君士坦丁·科穆宁·杜卡斯

君士坦丁·科穆宁·杜卡斯
埃托里亚英语Aetolia阿卡纳尼亚英语Acarnania的专制君主
出生1172
逝世1242
貴族科穆宁·杜卡斯王朝(安格洛斯王朝的分支)
父親约翰·杜卡斯
母親佐伊·杜卡伊娜(Zoe Doukaina)
宗教信仰东正教

君士坦丁·科穆宁·杜卡斯希臘語Κωνσταντίνος Κομνηνός Δούκας羅馬化Kōnstantinos Komnēnos Doukas;约1172– 1242年后),通常简称君士坦丁·杜卡斯[1],是拜占庭帝国至尊者英语Sebastokrator约翰·杜卡斯之子,伊庇鲁斯专制国建立者米海尔及第二任君主狄奥多尔之兄。君士坦丁后得到了埃托里亚英语Aetolia阿卡纳尼亚英语Acarnania的领地,被授予了“专制君主”的头衔,他统治这两地直到去世。

生平

关于君士坦丁的早期经历的记载不多[2]。他出生于约1172年,是约翰·杜卡斯与其第二任妻子佐伊·杜卡伊娜(Zoe Doukaina)的长子[3]。在1204年4月12日第四次十字军攻陷君士坦丁堡前夕,有一个名叫君士坦丁·杜卡斯的人与君士坦丁·拉斯卡里斯竞争皇位,他可能就是君士坦丁·科穆宁·杜卡斯[4]。可确定的是,1208年,他陪同被废黜,流亡在伊庇鲁斯宫廷的阿莱克修斯三世皇帝前往罗姆苏丹国,试图夺取尼西亚帝国,但尽管有着突厥人的支援,阿莱克修斯还是在门雷德斯河畔安条克战役中被彻底击败[2]

埃托利亚和阿卡纳尼亚的统治者

战后君士坦丁回到伊庇鲁斯,一段时间之后(很可能是在弟弟狄奥多尔1215年继承伊庇鲁斯专制国之后),他被授予了以纳夫帕克托斯为首府的埃托里亚英语Aetolia阿卡纳尼亚英语Acarnania两块领地[1]。1216年,他参与了狄奥多尔与保加利亚的战斗[2]。君士坦丁的统治很成功,他从拉丁人手中夺回了拉米亚尼奥帕特拉斯英语ypati[5],但他与纳夫帕克托斯的主教约翰·阿波考科斯英语John Apokaukos产生了冲突,这损害了他的威信,后者指责他是个横征暴敛的暴君;最终约翰在1220年被迫辞职,并被放逐;1221年5月,一次宗教会议得以召开,许多来自希腊、伊庇鲁斯的高级代表出席会议,在会上君士坦丁与约翰达成了和解[6]。之后,两人的关系变得融洽,约翰甚至发表了赞扬君士坦丁功绩的演说辞英语Encomium[7]

1225年,狄奥多尔在塞萨洛尼基称帝,君士坦丁和他的另外一个兄弟曼努埃尔英语Manuel Doukas随即被授予“专制君主”的头衔[8]。他再此之后的事迹十分模糊:他可能没有参加狄奥多尔与保加利亚进行的科洛科特尼扎战役英语Battle of Klokotnitsa(1230年),此战中狄奥多尔兵败被俘;之后曼努埃尔继承皇位,君士坦丁对他保持效忠,继续统治埃托利亚和阿卡纳尼亚;而1237年狄奥多尔被保加利亚释放,君士坦丁又帮助他推翻了曼努埃尔,重新掌握塞萨洛尼基;1242年,君士坦丁最后一次出现在历史记载中,他可能就在此后不久去世[9]

家庭

他的婚姻、家庭情况未知[1][10]

脚注

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Polemis 1968,第91頁.
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Varzos 1984,第657頁.
  3. ^ Varzos 1984,第656頁.
  4. ^ Varzos 1984,第664頁.
  5. ^ Varzos 1984,第565頁.
  6. ^ Varzos 1984,第658–661頁.
  7. ^ Varzos 1984,第661–662頁.
  8. ^ Varzos 1984,第662頁.
  9. ^ Varzos 1984,第663頁.
  10. ^ Varzos 1984,第663–664頁.

来源

  • Polemis, Demetrios I. The Doukai: A Contribution to Byzantine Prosopography. London, United Kingdom: The Athlone Press. 1968 [2020-11-13]. (原始内容存档于2016-04-30). 
  • Varzos, Konstantinos. Η Γενεαλογία των Κομνηνών [The Genealogy of the Komnenoi] B. Thessaloniki: Centre for Byzantine Studies, University of Thessaloniki. 1984: 656–664. OCLC 834784665 (希腊语). 

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