
58 years, 222 days
[28]
21
Al-Mustansir Billah
Fatimid Caliphate (Egypt )
13 June 1036 [m]
29 December 1094
21,383
58 years, 199 days
[29] [30]
22
Nicholas I
13 August 1860
26 November 1918
21,288
58 years, 105 days
[33]
23
Wilhelmina
Netherlands
23 November 1890
4 September 1948
21,104
57 years, 286 days
[34]
24
James VI
Scotland [n]
24 July 1567
27 March 1625
21,066
57 years, 246 days
[35]
25
Conrad I
Burgundy
12 July 937 [o]
19 October 993
20,553
56 years, 99 days
[36]
Monarchs of dependent or constituent states with verifiable reigns by exact date
The table below contains 100 monarchs of states that were not independent sovereigns for at least a portion of their reigns.
Sobhuza II , the longest-reigning monarch ever whose reign is verifiable by exact date
No.
Portrait
Name
State
Reign
Duration
Ref.
From
To
(days)
(years, days)
1
Sobhuza II [p]
Swaziland (British protectorate until 1968)
10 December 1899
21 August 1982
30,204
82 years, 254 days
[38]
2
Bernhard VII
Lippe (Holy Roman Empire )
11 August 1429
2 April 1511
29,819
81 years, 234 days
[39]
3
Udai Pratap Nath Shah Deo
Chotanagpur (British Raj )
9 July 1869
21 September 1950
29,658
81 years, 74 days
[40]
4
William IV
Henneberg-Schleusingen (Holy Roman Empire)
26 May 1480
24 January 1559
28,732
78 years, 243 days
[39]
5
Karansinhji II Vajirajji
Lakhtar State [q]
15 June 1846
8 August 1924
28,543
78 years, 54 days
[41]
6
Maeda Tsunanori
Kaga Domain (Japan )
30 April 1645
6 May 1723
28,494
78 years, 6 days
[42]
7
Heinrich XI [r]
Reuss-Obergreiz (Holy Roman Empire)
17 March 1723
28 June 1800
28,227
77 years, 103 days
[43] [44] [39]
8
Idrus ibni Muhammad Al-Qadri [ms ]
Tampin (Negeri Sembilan , Malaysia ) (part of British Malaya until 1957)
31 May 1929
26 December 2005
27,968
76 years, 209 days
[39]
9
Christian August
Palatinate-Sulzbach (Holy Roman Empire)
14 August 1632
23 April 1708
27,635
75 years, 243 days
[39]
10
Bishan Chandra Jenamuni
Rairakhol State [q]
13 March 1825
10 June 1900
27,482
75 years, 89 days
[45]
11
Charles I
Eu (France )
16 June 1397
25 July 1472
27,433
75 years, 39 days
[46]
12
Mudhoji IV Rao Naik Nimbalkar [d ]
Phaltan State [q]
7 December 1841
17 October 1916
27,342
74 years, 315 days
[39]
13
Bhagvatsingh Sahib
Gondal State (British Raj)
14 December 1869
10 March 1944
27,114
74 years, 87 days
[39]
14
George William
Schaumburg-Lippe [s] [t]
13 February 1787
21 November 1860
26,944
73 years, 282 days
[39]
15
Charles Frederick
Baden (Holy Roman Empire until 1806)
12 May 1738
10 June 1811
26,691
73 years, 29 days
[39]
16
John III Louis
Nassau-Saarbrücken (Holy Roman Empire)
19 October 1472
4 June 1545
26,526
72 years, 228 days[u]
[47]
17
Itō Nagatomo [ja ]
Okada Domain (Japan)
17 July 1778
19 July 1850
26,299
72 years, 2 days
[48]
18
Henry Frederick
Hohenlohe-Langenburg (Holy Roman Empire)
29 January 1628
2 June 1699
26,057
71 years, 124 days
[49]
19
Jagatjit Singh
Kapurthala State (British Raj)
3 September 1877
20 August 1948
25,918
70 years, 352 days[v]
[51]
20
Parashuramrao Shrinivas
Aundh State (British India )
30 August 1777
11 June 1848
25,852
70 years, 286 days
[52]
21
Henryk IX Starszy
Żagań -Głogów (Holy Roman Empire)
14 March 1397
11 November 1467
25,809
70 years, 242 days
[53]
22
Werner von Salm-Reifferscheidt [bg ]
Salm-Reifferscheid-Dyck (Holy Roman Empire)
31 October 1559
16 December 1629
25,614
70 years, 46 days
[54]
23
Carl I August
Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach [w]
28 May 1758
14 June 1828
25,584
70 years, 17 days
[55]
24
George I
Anhalt-Dessau (Holy Roman Empire)
19 January 1405
21 September 1474
25,447
69 years, 245 days
[56]
25
Alberico I
Massa and Carrara (Holy Roman Empire)
15 June 1553
18 January 1623
25,409
69 years, 207 days
[57]
26
Heinrich Joseph Johann
Principality of Auersperg (Holy Roman Empire)
6 November 1713
9 February 1783
25,297
69 years, 95 days
[58]
27
Frederick III
Inner Austria (Holy Roman Empire)
10 June 1424
19 August 1493
25,272
69 years, 70 days
[59] [60]
28
George William
Palatinate-Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld (Holy Roman Empire)
16 December 1600
25 December 1669
25,211
69 years, 9 days
[61]
29
Godefroy Maurice de La Tour d'Auvergne
Duchy of Bouillon (Holy Roman Empire, later France )
9 August 1652
26 July 1721
25,187
68 years, 351 days
[62]
30
Frederick V
Hesse-Homburg [x]
7 February 1751
20 January 1820
25,183
68 years, 347 days
[63]
31
Vikramatji Khimojiraj
Porbandar State [q]
20 June 1831
21 April 1900
25,142
68 years, 305 days
[64]
32
Krishnaraja Wodeyar III
