盟軍由巴黎到萊茵的推進

齊格菲防線戰役
第二次世界大戰的一部分

美國士兵踏過齊格菲防線
日期1944年9月15日至1945年3月7日
地点
结果 盟軍勝利
参战方
 美国
 英国
法國 法國
 加拿大
波蘭英语Polish Armed Forces in the West
 比利时
捷克斯洛伐克 捷克斯洛伐克
 荷蘭
 挪威
 德意志國
指挥官与领导者
美国 德懷特·艾森豪
(總司令)
英国 伯納德·蒙哥馬利
(英国第21集團軍英语21st Army Group)
美国 奧馬爾·布雷德利
(第12集團軍)
納粹德國 格特·倫德施泰特
(總司令)
納粹德國 瓦爾特·莫德爾
(B集團軍)
兵力
4,500,000人
(91個師)[1]
1,500,000人
伤亡与损失
美國
240,082人
英國
32,366人
法國
15,390-17,390人[2]
加拿大
15,000人
總共
272,448人以上[3]
40,000人以上死亡
80,000人受傷
280,000人以上被俘
總共
400,000人以上[4]

盟軍由巴黎到萊茵的推進是於第二次世界大戰的西歐法德疆界附近發生的戰事,維持了約半年,其結果是盟軍佔領法國、比利時、盧森堡的大部份領土、荷蘭的南部領土和德國萊茵蘭領土。

背景

解放巴黎後,德軍節節敗退,盟軍決定解放剩餘法國、比利時、荷蘭等國的領土。

經過

是次戰爭有兩個最大的障礙:一是東法國河流造成的自然障礙,二是齊格菲防線本身的防禦。盟軍先後解放了法、比、荷很多的領土,而德國則敗退到其本土。盟軍先於1944年12月3日攻佔大片北法國的領土,再於15日解放了大部份比利時的領土及東法國一些領土。解放的地方有比利時首都布魯塞爾、北巴黎蘭斯、盧森堡首都盧森堡市里爾南錫安特衛普等城。

盟軍再後的進攻解放了很多土地並於1944年12月15日成功佔領如南荷蘭東法國、一小塊盧森堡的領土和德國本身領土的一些邊疆領地。攻佔的城市有亞琛貝爾福米盧斯埃因霍溫等。後來納粹德國計劃反攻在比利時的盟軍,攻佔其首都布魯塞爾,但最後於1944年12月16日、20日、21日和24日進攻,卻只攻佔巴斯托涅等地並很快再失去。

其後於1945年2月盟軍再度進攻,於1945年3月7日完全攻佔萊茵河以西的一大片土地,納粹德國的敗局早已注定。

繼後

盟軍成功越過萊茵河,最後更順利推進至易北河,致使盟軍戰勝,與蘇軍會師柏林,納粹德國戰敗,歐洲戰場終結。

注释

参考资料

  1. ^ MacDonald, C (2005), The Last Offensive: The European Theater of Operations. University Press of the Pacific, p.322
  2. ^ De Lattre, p. 398
  3. ^ US Adjutant General. Army battle casualties and nonbattle deaths in World War II.. 1953: 93 [29 June 2017]. (原始内容存档于24 March 2020). 
  4. ^ Zaloga, Steve, and Dennis, Peter (2006). Remagen 1945: endgame against the Third Reich. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 1-84603-249-0. Page 88.

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