2006年一篇發表在《自然》的研究報告中[12],研究人員發現在人類與其他哺乳類DNA序列中的拷貝數變異(copy number variation;CNV),可能非常重要。拷貝數變異又稱為拷貝數多型性(copy number polymorphisms;CNPs),是缺失(deletion)、插入(insertion)、複寫(duplication),以及複雜多位置變異(complex multi-site variants)的合稱,在所有人類以及其他已測試的哺乳動物中皆可發現。
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