Kingdom of Mysore (Princely State of East India Company after 1831; British Raj after 1857)
30 June 1799
27 March 1868
25,107
68 years, 271 days
[65]
33
Chintamanrao Appasaheb Patwardhan [d ]
Sangli State (British India)
6 November 1782
15 July 1851
25,087
68 years, 251 days
[66]
34
Johann Friedrich [de ]
Castell-Rüdenhausen (Holy Roman Empire)
10 January 1681
23 June 1749
25,000
68 years, 164 days
[67]
35
Otto VI the One-Eyed
Brunswick-Göttingen (Holy Roman Empire)
13 November 1394
6 February 1463
24,922
68 years, 85 days
[68]
36
Sawant Singh
Pratapgarh State (British India)
26 October 1775
5 January 1844
24,907
68 years, 71 days
[69]
37
Christian Karl Reinhard
Leiningen-Dagsburg-Falkenburg (Holy Roman Empire)
3 November 1698
17 November 1766
24,850
68 years, 14 days
[70]
38
Raja Ram Singh
Bundi State [q]
14 May 1821
28 March 1889
24,790
67 years, 318 days
[71]
39
Malietoa Tanumafili II
Samoa
5 July 1939
11 May 2007
24,782
67 years, 310 days
[72] [73]
40
Vakhatsinhji Meghrajji
Vallabhipura State (British Raj)
20 August 1875
5 June 1943
24,760
67 years, 289 days
[74]
41
Bernard
Strzelce , Niemodlin , and South Poland (Holy Roman Empire)
21 October 1382
31 July 1450
24,755
67 years, 283 days
[75]
42
Philip I [y]
Lippe-Alverdissen (1613-1640) Schaumburg-Lippe (1640-1681) (Holy Roman Empire)
7 December 1613
10 April 1681
24,596
67 years, 124 days
[76] [77]
43
Henry III
Margraviate of Meissen (Holy Roman Empire)
18 February 1221
15 February 1288
24,468
66 years, 362 days
[78] [79]
44
Eleanor [z]
Aquitaine (France)
9 April 1137
1 April 1204
24,464
66 years, 358 days
[80]
45
Sulaiman Sharif ul-'Alam Shah
Sultanate of Serdang (part of Dutch East Indies until 1945 and part of Indonesia since 1945)
20 December 1879
13 October 1946
24,403
66 years, 297 days
[81]
46
Augustus
Anhalt-Plötzkau (Holy Roman Empire)
6 December 1586
22 August 1653
24,366
66 years, 259 days
[82]
47
Amarsinhji Banesinhji [aa]
Wankaner State (British Raj)
12 June 1881
15 February 1948
24,353
66 years, 248 days
[83]
48
Khengarji III
Cutch (British Raj)
19 December 1875
15 January 1942
24,133
66 years, 27 days
[84]
49
William IV the Victorious
Brunswick-Luneburg (Holy Roman Empire)
14 October 1416
25 July 1482
24,025
65 years, 284 days
[85]
50
Leopold III
Anhalt-Dessau (Holy Roman Empire)
16 December 1751
9 August 1817
23,977
65 years, 236 days
[86] [87]
51
Makino Tadakiyo
Nagaoka Domain (Japan)
5 August 1766
17 August 1831
23,752
65 years, 12 days
[88]
52
Obizzo I d'Este [it ; fr ]
Este and Ferrara (Holy Roman Empire)
15 December 1128
25 December 1193
23,751
65 years, 10 days
[89]
53
Jean I
Duchy of Brittany (France)
21 October 1221
8 October 1286
23,728
64 years, 352 days
54
Frederick William
Hohenzollern-Hechingen (Holy Roman Empire)
13 January 1671
14 November 1735
23,680
64 years, 305 days
55
Johann Seyfried von Eggenberg [bg ; it ; cs ]
Eggenberg (Holy Roman Empire)
5 February 1649
5 November 1713
23,648
64 years, 273 days
[90]
56
Gangadhar Rao III Bala Sahib Patwardhan
Miraj Senior (British Raj)
November 1874
23 June 1939
23,580 to 23,609
64 years, 205 days to 64 years, 234 days
[91]
57
Marie II
County of Soissons (France)
25 October 1482
1 April 1547
23,534
64 years, 158 days
[92]
58
Vishwanath Singh Bahadur
Chhatarpur State (British Raj)
4 November 1867
4 April 1932
23,527
64 years, 152 days
[93]
59
Friedrich II Magnus
Salm-Neuweiler (Holy Roman Empire)
26 October 1608
25 January 1673
23,467
64 years, 91 days
60
Ibrahim
Johor , Malaysia (part of British Malaya until 1957)
4 June 1895
8 May 1959
23,348
63 years, 338 days
61
Raja Rampalji Bahadur
Kutlehar State (British Raj)
15 January 1864
22 November 1927
23,321
63 years, 311 days
[94] [95]
62
Sayajirao Gaekwad III
Baroda State (British Raj)
27 May 1875
6 February 1939
23,265
63 years, 256 days
63
Albert Anton
Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt (Holy Roman Empire)
4 November 1646
24 June 1710
23,242
63 years, 232 days
65
Anthony Günther
Duchy of Oldenburg (Holy Roman Empire)
12 November 1603
19 June 1667
23,230
63 years, 219 days
66
Udai Chand
Beja [q]
30 December 1841
20 June 1905
23,182
63 years, 172 days
67
Frederick Augustus I [ab]
Saxony [ac]
17 December 1763
5 May 1827
23,149
63 years, 139 days
68
Ludwig I
Principality of Anhalt (Holy Roman Empire)
6 December 1586
7 January 1650
23,043
63 years, 32 days
[96]
69
Isa bin Ali Al Khalifa
Bahrain [ad]
1 December 1869
9 December 1932 [ae]
23,018
63 years, 8 days
70
Charles III
Upper Lorraine (Holy Roman Empire)
12 June 1545
14 May 1608
22,972
62 years, 327 days
71
Johann Friedrich II
