Dembidolo

Dembidolo
Sajo
Koordinate: 8°32′N 34°48′E / 8.533°N 34.800°E / 8.533; 34.800
Država  Etiopija
Visina 1,701- 1827
Stanovništvo (2005.)
 - Grad 35 065
Karta
Dembidolo Sajo na mapi Etiopije
Dembidolo Sajo
Dembidolo
Sajo

Dembidolo ili Dembi Dolo, bivši Sajo je grad na zapadu Etiopije, u Regiji Oromija u Zoni Mirab Velega. Dembidolo je udaljen oko 614 km zapadno od glavnog grada Adis Abebe, oko 700 km zapadno od regionalnog središta Adame i oko 100 km sjevernije od Gambele najvećeg grada u svojoj blizini. Dembidolo leži na nadmorskoj visini od 1,701 - 1827 metara, i najveći je grad u woredi Sajo.

Dembidolo ima aerodrom (ICAO kod HADD, IATA kod DEM).

Dembidolo je poznat u Etiopiji po svojim zlatarima, i tedžu (vrsti medovine).[1]

Historija

Izvorno se grad zvao Sajo, i bio je sjedište polunezavisnog kraljevstva, koje se prostiralo u području oko grada nakon 1900te, od 1920 Sajo je bio sjedište guvernera za ovaj dio jugozapadne Etiopije, sve do talijanske okupacije Etiopije nakon Drugog talijansko-abesinskog rata. Za vrijeme tog razdoblja Dembidolo je postao velik komercijalni centar za trgovinu kavom, ali i voskom i kožom, koje su se iz Dembidola izvozile preko Sudana u evropske zemlje. Tako se 1930-ih godišnje izvozilo po 500.000 kg kave u zrnu.

Posljednja vojna akcija Oromskog oslobodilačkog fronta (OLF) prije propasti vojnog režima Derg zbila se u Dembidolu 1991. godine, u njoj je ubijeno više od 700 vladinih vojnika. [2] Nakon te akcije, OLF je preuzeo nadzor nad Dembidolom i njegovom okolicom. Međutim, kada je OLF nakon toga želio proširiti svoju vlast na cijelu Regiju Oromija sukobio se sa rivalskim pokretom Oromskom narodnom demokratskom organizacijom, koja je uspjela osigurati podršku vladajuće Tigrajske narodno oslobodilačke fronte. Zbog sukoba oko vladanja, OLF se povukao iz vlade 1992. godine, što se dugoročno pokazalo kao katastrofalno loša odluka za OLF, jer su izgubili vlast i u Dembidolu i morali pobjeći iz grada u egzil.[3]

Stanovništvo

Prema podacima Središnje statističke agencije Etiopije -(CSA) za 2005 grad Dembidolo imao je 35,065 stanovnika, od toga 18,129 muškaraca i 16,936 žena.[4]

Izvori

  1. As attested, for example, by Matt Philips and Jean-Bernard Carillet, Ethiopia and Eritrea, third edition (n.p.: Lonely Planet, 2006), str.251
  2. "Local History in Ethiopia"[mrtav link] (pdf) The Nordic Africa Institute website (pristupljeno 28. novembra 2007.)
  3. Political Competition in Oromia, Human Rights Watch website (pristupljeno 17. marta 2009)
  4. CSA 2005 National Statistics Arhivirano 2007-08-13 na Wayback Machine-u, Table B.4

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