卜鲁罕

卜鲁罕蒙古语ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ鲍培转写Bulγan;13世纪?—1307年),蒙古巴牙惕(伯岳吾)氏,元成宗铁穆耳受册宝皇后,驸马脱里思之女。

生平

出生年份没有记载。元贞初年(1295年),卜鲁罕被立为皇后。大德三年(1299年)十月,授册宝。真金妻、皇太后阔阔真于次年去世,这使卜鲁罕有了更大的政治影响。由于年轻时饮酒过度,元成宗铁穆耳晚年一直被重病所扰。利用这种形势,卜鲁罕有智谋,信任相臣哈剌哈孙,代元成宗铁穆耳施政也做得比较公允,颇得好评。京师修建万宁寺,里面塑秘密佛像,面目丑怪,卜鲁罕以手帕蒙盖它的脸,传旨毁之。中书省枢密院御史台的大臣上奏给皇后上尊号,成宗不允。成宗车驾幸上都,皇后自请尊号。成宗说:“我病日久,国家大事多废不举,还能理此等事吗!”事情就搁置了。

元成宗唯一的儿子皇太子德寿死于大德九年十二月(1306年1月),雖然成宗還有三個兒子,但卒年不详。为了避免元成宗之兄答剌麻八剌一系即位,大德十年(1306年),元成宗病情渐重,卜鲁罕皇后趁答剌麻八剌长子海山镇守漠北,与左丞相阿忽台合谋,将答剌麻八剌的妻子答己和幼子爱育黎拔力八达送往怀州(今河南沁阳)。大德十一年(1307年)2月10日,元成宗铁穆尔去世,终年42岁,没有明确的继承人,帝位继承问题还是没有解决。卜鲁罕皇后与左丞相阿忽台等人定下计划,命真金弟忙哥剌之子、堂小叔安西王阿难答失里来京师,由自己摄政、先是阿难答辅政,并最终将帝位传给阿难答。而右丞相哈剌哈孙,却暗地里派人通知在北方带兵的海山、在怀州的答己与爱育黎拔力八达,让他们立即以奔丧为名赶赴上都夺取帝位。

答己与爱育黎拔力八达先期抵达上都。卜鲁罕皇后和阿难答等人商议,趁三月初三为爱育黎拔力八达庆贺生日的机会,除掉这对母子。而爱育黎拔力八达抢在三月初二这天先动了手,将卜鲁罕皇后和阿难答等人一网打尽。爱育黎拔力八达诬卜鲁罕皇后以“私通安西王阿难答”的罪名,贬居东安州(今河北安次区西北)。

五月,海山到达上都,赐死安西王阿难答、左丞相阿忽台等人之后即位,是为元武宗。海山称帝后,废掉卜鲁罕的皇后头衔,将她就地赐死

延伸阅读

[在维基数据]

维基文库中的相关文本:元史·卷114》,出自宋濂元史
维基文库中的相关文本:新元史/卷104》,出自柯劭忞新元史

参考文献

前任:
南必
元朝皇后
1295年—1307年
繼任:
真哥

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