Hohenlohe -Neuenstein -Öhringen (Holy Roman Empire)
17 October 1702
24 August 1765
22,957
62 years, 311 days
72
Philipp Ernst
Hohenlohe-Waldenburg -Schillingsfürst (Holy Roman Empire)
21 February 1697
29 November 1759
22,925
62 years, 281 days
73
Bernhard II
Saxe-Meiningen [af]
24 December 1803
20 September 1866
22,916
62 years, 270 days
74
Philip II
Nassau-Weilburg (Holy Roman Empire)
2 July 1429
19 March 1492
22,906
62 years, 261 days[ag]
75
Nicolas Leopold I [de ]
Salm-Hoogstraat (Holy Roman Empire)
6 June 1707
4 February 1770
22,889
62 years, 243 days
76
Christian II [ah]
Palatinate-Birkenfeld-Bischweiler (Holy Roman Empire)
6 September 1654
26 April 1717
22,877
62 years, 232 days
77
Léopold Philippe
Arenberg (Holy Roman Empire)
19 August 1691
4 March 1754
22,842
62 years, 197 days
78
Hafiz Muhammad Ibrahim Ali Khan Bahadur
Tonk State (British Raj)
20 December 1867
23 June 1930
22,830
62 years, 185 days
79
Saqr bin Mohammed Al Qasimi
Ras Al Khaimah (United Arab Emirates)
17 July 1948
27 October 2010
22,747
62 years, 102 days
80
Hosokawa Tsunatoshi [ja ]
Kumamoto Domain (Japan)
18 April 1650
11 July 1712
22,729
62 years, 84 days
81
Nahar Singh
Shahpura State (British Raj)
21 April 1870
24 June 1932
22,709
62 years, 64 days
82
Gopal Lal
Kamta-Rajaula State [q]
29 November 1812
23 October 1874
22,608
61 years, 328 days
[97]
83
Johann Christian I
Eggenberg (Holy Roman Empire)
5 February 1649
14 December 1710
22,591
61 years, 312 days
[citation needed ]
84
Tuanku Abdul Hamid Halim Shah
Kedah Kedah Sultanate (British Malaya)
22 September 1881
13 May 1943
22,512
61 years, 233 days
85
Philipp IV
Waldeck-Wildungen (Holy Roman Empire)
28 May 1513
30 November 1574
22,466
61 years, 186 days
86
Wakhat Singh Dalil Singh
Lunavada State (British Raj)
31 October 1867
27 April 1929
22,458
61 years, 178 days
87
Paku Alam VIII
Pakualaman (part of Dutch East Indies until 1945 and part of Indonesia since 1945)
12 April 1937
11 September 1998
22,432
61 years, 152 days
88
Victor Amadeus
Anhalt-Bernburg (Holy Roman Empire)
22 September 1656
14 February 1718
22,414
61 years, 135 days
89
Kamei Koremasa
Tsuwano Domain (Japan)
22 September 1619
6 February 1681
22,418
61 years, 137 days
90
Lakshman Singh, Maharawal of Banswara
Banswara State [q]
2 February 1844
29 April 1905
22,366
61 years, 86 days
[citation needed ]
91
Ulrich V
Württemberg-Stuttgart (Holy Roman Empire)
2 July 1419
1 September 1480
22,342
61 years, 61 days[ai]
92
Ranbir Singh
Jind State (British Raj)
7 March 1887
31 March 1948
22,304
61 years, 24 days[aj]
[citation needed ]
93
Ernest Louis
Hesse-Darmstadt (Holy Roman Empire)
31 August 1678
12 September 1739
22,291
61 years, 12 days
94
Johann Friedrich I [de ; bg ]
Hohenlohe-Neuenstein-Öhringen (Holy Roman Empire)
11 October 1641
17 October 1702
22,285
61 years, 6 days
95
Wilhelm Moritz II
Isenburg-Philippseich (Holy Roman Empire)
8 March 1711
7 March 1772
22,280
60 years, 365 days
96
Christian Ernest
Stolberg-Wernigerode (Holy Roman Empire)
27 August 1710
25 October 1771
22,339
61 years, 59 days
97
Adolf III
Schauenburg and Holstein (Holy Roman Empire)
6 July 1164
3 January 1225
22,096
60 years, 181 days
98
Leopold Louis
Palatinate-Veldenz (Holy Roman Empire)
3 June 1634
29 September 1694
22,033
60 years, 118 days
99
Friedrich Günther
Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt [ak]
28 April 1807
28 June 1867
21,976
60 years, 61 days
[98]
100
Johann Jakob I
Waldburg-Zeil (Holy Roman Empire)
4 May 1614 [al]
18 April 1674
21,899
59 years, 349 days
Monarchs whose exact dates of rule are unknown
These monarchs are grouped according to length of reign by year in whole numbers. Within each year-grouping, they appear in historical order. In a given year, there may have been a wide array of actual reign lengths based on days. Thus, this table does not present a precise ranking by length of reign. The list is limited to those that might reasonably be expected to lie within the range of those in the tables above, at minimum 56 years. The list is sorted alphabetically. Emphasised states were sovereign. Japanese legendary emperors , according to the ancient Japanese calendar , reigned for very long terms of 60–70 years each. The longest ruler of the legendary emperors, Emperor Kōan , was claimed to have reigned for about 101 years. These figures are not included in the table because they are regarded as inaccurate by modern scholars. For those, see Longevity myths . Rulers with both independent and dependent rules are combined.
Portrait
Name
Country
Reign
Duration
(approx. years)
Ref.
