This is a list of formal systems, also known as logical calculi.
Mathematical
- Functional calculus, a way to apply various types of functions to operators
- Matrix calculus, a specialized notation for multivariable calculus over spaces of matrices
- Umbral calculus, the combinatorics of certain operations on polynomials
- Vector calculus (also called vector analysis), comprising specialized notations for multivariable analysis of vectors in an inner-product space
Logical
- Modal μ-calculus, a common temporal logic used by formal verification methods such as model checking
- Lambda calculus, a formulation of the theory of reflexive functions that has deep connections to computational theory
- Kappa calculus, a reformulation of the first-order fragment of typed lambda calculus
- Rho calculus, introduced as a general means to uniformly integrate rewriting into lambda calculus
- Process calculus, a set of approaches to formulating formal models of concurrent systems
- Ambient calculus, a family of models for concurrent systems based on the concept of agent mobility
- Join calculus, a theoretical model for the design of distributed programming languages
- π-calculus, a formulation of the theory of concurrent, communicating processes, that was invented by Robin Milner
- Relational calculus, a calculus for the relational data model
- Refinement calculus, a way of refining models of programs into efficient programs
- Formal ethics – The study of ethical principles through logical and systematic analysis.
Music is a formal system too. Please have editors illuminate on this.
See also
