Línguas arauás

Arauá

Arawá

Falado(a) em:  Brasil e  Peru
Total de falantes:
Família: Arawá-Katukína-Harakmbet
 Arauá
Códigos de língua
ISO 639-1: --
ISO 639-2: ---

As línguas arauás formam uma família de línguas ameríndias do Brasil (Amazonas e Acre) e do Peru (Ucayali).[1]

Línguas

Classificação

Classificação interna da família arauá (Ramirez 2019):[2]

  • Suruwaha
  • Paumari (Purupuru)
  • Sul
    • Jarawara & Jamamadi (yamamadi)
    • Periférico (madiha)
      • Kulina
      • Kulina do Marari
      • Deni & Sewaku (“Yamamadi” do Inauini/Teuini e do Igarapé Capanã)

Comparação lexical

Comparação lexical (Rodrigues 1986):[3]

Português Dení Kulína Yamamadí Paumarí
peixe aba aba aba apa-
anta avi awi awi dama
água pasu pasu paha paha
sol mahi mahi mahi safini
mão zepe zepe depo çeei
fogo zipu zipu dzipu sihu

Reconstrução

Algumas reconstruções do Proto-Arawá (Dixon 2004):[4]

Plantas

Proto-Arawá Português Inglês
*biha carai yam sp.
*boba paxiúba palm sp.
*bodi bacuri fruit sp.
*'boko imbaúba tree sp.
*doni cumaru tonka bean
*hawa patauá patauá palm
*imi ingá ingá (tree and edible fruit)
*jani paxiubinha palm sp.
*jawana murumuru palm sp.
*jawida pupunha peach palm
*kahami urucuri palm sp.
*majo pajurá tree sp.
*nabohi paxiúba-barriguda palm sp.
*ora jenipapo genipap
*para'i açaí assai palm
*sanaro maracujá passion fruit
*tamajara matamatá, envira matamatá tree, envira tree
*tamino jaqueira jackfruit tree
*waishowa abiurana several trees of genus Lucuma
*wasina, *wasini samaúma, Ceiba pentandra kapok ceibe tree
*wekhe'i seringueira, Hevea brasiliensis rubber tree
*xidepe urucu, Bixa orellana tree sp.; red paint made from fruit

Mamíferos

Proto-Arawá Português Inglês
*gapha macaco-barrigudo woolly monkey
*hijama queixada white-lipped peccary
*hojawa tamanduá-bandeira giant anteater
*ja'o bicho-preguiça sloth sp.
*jajiko bugio, guariba howler monkey
*jotomi quati coati
*jowi(hi) macaco-prego capuchin monkey
*kawina bugio, guariba howler monkey
*kiriwe preguiça-de-três-dedos three-toed sloth
*kishi- tatu armadillo
*kiso macaco-prego capuchin monkey
*kosikosi jupará kinkajou, night monkey
*mase morcego bat
*modo tamanduá anteater
*mowi macaco-da-noite night monkey
*pishi macaco-de-cheiro, Saimiri sciureus squirrel monkey; marmoset (small monkey)
*shawa(ri) irara weasel sp.
*shinama cutia agouti
*tamakori macaco parauaçu, Pithecia monachus monkey sp.

Aves

Proto-Arawá Português Inglês
*ama'ahawa socó socó heron
*amasawari socozinho socozinho heron
*dapo jacu guan (bird sp.)
*DiroDiro martim-pescador kingfisher
*hiriti juruva motmot bird
*jakhi tucano (Ramphastos) toucan (Ramphastos)
*kamowa juriti, rolinha dove sp.
*kawashiro Icterus oriole
*komi surucuá trogon (bird sp.)
*khere ariramba kingfisher
*okoko juriti pigeon, dove sp.
*shabiria gavião-real, Harpia harpyja eagle-hawk
*tano japu pied-crested oropendola (type of oriole)
*tawikhoro(ro) bico-de-brasa black-fronted nunbird
*tobejaro, *tobejero) bacurau nighthawk
*wara- aracuã chachalaca (bird)

Peixes

Proto-Arawá Português Inglês
*aba majaro aruanã arowana (fish sp.)
*'awida piau piau sp. (fish)
*bahama surubim surubim (large fish)
*basani pacu pacu (fish sp.)
*bidama mandi catfish sp.
*kosop(h)a tucunaré tucunaré (fish sp.)
*khorobo jeju? fish sp.
*moro cangati; jai preto, Paulicea luetkeni fish sp. (cangati sp.; large catfish)
*otawi cará cará (fish sp.)
*siraba cangati, cará, acará fish sp.
*shako traíra lungfish

Répteis e insetos

Proto-Arawá Português Inglês
*kowasa jabuti tortoise
*shire tartaruga turtle
*bitha carapanã large mosquito
*'Diriri cigarra cicada
*jimo, *jomo tocandira ant sp.
*karajati mutuca biting fly
*waharo carapanã large mosquito

Comparações lexicais

Algumas semelhanças lexicais entre o proto-arawá e o proto-nadahup:[1]

Português Proto-Arawa Proto-Nadahup
arara *kawa kawetʔ (Nadeb)
cabeça *nukʰu ‘rosto’ *dũh
chuva *ɓahi *bahut ‘vento’
filha *to *toːɡ
filho *daʔo *tˀɤw ‘gente/descendentes’
macaco-de-cheiro *piʧʰi biʤ (Daw)
noite *ʤume *ʧˀɤb
peixe *aba *hãːp
tucano *ʤakʰi *ʧakwet

Ver também

Bibliografia

  • Dienst, S. (2010). The internal classification of the Arawan languages. LIAMES: Línguas Indígenas Americanas, 8(1), 61-67. https://doi.org/10.20396/liames.v8i1.1471
  • Dixon, R. M. W. 2004. Proto-Arawá Phonology. Anthropological Linguistics 46: 1-83.

Referências

  1. ↑ a b Jolkesky, Marcelo Pinho de Valhery. 2016. Estudo arqueo-ecolinguístico das terras tropicais sul-americanas. Doutorado em Linguística. Universidade de Brasília.
  2. ↑ Ramirez, Henri (2019). Enciclopédia das línguas arawak: acrescida de seis novas línguas e dois bancos de dados. (no prelo)
  3. ↑ Rodrigues, Aryon Dall'Igna. 1986. Línguas brasileiras: Para o conhecimento das línguas indígenas. São Paulo: Loyola. (PDF)
  4. ↑ Dixon, R. M. W. 2004. Proto-Arawá Phonology. Anthropological Linguistics 46: 1-83.

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