from
to
Min Hti [99]
Launggyet Dynasty of Arakan (Myanmar )
1279
1374
95 years
[99]
Pepi II Neferkare [am]
Egypt (Old Kingdom )
2278 BC
2184 BC (disputed)
94 years (disputed)
Taejo [an]
Goguryeo (Korea )
53
146 [ao] (disputed)
93 years (disputed)
[101]
Nintoku [ap]
Japan (Kofun period )
313 (disputed)
399 (disputed)
86 years (disputed)
[102]
Abd al-Muttalib
Quraysh (Mecca , Saudi Arabia )
497
578
81 years
[103]
Ermanaric [aq]
Oium (Ukraine )
296 (disputed)
376
80 years (disputed)
[104]
Hanayos
Hariphunchai (Thailand )
669 (disputed) [ar]
749
[105]
Raja Sawai Basavalinga I Rajendra Udaiyar
Sundem (Portuguese India )
1763
15 May 1843
80 years
[106]
Trần Minh Công
Trần Lãm (Vietnam )
888 (disputed) [as]
967
79 years (disputed)
[107]
An Dương Vương
Âu Lạc (Vietnam)
257 BC (disputed)
179 BC (disputed)
78 years (disputed)
[108]
Jangsu
Goguryeo (Korea)
413
491
78 years
[101]
Ram Singh I
Ramgarh Raj (India)
1459
1537
[109]
Abu'l-Jaysh Ishaq ibn Ibrahim
Ziyadid dynasty (Yemen )
904
981
77 years
[110]
Azmat Tallah Khan
Rajouri (British India from 1712)
1683
12 November 1760
[111]
Mirian III
Kingdom of Iberia (Georgia )
284
361
[112]
Raisingh Deo
Patna (British India from 1712)
1685
1762
[113]
Mulla Ismail
Dir (Pakistan , British India from 1712)
1676
1752
76 years
[114]
Mohan Singh
Rajgarh (India)
1638
14 April 1714
Otto I [at]
Baden-Hachberg-Sausenberg (Holy Roman Empire )
1308
1384
Jadunath Singh Mangaraj
Khandpara (India)
1599
1675
[115]
Johann Philipp
Stadion (Holy Roman Empire)
1666
1741
Aji Raja Mahkota Mulia Alam [id ]
Kutai Kartanegara (Indonesia )
1525
1600
75 years
Raja Abhiram Singh
Saraikela (British India)
1743
1818
Sauromaces I
Kingdom of Iberia (Georgia )
234 BC
159 BC
[117]
Sukhachain
Jind (British India from 1712)
1676
1751
Tai Wu
Shang dynasty (China )
1486 BC (disputed)
1411 BC (disputed)
Vakhtang I Gorgasali
Kingdom of Iberia (Georgia)
447
522
Uthiyan Cheralathan
Chera dynasty (India)
55
130
[118]
Wilhelm I
Sayn-Wittgenstein (Holy Roman Empire)
1494
18 April 1568
74 years
Yo-Tha
Hariphunchai (Thailand )
1197
1271
[118]
Afonso I Henriques
County of Portugal (1112–1139) Kingdom of Portugal (1139-1185)
1112 [au]
6 December 1185
73 years
[119] [120]
Fazl Ali Khan II Bahadur
Banganapalle (Pakistan, British India from 1712)
1686
1759
Gangesvara Anantvarman Chodaganga Deva
Eastern Ganga (India)
1077
1150
[121]
Tezozomoc
Azcapotzalco (Mexico )
1353 (disputed)
1426
[122]
Grigor II
Syunik (Armenia )
1094
1166
72 years
Raja Sang Tawal (Abdullah)
Kelantan (Malaysia)
1267
1339
[123]
Arwa al-Sulayhi
Sulayhid Sultanate (Yemen)
1067
5 May 1138
71 years
[124]
Heinrich VIII
Fürstenberg-Wolfach (Holy Roman Empire)
Late 1419
30 November 1490
Poppo IX
Henneberg-Aschach (Holy Roman Empire)
1292
1363
Simon I
County of Lippe (Holy Roman Empire)
1273
10 August 1344
John III [de ]
Aarberg (Holy Roman Empire)
1327
1397
70 years
John Ulrich
Stadion (Holy Roman Empire)
1530
1600
Rawat Kandhalji
Begun (India)
1443
1513
Muhtarram Shah Kator I
Chitral (Pakistan)
1585
1655
Niandfo the Great
Oubritenga (Nigeria )
1441
1511
[125]
Pandukabhaya of Anuradhapura
Kingdom of Anuradhapura (Sri Lanka )
437 BC
367 BC
[126]
Shapur II [av]
Sasanian Empire (Iran )
309
379
Tshudpud Namgyal
Kingdom of Sikkim [aw]
1793
1863
Jai Chandra Katoch
Lambagraon-Kangra (British Raj )
1864
1933
69 years
Gerlach IV
Isenburg-Grenzau (1220-1258)Isenburg-Limburg (1258-1289) (Holy Roman Empire)
1220
1289
[127]
Henry VI
County of Gorizia (Holy Roman Empire)
6 May 1385
1454
Huan
State of Qi (China)
636 BC
567 BC
[128]
Sultan Deria Hassan
Isaaq Sultanate (British Somaliland from 1884)
1870
1939
[129]
Alberto Azzo II
Margraviate of Milan and Este (Holy Roman Empire)
1029
20 August 1097
68 years
Bhagirathi Birabara Harichandan
Talcher State (British India)
1778
1846
Debi Singh
Chanderi (British India from 1712)
1646
1714
Ernest II
Oettingen-Wallerstein (Holy Roman Empire)
1602
1670
Muhammad Jiwa Zainal Adilin II
Kedah Sultanate (Malaysia)
1710
1778
[130]
Hkun Ti
Mongpawn (Myanmar)
1860
1928
King Obunumankoma
Bono-Tekyiman (Ghana )
1363
1431
Louis II
Stadion (Holy Roman Empire)
1260
1328
Malojirao III
Mudhol State (British India)
1737
1805
Sizzo II
County of Schwarzburg (Holy Roman Empire)
1050
1118
Eberhard II
Arenberg (Holy Roman Empire)
1387
1454
67 years
Gopal Singha Dev II
Mallabhum State [q]
1809
1876
Osman Mahamuud / Uthman III ibn Mahmud
Majeerteen Sultanate (Italian Somaliland from 1889)
1860
30 September 1927
Rawal Kehar Singh II
Jaisalmer State (India)
1335
1402
Johann III
Sponheim-Starkenburg (Holy Roman Empire)
1324
1398
Man Singh, Raja of Jhabua
Jhabua State (India)
1610
1677
Robert I [ax]
Duchy of Bar (Holy Roman Empire)
1344
12 April 1411
Lạng Chượng
Ngưu Hống (Vietnam)
1000
1067
Sultan Abdul Kadir Moh Aidid
Sultanate of Gowa (Indonesia )
1826
30 January 1893
Sultan Mahmud Shah II
Perak (Malaysia)
1653
1720
Eberhard I
Katzenelnbogen Junior (Holy Roman Empire)
1245
1311
66 years
Henry II
Isenburg-Grenzau (Holy Roman Empire)
1220
1286
Narayana Rautara
Chikiti -Eastern Ganga (India)
Early 1464
Mid 1530
Ramesses II
Egypt (New Kingdom )
31 May 1279 BC [132]
Late July or Early August 1213 BC
Togbi Amedor Kpegla I
Anlo Ewe (Ghana)
1840
14 March 1906
Zhao Tuo [ay]
Nanyue
203 BC
137 BC
Aji Raja Mahkota Mulia Alam [id ]
Kutai Kartanegara (Indonesia)
1545
1610
65 years
Catherine De' Medici
Auvergne (France)
1524 [az]
5 January 1589
Dayang Kalangitan
Pasig (Metro Manila, Philippines )
1450
1515
Haydar Mohammad Khan Bahadur
Pathari State [q]
1794
29 December 1859
Matilda I
Nevers (France)
1192
1257
Raja Miyan Syed Nuruddin Ali
Tarakote Raj [q]
1804
21 January 1869
Raja Raj Ram Singh I
Sitamau State [q]
1802
1867
Nandivarman II
Pallava Empire (India)
731
796
Pharnavaz I
Kingdom of Iberia (Georgia)
299 BC
234 BC
Sagramji I Kumbhoji
Gondal State (British India from 1712)
1648
1713
Raja Ashoka Challa
Khasa-Malla (India)
1222
1287
Albert V
Anhalt-Dessau (Holy Roman Empire)
19 January 1405
1469
64 years
Amoghavarsha
Rashtrakuta Empire (India)
814
878
Harisingh Vidyadhara
Dhenkanal State (India)
1530
1594
Henry VI
Henneberg-Aschach-Römhild (Holy Roman Empire)
1292
1356
Friedrich IV
County of Castell (Holy Roman Empire)
1285
1349
Inere
Ughelli (Nigeria)
1460
1524
Khuman III
Udaipur State (India)
878
942
Zhao
Song State (China)
468 BC
404 BC
Zhuang I
State of Qi (China)
794 BC
730 BC
Bagauda /Yakano
Kingdom of Kano (Nigeria)
998/999
1063/1064
63 years
[ba]
Andrew I
Vitré (France)
1072
1135
Fahrettin Behramşah
Mengüjek (Turkey )
1162
1225
Frederick I
Zollern (Holy Roman Empire)
1062
1124
Ganapati Deva
Kakatiya Dynasty (India)
1199
1262
Hamirji
Kutch (India)
1472
1535
[137]
Maharana Bhimdev Harisinhji Sahib
Kingdom of Rajpipla (India)
1463
1526
Ngawang Tashi Drakpa
Phagmodrupa dynasty of Tibet (China)
1499 , 1554
1556 , 1564
Mahmud III
Mali Empire
1496
1559
Naba Zombré
Wogodogo (Nigeria)
1681
1744
Philip
Isenburg-Büdingen-Birstein (Holy Roman Empire)
1533
1596
Pradip Shah
Garhwal Kingdom ( British India from 1712)
1709
28 December 1772
Raimund II
Principality of Orange (Holy Roman Empire)
1319
1382
Rawat Sawai Megh Singh II
Begun (British India)
1740
1804
Rudolf I
Bregenz -Chur -Lower Raetia (Holy Roman Empire)
1097
1160
Sheikh Sultan bin Saqr Al Qasimi
Sharjah and Ras Al Khaimah (United Arab Emirates )
1803
10 September 1866
Sripurusha
Western Ganga (India)
725
788
Jayavarman VIII
Khmer Empire (Cambodia)
1232
1295
Johann Gerhard
Manderscheid-Gerolstein-Bettingen (Holy Roman Empire)
1648
1711
Vijaya Sena
Sena dynasty (India)
1096
1159
Abdul Jalilul Akbar
Brunei
1597
1659
62 years
Bhola Bhima II
Gurjaradesa (India)
1178
1240
Charles
Sayn-Wittgenstein-Sayn-Altenkirchen (Holy Roman Empire)
1741
1803
Georg II
Montfort-Pfannberg (Holy Roman Empire)
1482
1544
Henry I
Isenburg-Grenzau (Holy Roman Empire)
1158
1220
Joseph Wilhelm Ernst [bb]
Fürstenberg-Fürstenberg (Holy Roman Empire)
1700
1762
Kaloji I Panchanji
Dhrol (India)
1644
1706
King Oldman
Miskito Nation (Nicaragua and Honduras )
1625
1687
Madhaba Rautara
Chikiti -Eastern Ganga (India)
997
1059
Oubri
Oubritenga (Nigeria)
1182
1244
Phạm Phòng Át
Phạm Bạch Hổ (Vietnam)
910
972
Prithvi Shah
Garhwal Kingdom (India)
1552
9 January 1614
Askia Hanga the Great
Dendi State (Niger )
1700
1761
61 years
Bhavsinhji I Ratanji
Bhavnagar State (British India from 1712)
1703
1764
Chera Udaya Martanda Varma
Venadu Chera (India)
1383
1444
Cleomenes II
Sparta (Greece )
370 BC
309 BC
Donnchadh MacMurrough Kavanagh
Laighin (Ireland )
1417
1478
Francis William
Salm-Reifferscheid-Bedbur (Holy Roman Empire)
1673
1734
Hyeokgeose Geoseogan
Silla (Korea)
57 BC
4
Leon II
Abasgia (767-778), Abkhazia (778-828)
767
828
Moritz Kasimir I
Bentheim-Tecklenburg-Rheda (Holy Roman Empire)
1707
1768
Nguyễn Thái Bình
Nguyễn Khoan (Vietnam)
906
967
Peter II
Urgell (Catalonia, Spain )
1347
June 1408
Orontes III
Armenia
321 BC
260 BC
Otto I
Solms-Braunfels (Holy Roman Empire)
1349
1410
Rao Shri Vijayraj Singh
Sirohi (India)
1250
1311
Ravi Varma Chera
Venadu Chera (India)
1252
1313
Winnemar
Manderscheid (Holy Roman Empire)
1206
1267
Adesida I
Kingdom of Akure (Nigeria)
22 June 1897
1957
60 years
Aescwine
Kingdom of Essex (England )
527
587
Ali ibn Dawud I
Kilwa Sultanate (Tanzania )
1023
1083
Aji Maharaja Sultan [id ]
Kutai Kartanegara (Indonesia)
1360
1420
Avinita
Western Ganga (India)
469
529
Cleopatra II
Egypt (Ptolemaic )
175 BC
115 BC
Cynan Garwyn
Kingdom of Powys (Wales )
550
610
Kotokuhene Nana Attafua
Akyem Kotoku (Ghana)
1867
25 September 1927
Padam Singh Bundela
Jigni State (British India)
1730
1790
Friedrich I
Salm-Blankenburg (Holy Roman Empire)
1210
1270
Gerhard I
Schwarzburg–Hallermund (Holy Roman Empire)
1266
1326
Gopinath Birabara Harichandan
Talcher State (India)
1651
1711
Gusti Ngurah Agung II
Tabanan (Dutch East Indies )
Mid 1843
21 November 1903
Heinrich II
Salm-Blankenburg (Holy Roman Empire)
1301
1361
Hiero II
Syracuse (Sicily, Italy )
275 BC
215 BC
Henry I
Isenburg-Cleeberg (Holy Roman Empire)
1167
1227
Khingila
Alchon Huns (India)
430
490
Kilhan
Dhundhar (India )
1216
1276
Krishna Chandra Mardraj Harichandan [138]
Nilagiri State [q]
1833
1893
Ludwig
Salm-Blankenburg (Holy Roman Empire)
1443
1503
Matilda
Margraviate of Tuscany (Holy Roman Empire De jure )
1055
23 July 1115
Mayadunne
Kingdom of Sitawaka (Sri Lanka)
1521
1581
Mölambo
Bubi Kingdom (Nigeria)
1700
1760
Mutasiva
Anuradhapura Kingdom (Sri Lanka)
367 BC
307 BC
Pawl
Kingdom of Glywysing (Wales)
480
540
Phromkuman
Singhanavati (Thailand )
1029
1089
Pravarsena I the Great
Vakataka (India)
275
335
Sejakji, Thakore Sahib of Sejakpur
Sejakpur, Jhalawar (India)
1194
1254
Sophie
County of Bar (Holy Roman Empire)
1033
1093
Sri Pravarasena II
Alchon Huns (India)
530
590
Vanaraja
Chavada /Anahilawada (India)
846
906
Vanghoji II Rao
Phaltan State (India)
1570
1630
Bhaskara Ravi Manukuladithya
Kodungallur Chera (India)
962
1021
59 years
Kulashekara Alupendra I
Alupa dynasty
1156
1215
Bu Jiang
Xia dynasty (China)
1890 BC
1831 BC
David I Anhoghin
Tashir-Dzoraget (Armenia )
989
1048
Kulottunga I
Eastern Chalukyas , then Cholas
1061
1120
Eberhard IV
Werdenberg-Trochtelfingen (Holy Roman Empire)
October 1416
Winter 1475
Himiko
Yamatai (Japan )
189
248
Hu
State of Chen (China)
1045 BC
986 BC
Gerlach II
Isenburg-Covern (Holy Roman Empire)
1158
1217
John the Magnificent
Poitou (France)
1357
15 June 1416
Muhammad Bayazid Khan Bahadur
Jagir of Maler (1600–1657) Malerkotla State (1657–1659) (India)
1600
1659
Nawab Asad Ali Khan
Basoda State [q]
1800
11 May 1822 [bc]
1817
22 May 1864
Raja Alhad Singh
Pratihar Rajputs of Nagod State (decendants of Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty )
1721
1780
Nguyễn Lệnh công/ Vũ Ninh vương [bd]
Nguyễn Thủ Tiệp (Vietnam)
908
967
Konrad I the Scheerer
Tübingen (Holy Roman Empire)
1317
1376
Otto I
Salm-Kyrburg (Holy Roman Empire)
1548
7 June 1607
Raja Adesinhji I
Bhaderwah (British India)
1722
1781
Renaud II, Count of Orange
Principality of Orange (Holy Roman Empire)
1062
1121
Sri Tegin Shah
Turk Shahis/Kabul Shahis (Afghanistan )
Autumn 680
739
William III
County of Toulouse (France)
978
30 September 1037
William IV
Jülich (Holy Roman Empire)
1219
1278
Wu Ding
Shang dynasty (China)
1250 BC
1191 BC
Gomani II Phillip [be]
Maseko (Malawi )
1896
12 May 1954
58 years
Guled Abdi
Isaaq Sultanate (Somaliland )
1750
1808
Harald I Fairhair
Norway
872
930
Henry II
Baden-Hachberg (Holy Roman Empire)
1231
1289
Henry IV
Henneberg-Schleusingen (Holy Roman Empire)
1347
1405
Mwezi IV Gisabo
Kingdom of Burundi [bf]
1850
1908
Nan
Zhou dynasty (China)
314 BC
256 BC
Rudolf II
Sargans-Werdenberg (Holy Roman Empire)
1264
30 December 1322
Nedum Cheralathan
Chera Dynasty (India)
130
188
Jadumani Rautara
Chikiti -Eastern Ganga (India)
Winter 1633
31 December 1691
Jayaba Mukne
Jawhar State (India)
1307
1365
Jit Sen
Suket (British India from 1712)
1663
1721
Muhammad Shafi Ud-Din II
Sultanate of Sambas (Borneo )
1866
1924
Mulraj II
Jaisalmer (British India)
1762
1820
Rajapala
Gurjara-Pratihara (India)
960
1018
Ramasimhadeva
Karnata (India)
1227
1285
Rawat Shri Suraj Mal Sahib
Devgarh (India)
1473
1531
Rudolph I
Saxe-Wittenberg (Holy Roman Empire)
1298
12 March 1356
Tuoba Liwei/Emperor Shenyuan
Tuoba Clan (China)
219
277
Yusa
Kingdom of Kano (Nigeria)
1136
1194
[135] [136]
Adolf Ludwig Wilhelm
Sayn-Wittgenstein-Karlsburg (Holy Roman Empire)
1749
1806
57 years
Balabhadra Rautara
Chikiti -Eastern Ganga (India)
840
897
Bajradhar Narendra
Ranpur (India)
1842
12 July 1899
Bernhard I
Bentheim-Bentheim (Holy Roman Empire)
1364
1421
Qara Yuluk Uthman Beg
Aq Qoyunlu (Iran)
1378
1435
Birakesari Deva I Bhagirathi Deva
Khurda Kingdom (British India)
1736
1793
Deria Sugulle Ainanshe
Habr Yunis Sultanate (Somaliland)
1797
1854
Jaswant Singh
Nabha (British India)
1783
22 May 1840
Jing
Qi (China)
547 BC
490 BC
John
Waldburg-Waldsee (Holy Roman Empire)
1667
1724
John II
Auxerre (France)
1304
1361
Pharasmanes I the Great
Kingdom of Iberia (Georgia)
1
58
Prithvi Chand
Baghal State (British India from 1712)
1670
1727
Kori
Oyo Empire (Nigeria)
1300
1357
Mithridates VI
Pontus (Turkey)
120 BC
63 BC
Nasir al-Din Muhammad
Mihrabanid dynasty
1261
1318
Maredudd ap Tewdws
Kingdom of Dyfed (Wales)
740
797
Rawat Sawai Anup Singhji II of Begun
Begun (British Raj)
1890
1947
Sargon
Akkadian Empire (Iraq )
2272 BC
2215 BC
Sheikh Hamad bin Abdullah Al Sharqi
Emirate of Fujairah (United Arab Emirates )
1879
31 December 1936
Sourigna Vongsa
Lan Xang (Laos )
1637
1694
Orontes I
Armenia
401 BC
344 BC
Vseslav II Bryachislavich [bg]
Polotsk (Belarus )
1044
1101
Yi Hham Hka
Kengtung (Myanmar)
1403
1460
Zhaoxiang
Qin (China)
307 BC
250 BC
Abas I
Tashir-Dzoraget (Armenia)
989
1045
56 Years
Berthold IV
Henneberg-Schleusingen (Holy Roman Empire)
1284
1340
Bhup Singh
Nalagarh State (British India from 1712)
1705
1761
Eberhard III
Nordgau (Holy Roman Empire)
864
920
Genghis Khan
Khamag Mongol (1171–1206)
Mongol Empire (1206–1227)
1171
25 August 1227
Gruffudd ap Cynan
Gwynedd (Wales)
1081
1137
Harendra Narayan
Cooch Behar State (British India)
1783
1839
Idris Ibn Abi Bakr
Dar Qimr [ca ] (Sudan )
1879
1935
Mun
Balhae (Korea)
737
793
Nripati Beta I Garuda
Kakatiya Dynasty (India)
995
1051
Prithvisimhji Gajsinhji
Danta State (British India from 1712)
1687
1743
Qasim Yaqut Khan
Jafarabad State (British India from 1712)
1678
1734
Sartanji II Vikmatji
Porbandar State (British India)
1757
1813
Sultan Mustafa
Kota Pinang (Dutch Indonesia from 1816)
1815
28 August 1871
Theodoric III
County of Montbéliard (Holy Roman Empire)
1227
1283
See also
Notes
^ Elizabeth was Queen of many other states, but other than these four, her reign was shorter. Lengths listed below are for Elizabeth as monarch of an independent country or dominion; except for Jamaica for which she would rank 17th, none would entitle her to a place on this list. The following states were British dominions at the start of Queen Elizabeth II's reign in 1952, but became independent as republics during her reign:
Pakistan (including Bangladesh) (republic 23 March 1956; 4 years, 46 days) South Africa (republic 31 May 1961; 9 years, 114 days) Ceylon (republic, with the name Sri Lanka , 22 May 1972; 20 years, 106 days)
The following states were not sovereign at the start of Queen Elizabeth II's reign in 1952, but became sovereign and later became republics during her reign:
Ghana (sovereign 6 March 1957, republic 1 July 1961; 4 years, 87 days) Nigeria (sovereign 1 October 1960, republic 1 October 1963; 3 years, 0 days) Sierra Leone (sovereign 27 April 1961, republic 19 April 1971; 9 years, 357 days) Tanganyika (sovereign 9 December 1961, republic 9 December 1962; 1 year, 0 days) Trinidad and Tobago (sovereign 31 August 1962, republic 1 August 1976; 13 years, 336 days) Uganda (sovereign 9 October 1962, republic 9 October 1963; 1 year, 0 days) Kenya (sovereign 12 December 1963, republic 12 December 1964; 1 year, 0 days) Malawi (sovereign 6 July 1964, republic 6 July 1966; 2 years, 0 days) Malta (sovereign 21 September 1964, republic 13 December 1974; 10 years, 83 days) The Gambia (sovereign 18 February 1965, republic 24 April 1970; 5 years, 65 days) Rhodesia (UDI 11 November 1965, republic 2 March 1970; 4 years, 111 days) Guyana (sovereign 26 May 1966, republic 23 February 1970; 3 years, 273 days) Barbados (sovereign 30 November 1966, republic 30 November 2021; 55 years, 0 days) Mauritius (sovereign 12 March 1968, republic 12 March 1992; 24 years, 0 days) Fiji (sovereign 10 October 1970, republic 6 October 1987; 16 years, 361 days)
The following states were not sovereign at the start of Queen Elizabeth II's reign in 1952, but became sovereign during her reign and retained her as Queen:
Jamaica (sovereign 6 August 1962; 60 years, 33 days) Bahamas (sovereign 10 July 1973; 49 years, 60 days) Grenada (sovereign 7 February 1974; 48 years, 213 days) Papua New Guinea (sovereign 16 September 1975; 46 years, 357 days) Solomon Islands (sovereign 7 July 1978; 44 years, 63 days) Tuvalu (sovereign 1 October 1978; 43 years, 342 days) Saint Lucia (sovereign 22 February 1979; 43 years, 198 days) Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (sovereign 27 October 1979; 42 years, 316 days) Belize (sovereign 21 September 1981; 40 years, 352 days) Antigua and Barbuda (sovereign 1 November 1981; 40 years, 311 days) Saint Kitts and Nevis (sovereign 19 September 1983; 38 years, 354 days)
^ Length of reign applies to the independent states that have remained monarchies since her accession: Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom.
^ In the Mayan calendar , acceded 9.9.2.4.8, 5 Lamat 1 Mol; died 9.12.11.5.18, 6 Etz'nab 11 Yax. Long Count dates are converted using the GMT+2 correlation and the Julian Calendar.[7] [8]
^ In the Maya calendar , acceded 9.9.14.17.5, 6 Chikchan 18 K'ayab; died 9.13.3.5.7 12 Manik' 0 Yaxk'in. Western date is given by the GMT+2 correlation in the Julian Calendar.[11] [12]
^ Served as Regent for his father Emperor Taishō , from 29 November 1921 until his formal accession.
^ Longest de jure ruler of China, although the Qianlong Emperor held longer de facto power.
^ Sometimes called "Itzamnaaj Bahlam II ",[11] or "Shield Jaguar".[12]
^ In the Maya calendar , acceded 9.12.9.8.1 5 Imix 4 Mak; died 9.15.10.17.14 6 Ix 12 Yaxk'in. Western date is given by the GMT+2 correlation in the Julian Calendar.[11]
^ In the Maya calendar , acceded 9.14.13.4.17 12 Kab'an 5 K'ayab'; died 9.17.14.13.2 11 Ik 5 Yax. Western date is given by the GMT+2 correlation in the Julian Calendar.[11]
^ Longest de facto ruler of China, although the Kangxi Emperor held longer de jure power.
^ Abdicated, but maintained de facto power as Retired Emperor until 7 February 1799.
^ Great Britain and Ireland were joined as the United Kingdom effective 1 January 1801 by the Acts of Union 1800 .
^ In the Islamic calendar , acceded on 15th Shaban 427; died 18th Zilhaja 487.[29] His death date is sometimes given as 6 January 1095,[29] but most sources give 29 December 1094.[30] [31] [32]
^ James VI of Scotland was also the King of England and King of Ireland as James I, although he only became King of England and Ireland after the death of Elizabeth I in 1603.
^ The death of Rudolph II , Conrad's predecessor, is variously given as 11, 12 or 13 July.[36] [37]
^ He was proclaimed king at the age of four months, and his grandmother, Labotsibeni Mdluli , acted as regent until 22 December 1921 and then formally transferred all monarchial power to Sobhuza II. Some sources take the date of succession as the date on which his grandmother handed over the royal duties to him, not when he was proclaimed king. Swaziland became independent from the United Kingdom in 1968.
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n British India until 1858, British Raj from 1858.
^
Heinrich XI succeeded to the throne as Count of Reuss-Obergreiz in 1723 on the death of his brother, Heinrich IX (all male members of the family were named Heinrich in order of birth, even across cousins). In 1778 he became the first Prince of Reuss Elder Line .
^ Holy Roman Empire until 1806, from 1815 part of the German Confederation .
^ Ruled as Count until 1807, as Prince thereafter.
^ Count John Louis was born after the death of his father Count Johann II on 25 July 1472; he succeeded to the throne at birth.
^ Acceded to the Union of India on 15 August 1947. Merged Kapurthala into the Patiala and Eastern Punjab States Union (PEPSU) on 5 May 1948, relinquished his sovereign powers with effect from 20 August.[50] Rajpramukh of the PEPSU from 5 May 1948 until his death on 17 June 1949
^ Holy Roman Empire until 1806, from 1815 part of the German Confederation .
^ Holy Roman Empire until 1806,from 1815 part of the German Confederation .
^ From 1640 he also ruled Schaumburg-Lippe
^ Eleanor was Duchess of Aquitaine in her own right, although medieval law dictated that her various husbands (Louis VII of France, Henry II of England ) and sons (Richard I and John of England ) reign with her jointly.
^ Merged his state into the United State of Kathiawad on 15 February 1948, but lived until 28 June 1954.
^ Frederick Augustus I was known as Frederick Augustus III before 1806.
^ Holy Roman Empire until 1806,from 1815 part of the German Confederation .
^ British protectorate from 1880
^ Was forced to abdicate by the British in 1923 but the Bahrinis did not recognize this and considered him the rightful monarch until 1932.
^ Holy Roman Empire until 1806,from 1815 part of the German Confederation .
^ Philipp II ruled as co-ruler with his brother till 1442 when they divided their inheritances.
^ After 1671 Christian also ruled Palatinate-Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld after that line went extinct.
^ Ulrich V was Count of all Württemberg until its partition between Württemberg-Urach and Württemberg-Stuttgart in 1442. He continued as Count of the latter branch until his death in 1480.
^ Acceded to the Union of India on 14 August 1947, but retained sovereignty over his state until his death on 31 March 1948
^ Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt was part of the German Confederation from 1815 until 1866.
^ Johann Jakob I succeeded as Truchsess (Archsteward), and was raised to the rank of Graf (Count) in 1628.
^ Pepi II's figure has been disputed by some Egyptologists who favour a shorter reign length of 64 years, given the absence of attested dates known for Pepi after his 31st Count, which would equate to 62 years assuming the count to be biennial. Others point, however, to the consistency between the existing historical sources all crediting Pepi with over 90 years of reign. Finally, the lack of evidence beyond his 62nd year does not preclude a much longer reign, especially in view of the decay of the Egyptian state into the chaos of the First Intermediate Period at the end of Pepi's reign.
^ A dispute exists concerning when Taejo 's reign ended. Lower estimates suggest 121–145 and higher ones up to 167 but the most widely believed one is 146 since Korean historians claim that he died in that year.
^ 121 CE is another possible accepted date of Taejo's end reign
^ While the chronology of his reign is disputed, his existence is generally accepted by most historians.
^ Some sources just give 80 years of lifespan not reign and Chronology disputed
^ Other sources put his start date as 679 or 688.
^ Some sources just give 79 Years of Lifespan not Reign.
^ During his lifetime, Otto I had many co-monarchs, including his father Rudolph IV , who made him ruler in 1308; he also ruled with his brother Henry IV until he died in 1318, as well as his brother Rudolph VI , who died in 1352.
^ In Co-Reign with his Mother until 1128
^ Shapur II was crowned in utero : the crown was placed upon his mother's belly. This child, named Shapur, was therefore born king; the government was conducted by his mother and the magnates.
^ Dominated by Nepal until 1816 and then by the British.
^ Robert I was in co-rule with his step-brother Edward II until 1352
^ Historians debate whether he was a Chinese or Vietnamese ruler (named Triệu Vũ Đế))
^ Sometimes her aunt Anne de La Tour d'Auvergne 's death is given as June 1524 or 16 June 1524 (see for example her French wikipedia article), though sources seem to be laking for such specific dates and so she remains here. If sources are found for 16 June, she can be moved into the second section with 64 years, 203 days as her reign length
^ [134] [135] [136]
^ In Co-Reign with his father until 1704
^ Had a interruption between 1818 and 1822 but later regained it in 1822, counting both of his periods he had a reign of 59 years.
^ Disputed name or ruler has two names.
^ He had Regents until 1921.
^ Part of German East Africa from 1890.
^ He also ruled Russia for a brief period between 1068 and 1069.
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